CA1201087A - Container closure and assembly - Google Patents
Container closure and assemblyInfo
- Publication number
- CA1201087A CA1201087A CA000415553A CA415553A CA1201087A CA 1201087 A CA1201087 A CA 1201087A CA 000415553 A CA000415553 A CA 000415553A CA 415553 A CA415553 A CA 415553A CA 1201087 A CA1201087 A CA 1201087A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- neck
- cap
- container
- recess
- side wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
- B65D41/02—Caps or cap-like covers without lines of weakness, tearing strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices
- B65D41/04—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation
- B65D41/0407—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation with integral sealing means
- B65D41/0414—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation with integral sealing means formed by a plug, collar, flange, rib or the like contacting the internal surface of a container neck
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF DISCLOSURE
An unlined one-piece synthetic plastic closure cap for a con-tainer having an open neck, the cap being formed with a centrally depressed top wall forming a projection for extending into and closing the container neck and a flat surface surrounding the pro-jection for full surface abutment with the end edge of the container neck when the cap is screwed onto the container.
An unlined one-piece synthetic plastic closure cap for a con-tainer having an open neck, the cap being formed with a centrally depressed top wall forming a projection for extending into and closing the container neck and a flat surface surrounding the pro-jection for full surface abutment with the end edge of the container neck when the cap is screwed onto the container.
Description
120108~
CONTAINER CLOSURE AND ASSEMBLY
This invention relates to removable closures for containers and partlcularly to special closure structures and the assembly thereof with certain containers.
In its preferred embodiment the invention will be described in association with a container assembly of the type disclosed in .S. Letters Patent No. 4,269,722 issued May 26, 1981 to Joshi et al. As will appear the container may be the same as disclosed in Joshi et al.except for the neck arrangements.
The invention contemplates as a ma~or object a nvvel con-tainer closure structure integrally formed of a suitable stiff synthetic plastic such as polypropylene having its top wall in-dented to provide an internal pro~ection that is adapted to close the open end of the container neck when installed. Further to this ob~ect the pro~ection is surrounded at its base by an annular flat surface adapted to seat tightly in full surface direct engagement all around the upper edge of the opening in the container neck.
A further ob~ect of the invention i8 to provide a noveI con-tainer assembly consisting of a container and the foregoing closure wherein the closure is secured upon the container as by a speclally located threaded connection that pu116 the flat sealing surface of the closure tight upon the edee of the container neck~
It is a further ob~ect of the invention to provlde a novel generally cylindrical container closure havlng an indented top wall providing an internal cylindrical neck-closing pro;ection surrounded by an annular planar surface adapted to seat tightly upon the edge o~ the container neck and thereby coact with a correspondingly located external thread formed on the container neck ~ust below the edge of the dispensing opening.
, .. . .
120108~
Further novel features and other ob~ects of this lnvention will become apparent from the following detailed description~ dis-cussion and the appended claims taken in con~unction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING~
Fig. 1 is a side view showing a container closure cap according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, Fi~. 2 is a plan view lookin~ up into the interior of the closure of Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is an enlarged partial section showing coaction of the closure of Fig. 1 with the container nec~; and Fig. 5 is an illustrative side view showing a filled and closed container in its normal disposition after packaging for shipment .
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The invention provides a novel closure cap 11 for the container 12. The cap 11 may be integrally formed of polypropylene while the container may be integrally formed of polyvinylchloride. The con-tainer 12 may be blow molded from a suitable synthetic plastic and is preferably transparent so that the color of its contents may show.
The container 12 is of known shape and dimensions and, except for the location of the external threads on the container neck, may be essentially the same as used prior to the invention and shown in the Joshi et al. patent.
The container 12 comprises a body 13 havin~ a rounded edge through-opening that defines a handle 14 at one side of the top, and a reduced diameter cylindrical neck 15 that terminates in an open mouth surrounded by an annular axially facing flat smooth end sur-face 16 lying in a plane perpendicular to the axis A of the con-.~
talner neck. The inner surface 17 o~ the neck 15 is smooth andcylindrical~ and it intersects the end surface 16 in a circular line indicated at 18.
