CA2700958C - Pulse stimulation tool and method of use - Google Patents
Pulse stimulation tool and method of use Download PDFInfo
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- CA2700958C CA2700958C CA2700958A CA2700958A CA2700958C CA 2700958 C CA2700958 C CA 2700958C CA 2700958 A CA2700958 A CA 2700958A CA 2700958 A CA2700958 A CA 2700958A CA 2700958 C CA2700958 C CA 2700958C
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- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/003—Vibrating earth formations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B28/00—Vibration generating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for stimulating production
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
Abstract
A downhole pulse stimulation tool for use within a production or injection string including a tubing string, a rotating or reciprocating rod string and a downhole pump. The tool is formed by a resonance chamber defined by a cylindrical outer tubular member connected to the tubing string and having pulse emitting openings, a pulse generator rotatably disposed within the resonance chamber having longitudinal channels and defining pulse generating openings, wherein the pulse generating openings periodically align with the pulse emitting openings as the pulse generator rotates or reciprocates within the resonance chamber.
Description
PULSE STIMULATION TOOL AND METHOD OF USE
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a pulse stimulation tool for downhole application and their use to enhance production of oil and gas wells.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a pulse stimulation tool for downhole application and their use to enhance production of oil and gas wells.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Within a petroleum producing well, the production string forms the primary conduit through which production fluids (liquids, gases, or any fluid produced from a wellbore) are produced to the surface. The production string is typically assembled with production tubing and completion components in a configuration that suits the wellbore conditions and the production method. Oil and gas wells typically vary from a few hundred to several thousand feet in depth, and there is often insufficient formation pressure to cause the flow of production fluids through the production string to the surface.
[0003] Several prior art systems involving different pumping and extraction devices have been developed for the surface transfer of production fluids from a well. Downhole hydraulic pumps installed deep within the well are commonly used. A surface hydraulic pump pressurizes power oil which drives the downhole pump. When a single production string is used, the power oil is pumped down the tubing and a mixture of the formation crude oil and power oil are produced through the annulus between the casing and the tubing. If two adjacent production strings are used, the power oil is pumped through one of the pipes, and the mixture of formation crude oil and power oil are produced in the other, parallel pipe.
[0004] Prior art artificial lift systems include for example, the progressive cavity pump and plunger lift, both of which may be installed on jointed or continuous rods;
electric submersible pumps (ESPs); gear pumps which may be installed on tubing and powered by downhole electric or hydraulic motors; and venturi lift pumps which are run on coiled tubing but is not a total production system.
electric submersible pumps (ESPs); gear pumps which may be installed on tubing and powered by downhole electric or hydraulic motors; and venturi lift pumps which are run on coiled tubing but is not a total production system.
[0005] It is known that pressure pulses can enhance the flow rate of fluids and mixtures of fluids and solids from producing formations, therefore, there is a need in the art for downhole apparatuses which can produce pressure pulses in order to enhance production rates.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] The present invention is directed to a downhole pulse stimulation tool.
In one aspect, the invention may comprise a tool for use within a production or injection string including a tubing string, a rod string and a downhole pump, the tool comprising:
(a) a resonance chamber defined by a cylindrical outer tubular member defining at least one pulse emitting opening, the outer tubular member connecting to the tubing string;
(b) a pulse generator rotatably disposed within the resonance chamber, the pulse generator having a longitudinal channel and defining a least one pulse generating opening, wherein the at least one pulse generating opening periodically aligns with the pulse emitting opening as the pulse generator rotates with the resonance chamber to provide fluid communication from the longitudinal channel to outside the outer tubular member;
(c) wherein the pulse generator is directly or indirectly rotated by the rod string.
In one aspect, the invention may comprise a tool for use within a production or injection string including a tubing string, a rod string and a downhole pump, the tool comprising:
(a) a resonance chamber defined by a cylindrical outer tubular member defining at least one pulse emitting opening, the outer tubular member connecting to the tubing string;
(b) a pulse generator rotatably disposed within the resonance chamber, the pulse generator having a longitudinal channel and defining a least one pulse generating opening, wherein the at least one pulse generating opening periodically aligns with the pulse emitting opening as the pulse generator rotates with the resonance chamber to provide fluid communication from the longitudinal channel to outside the outer tubular member;
(c) wherein the pulse generator is directly or indirectly rotated by the rod string.
[0007] In another aspect, the invention may comprise a downhole pulse stimulation tool for use within a production or injection string including a tubing string, a reciprocating rod string and downhole pump, the tool comprising:
(a) a resonance chamber defined by a cylindrical outer tubular member defining at least one pulse emitting opening, the outer tubular member connecting to the tubing string;
(b) a pulse generator slidingly disposed within the resonance chamber, the pulse generator having a central bore and defining a least one pulse generating opening, wherein the at least one pulse generating opening periodically aligns with the pulse emitting opening as the pulse' generator reciprocates with the resonance chamber to provide fluid communication between the central bore and the exterior of the outer tubular member;
(c) = wherein the pulse generator is directly or indirectly reciprocated by the rod string.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(a) a resonance chamber defined by a cylindrical outer tubular member defining at least one pulse emitting opening, the outer tubular member connecting to the tubing string;
(b) a pulse generator slidingly disposed within the resonance chamber, the pulse generator having a central bore and defining a least one pulse generating opening, wherein the at least one pulse generating opening periodically aligns with the pulse emitting opening as the pulse' generator reciprocates with the resonance chamber to provide fluid communication between the central bore and the exterior of the outer tubular member;
(c) = wherein the pulse generator is directly or indirectly reciprocated by the rod string.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] The invention will now be described by way of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying simplified, diagrammatic, not-to-scale drawings.
[0009] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a pump system incorporating one embodiment of the present invention.
[0010] Figure 2A is a cage line view of one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 2B is a side view; Figure 2C is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of Figure 2B; Figure 2D is an end view;
and Figure 2E is a detail view of Figure 2D. Figure 2F shows a longitudinal cross-section of one embodiment of the invention.
100011 Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a dual pump system, where a lower inverted pump drives a pressure emitting tool at the bottom of the tool string.
[00021 Figure 4A is a cage line view of one embodiment having a cruciform slot channel pattern, which may be used below an inverted pump. Figure 4B is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of this embodiment.
[0003] Figure 5 is a diagrammatic representation of a pulse generator having helical channels.
[00041 Figure 6A is a cage line view of one embodiment showing helical channels in a pulse generator. Figure 6B is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of Fig. 6A.
[00051 Figure 7 is a schematic view of the embodiment of Figures 5 and 6 in an injection well.
100061 Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment, adapted for use with a reciprocating rod string and pump.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention provides for a downhole pulse stimulation tool.
When describing the present invention, all terms not defined herein have their common art-recognized meanings.
To the extent that the following description is of a specific embodiment or a particular use of the invention, it is intended to be illustrative only, and not limiting of the claimed invention. The following description is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents that are included in the invention, as defined in the appended claims.
"Horizontal" means a plane that is substantially parallel to the plane of the horizon. "Vertical"
means a plane that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. One skilled in the art will recognize that wellbores may not be strictly vertical or horizontal, and may be slanted or curved in various configurations. As used herein, the term "longtudinal" means aligned with the axis of the wellbore, while "transverse" means a plane which is substantially perpendicular or at an angle to the longitudinal axis.
[0019] In one embodiment, the invention comprises a downhole pulse stimulation tool for use within a production string including a tubing string (T), a rod string (R) and a downhole pump (P). In this embodiment, the tool is placed above the pump. Embodiments of the tool may be adapted for use with a progressive cavity pump