A substantially helical external thread 19 consisting of a single revolution with a slight overlap is integrally formed on the neck 15 adjacent the edge thereof ~ust downwardly o~ the mouth. A flat shoulder 21 lying in a plane parallel to surface 16 is provided at the ~uncture between the neck 15 and the body 13, and an external shallow finishing groove 22 is formed in the neck 15 JUst above the shoulder 21. This finishing groove is adapted to coact with a trimming apparatus (not shown) which cuts the end surface 16 and which has lying opposite it an internal continuous rib 23 which maintains wall thickness of the neck and gives it rigidity.
The cap 11 is symmetrical about an axis B and comprises a top wall 24 and a depending generally cylindrical side wall 25. The top wall is indented to form a central depressed relatively shallow recess 26 that exhibits an annular side wall 27 and a bottom wall 28. As shown, the walls 27 and 28 are of uniform thickness and substantially maintain the thickness of cap side wall 25.
The outer peripheral surface 29 of the recess side wall is smooth and preferably either cylindrical or with a slight downwardly converging conical taper. Thus there is provided within the cap a substantially cylindrical projection 30 which, as will appear, is adapted to fit snugly within the neck opening of the container 12.
The end portion 31 of the cap side wall 25 is, where it joins the cap top wall, of about the same thickness as walls 27 and 28 and uniformly surrounds the recess side wall and defines with the cap top wall and the recess side wall 27 an annular recess 32 which surrounds the projection and as will appear receives the end 30 of the contalner neck 15 when the cap is on the container.
.
~20~08~
The bottom of the recess 32 iB a smooth flat annular surface 33 that is planar, smooth and accurately disposed at right angles to the central axis B of the cap. The surface 33 extends around the base of the proaection 30 and perpendicularly intersects the surface 29.
A generally helical thread 34 is integrally formed inside the cap side wall 25 and extends from the recess 32 to the neck portion Or the cap. The thread 34 matches the container neck thread 19 and preferably extends for more than two revolutions as shown.
The outer surface 35 of the cap recess 26 is curved, and the inner surface 36 thereof is correspondingly curved intersecting the periphery 29 of the recess side wall in a circle as indlcated at 37. This provides a bowed, inverted dome central region for the cap top wall, whlch strengthens that wall against lateral collapse when the cap is screwed onto the container neck as will appear. The recess 32 thus surrounds the domed internal pro~ection 30 ln the cap.
The skirt portion of the cap side wall may, as indicated at 38, be thinner than the other portions of the cap because it is not sub~ected to appreciable stress when the cap is installed, thus permitting a savings in material. If desired, llght, stiffening ribs 43 may be provided to make the skirt somewhat more rigid. The outer side of the closure may be fluted as shown at 41 similarly to the closure cap ln Joshi et al.
In a cap having a diameter of about 1 3/4 inches and a side wall length of about 1 1/16 inches3 the depth of recess 32 may be about 1/4 inch.
The ^ontainer 12 is normally used to package a relatively heavy detergent powder such as that disclosed in said Joshi et al.
patent, and the cap 12 is employed as a measuring device since only small quantities of this detergent are required for normal washing machine loads.
"
lZ01087 For example the c~p here defined has a volume of 1/~ cup, so that two fillinæs will supply the normal 1/4 cup of this detergent usually used.
As the cap is placed over the container neck ~t is turned about its axis and engagement of the threads pulls the cap axially until the pro~ection 30 enters the open neck mouth and the surface 16 is in tight full surface engagement all around with the surface 33. The inherent flexibility of the plastic materials involved compensates for slight tolerances in molding whereby the projectio~
30 fits snugly and tightly with the neck surface 17 to provide a longitudinal seal 17, 29 that is substantially continuous with the axial seal 16, 33.
In addition the pro~ection 30 helps maintain the cylindrical shape of the container neck while the cap is being turned on the neck thread, and the assembly is increasingly tight.
By locating the screw thread connection near the outer end of the container neck and also where the cap wall thickness is greatest, a more efficient coupling of the cap with the container is secured.
By indenting the top wall of the closure the available internal volume of the closure for accurate dosage measurement may be accur-ately controlled, whlle preserving the height appearance of the cap relatlve to the container.
Thus in summary the advantages of the closure and assemb]y disclosed over that disclosed in said Joshi et al.patent are:
(1) An unlined cap is provided which exhibits a better seal with the container neck. In addition to the mechanical advantages, elimination of a liner reduces manufacturing time and other costs.
CONTAINER CLOSURE AND ASSEMBLY
This invention relates to removable closures for containers and partlcularly to special closure structures and the assembly thereof with certain containers.
In its preferred embodiment the invention will be described in association with a container assembly of the type disclosed in .S. Letters Patent No. 4,269,722 issued May 26, 1981 to Joshi et al. As will appear the container may be the same as disclosed in Joshi et al.except for the neck arrangements.
The invention contemplates as a ma~or object a nvvel con-tainer closure structure integrally formed of a suitable stiff synthetic plastic such as polypropylene having its top wall in-dented to provide an internal pro~ection that is adapted to close the open end of the container neck when installed. Further to this ob~ect the pro~ection is surrounded at its base by an annular flat surface adapted to seat tightly in full surface direct engagement all around the upper edge of the opening in the container neck.
A further ob~ect of the invention i8 to provide a noveI con-tainer assembly consisting of a container and the foregoing closure wherein the closure is secured upon the container as by a speclally located threaded connection that pu116 the flat sealing surface of the closure tight upon the edee of the container neck~
It is a further ob~ect of the invention to provlde a novel generally cylindrical container closure havlng an indented top wall providing an internal cylindrical neck-closing pro;ection surrounded by an annular planar surface adapted to seat tightly upon the edge o~ the container neck and thereby coact with a correspondingly located external thread formed on the container neck ~ust below the edge of the dispensing opening.
, .. . .
120108~
Further novel features and other ob~ects of this lnvention will become apparent from the following detailed description~ dis-cussion and the appended claims taken in con~unction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING~
Fig. 1 is a side view showing a container closure cap according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, Fi~. 2 is a plan view lookin~ up into the interior of the closure of Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is an enlarged partial section showing coaction of the closure of Fig. 1 with the container nec~; and Fig. 5 is an illustrative side view showing a filled and closed container in its normal disposition after packaging for shipment .
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The invention provides a novel closure cap 11 for the container 12. The cap 11 may be integrally formed of polypropylene while the container may be integrally formed of polyvinylchloride. The con-tainer 12 may be blow molded from a suitable synthetic plastic and is preferably transparent so that the color of its contents may show.
The container 12 is of known shape and dimensions and, except for the location of the external threads on the container neck, may be essentially the same as used prior to the invention and shown in the Joshi et al. patent.
The container 12 comprises a body 13 havin~ a rounded edge through-opening that defines a handle 14 at one side of the top, and a reduced diameter cylindrical neck 15 that terminates in an open mouth surrounded by an annular axially facing flat smooth end sur-face 16 lying in a plane perpendicular to the axis A of the con-.~
talner neck. The inner surface 17 o~ the neck 15 is smooth andcylindrical~ and it intersects the end surface 16 in a circular line indicated at 18.
A substantially helical external thread 19 consisting of a single revolution with a slight overlap is integrally formed on the neck 15 adjacent the edge thereof ~ust downwardly o~ the mouth. A flat shoulder 21 lying in a plane parallel to surface 16 is provided at the ~uncture between the neck 15 and the body 13, and an external shallow finishing groove 22 is formed in the neck 15 JUst above the shoulder 21. This finishing groove is adapted to coact with a trimming apparatus (not shown) which cuts the end surface 16 and which has lying opposite it an internal continuous rib 23 which maintains wall thickness of the neck and gives it rigidity.
The cap 11 is symmetrical about an axis B and comprises a top wall 24 and a depending generally cylindrical side wall 25. The top wall is indented to form a central depressed relatively shallow recess 26 that exhibits an annular side wall 27 and a bottom wall 28. As shown, the walls 27 and 28 are of uniform thickness and substantially maintain the thickness of cap side wall 25.
The outer peripheral surface 29 of the recess side wall is smooth and preferably either cylindrical or with a slight downwardly converging conical taper. Thus there is provided within the cap a substantially cylindrical projection 30 which, as will appear, is adapted to fit snugly within the neck opening of the container 12.
The end portion 31 of the cap side wall 25 is, where it joins the cap top wall, of about the same thickness as walls 27 and 28 and uniformly surrounds the recess side wall and defines with the cap top wall and the recess side wall 27 an annular recess 32 which surrounds the projection and as will appear receives the end 30 of the contalner neck 15 when the cap is on the container.
.
~20~08~
The bottom of the recess 32 iB a smooth flat annular surface 33 that is planar, smooth and accurately disposed at right angles to the central axis B of the cap. The surface 33 extends around the base of the proaection 30 and perpendicularly intersects the surface 29.
A generally helical thread 34 is integrally formed inside the cap side wall 25 and extends from the recess 32 to the neck portion Or the cap. The thread 34 matches the container neck thread 19 and preferably extends for more than two revolutions as shown.
The outer surface 35 of the cap recess 26 is curved, and the inner surface 36 thereof is correspondingly curved intersecting the periphery 29 of the recess side wall in a circle as indlcated at 37. This provides a bowed, inverted dome central region for the cap top wall, whlch strengthens that wall against lateral collapse when the cap is screwed onto the container neck as will appear. The recess 32 thus surrounds the domed internal pro~ection 30 ln the cap.
The skirt portion of the cap side wall may, as indicated at 38, be thinner than the other portions of the cap because it is not sub~ected to appreciable stress when the cap is installed, thus permitting a savings in material. If desired, llght, stiffening ribs 43 may be provided to make the skirt somewhat more rigid. The outer side of the closure may be fluted as shown at 41 similarly to the closure cap ln Joshi et al.
In a cap having a diameter of about 1 3/4 inches and a side wall length of about 1 1/16 inches3 the depth of recess 32 may be about 1/4 inch.
The ^ontainer 12 is normally used to package a relatively heavy detergent powder such as that disclosed in said Joshi et al.
patent, and the cap 12 is employed as a measuring device since only small quantities of this detergent are required for normal washing machine loads.
"
lZ01087 For example the c~p here defined has a volume of 1/~ cup, so that two fillinæs will supply the normal 1/4 cup of this detergent usually used.
As the cap is placed over the container neck ~t is turned about its axis and engagement of the threads pulls the cap axially until the pro~ection 30 enters the open neck mouth and the surface 16 is in tight full surface engagement all around with the surface 33. The inherent flexibility of the plastic materials involved compensates for slight tolerances in molding whereby the projectio~
30 fits snugly and tightly with the neck surface 17 to provide a longitudinal seal 17, 29 that is substantially continuous with the axial seal 16, 33.
In addition the pro~ection 30 helps maintain the cylindrical shape of the container neck while the cap is being turned on the neck thread, and the assembly is increasingly tight.
By locating the screw thread connection near the outer end of the container neck and also where the cap wall thickness is greatest, a more efficient coupling of the cap with the container is secured.
By indenting the top wall of the closure the available internal volume of the closure for accurate dosage measurement may be accur-ately controlled, whlle preserving the height appearance of the cap relatlve to the container.
Thus in summary the advantages of the closure and assemb]y disclosed over that disclosed in said Joshi et al.patent are:
(1) An unlined cap is provided which exhibits a better seal with the container neck. In addition to the mechanical advantages, elimination of a liner reduces manufacturing time and other costs.
(2) The new structure provides a stronger closure of better external appearance and better holding of the closure on the con-tainer neck in the assembly.
~20108~
~20108~
(3) Cap damage during transit is practically eliminated. As shown in Figure 5 these detergent containers are shipped disposed upside down in cartons. Previously, when a carton was slammed down onto a rigid surface such as that at 42 in Figure 5, the impact could result in considerable breakage of prior designed caps. However, where in accordance with the invention, the end edge of the container neck is in solid abutment with the bottom wall of the cap as shown in Figure 4, a considerable reduction in cap damage has been observed under comparable circumstances.
(4) The new construction is so proportioned that it requires consider-ably less plastic material, thereby effecting an appreciable saving.
~ 5) By indenting the top wall of the cap, accurate control of the volumetric capacity thereof is attained while preserving the external appear-ance of the cap design. For example in the case of a known detergent, the volumetric capacity of the cap is 1/8 cup, and accuracy is important to avoid wasting expensive detergent.
~ 5) By indenting the top wall of the cap, accurate control of the volumetric capacity thereof is attained while preserving the external appear-ance of the cap design. For example in the case of a known detergent, the volumetric capacity of the cap is 1/8 cup, and accuracy is important to avoid wasting expensive detergent.
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A one-piece cup-shaped synthetic plastic container closure cap having a top wall and a depending side wall, said top wall being centrally indented to form an internal shallow projection having a cylindrical peri-phery surrounded at its base by an annular flat surface lying in a plane at right angles to the periphery of the projection, and internal thread means on the inner periphery of said side wall.
2. The closure cap defined in Claim 1 wherein said thread means is adjacent said projection.
3. An integral synthetic plastic closure cap for a container having an open annular neck, said cap being cup-shaped and having a top wall with an annular side wall extending from the outer periphery of said top wall, means providing an indented depressed region centrally of said top wall forming with an adjacently surrounding region of said side wall an annular recess for receiving the open end of said neck, said annular recess having a flat bottom adapted to receive in direct full surface abutment the axially facing end edge of said open neck, said depressed region of the cap providing a projection adapted to extend within the open end of the container neck to fit within the inner periphery of said neck, internal thread means within the cap side wall located adjacent but longitudinally downwardly from said annular recess and adapted to coact with interfitting corresponding external thread means around the neck, said parts being so constructed and arranged that when said cap is placed over said neck and screwed on tight said projection will close the neck opening and the end edge of said neck will be in solid abutment with the flat bottom of said annular cap recess.
4. The closure cap defined in Claim 3, wherein said projection pro-vides within said recess a substantially cylindrical surface that intersects the flat bottom of said recess substantially perpendicularly.
5. The closure cap defined in Claim 3, wherein said bottom wall and the region of said side wall that surrounds said recess and bears said thread means are of substantially uniform thickness.
6. A container assembly comprising a container having an open generally cylindrical neck having a flat end edge and external thread means adjacent the open end of said neck, an integral cup-shaped cap having a top wall with an annular side wall extending from the outer periphery of said top wall, means providing an indented depressed region centrally of said top wall and forming with the adjacently surrounding region of said side wall an annular recess receiving the open end of said container neck, said annular recess having a flat bottom in direct full surface abutment with the axially facing end edge of said open neck, said depressed region of the cap providing a projection extending snugly within the open end of the container neck to tightly fit with the inner periphery of said neck, internal thread means within the cap side wall located adjacent and downwardly from said annular recess and adapted to coact with said external thread means around the neck, said parts being so constructed and arranged that when said cap is placed over said neck and screwed on tight said projection closes the open end of said neck, the end edge of said neck is in solid abutment with the flat bottom of said annular cap recess and the region of contact between the periphery of said projection and the internal periphery of said neck intersects substantially at right angles the region of contact between said end edge of said neck and the bottom surface of said recess.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US32187981A | 1981-11-16 | 1981-11-16 | |
| US321,879 | 1981-11-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1201087A true CA1201087A (en) | 1986-02-25 |
Family
ID=23252428
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000415553A Expired CA1201087A (en) | 1981-11-16 | 1982-11-15 | Container closure and assembly |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (3) | AU9049782A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1201087A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH662542A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3241421A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK504482A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2516479B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2109354B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1148463B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX158205A (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ202411A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA828115B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2600043B1 (en) * | 1986-06-17 | 1989-04-21 | Astra Plastique | WATERPROOF SCREW CAP FOR CONTAINER THREADED NECK. |
| FR2744425B1 (en) * | 1996-02-06 | 1998-02-27 | Lorraine Capsules Metall | CONTAINER FOR PLASTIC LIQUID PRODUCED BY EXTRUSION-BLOWING AND MANUFACTURING METHOD |
| US6431381B1 (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2002-08-13 | Seaquist Closures Foreign, Inc. | Positive orientation systems for closures and containers |
| US20120324655A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2012-12-27 | Nalini Chawla | Product for pre-treatment and laundering of stained fabric |
| WO2014029525A1 (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-02-27 | Obrist Closures Switzerland Gmbh | A closure |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE7141805U (en) * | 1972-02-10 | Beier & Boettcher Gmbh & Co Kg | Plastic canister screw cap | |
| GB695865A (en) * | 1950-01-06 | 1953-08-19 | Bernard Strong | Improvements in or relating to closure caps for containers |
| GB900834A (en) * | 1958-11-17 | 1962-07-11 | Golde Erich | Screw-type bottle-closure with locking device |
| GB1032735A (en) * | 1963-11-12 | 1966-06-15 | Imre Goth | Improvement in cap sealing of containers |
| FR2270604B1 (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1976-12-17 | France Etat | |
| CH577919A5 (en) * | 1975-02-28 | 1976-07-30 | Wiedmer Walter Plastikform | |
| CH586141A5 (en) * | 1975-09-19 | 1977-03-31 | Wiedmer Walter Plastikform | |
| US4037748A (en) * | 1976-02-05 | 1977-07-26 | Rigid-Pak Corporation | Container and closure |
| US4269722A (en) * | 1976-09-29 | 1981-05-26 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Bottled particulate detergent |
| US4291813A (en) * | 1978-02-17 | 1981-09-29 | Buckeye Molding Company | Containers and closures |
-
1982
- 1982-11-04 ZA ZA828115A patent/ZA828115B/en unknown
- 1982-11-05 NZ NZ202411A patent/NZ202411A/en unknown
- 1982-11-09 DE DE19823241421 patent/DE3241421A1/en active Granted
- 1982-11-12 MX MX195172A patent/MX158205A/en unknown
- 1982-11-12 DK DK504482A patent/DK504482A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-11-15 GB GB08232532A patent/GB2109354B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-15 CA CA000415553A patent/CA1201087A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-16 FR FR8219145A patent/FR2516479B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-16 CH CH6683/82A patent/CH662542A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-11-16 AU AU90497/82A patent/AU9049782A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1982-11-16 IT IT49501/82A patent/IT1148463B/en active
-
1987
- 1987-08-21 AU AU77336/87A patent/AU7733687A/en not_active Abandoned
-
1991
- 1991-04-05 AU AU74138/91A patent/AU652146B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2109354A (en) | 1983-06-02 |
| FR2516479A1 (en) | 1983-05-20 |
| AU652146B2 (en) | 1994-08-18 |
| AU7733687A (en) | 1987-12-17 |
| IT1148463B (en) | 1986-12-03 |
| IT8249501A0 (en) | 1982-11-16 |
| FR2516479B1 (en) | 1987-08-07 |
| CH662542A5 (en) | 1987-10-15 |
| GB2109354B (en) | 1985-10-16 |
| NZ202411A (en) | 1985-09-13 |
| DK504482A (en) | 1983-05-17 |
| AU9049782A (en) | 1983-05-26 |
| MX158205A (en) | 1989-01-16 |
| AU7413891A (en) | 1991-06-27 |
| ZA828115B (en) | 1984-06-27 |
| DE3241421C2 (en) | 1992-07-23 |
| DE3241421A1 (en) | 1983-05-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |
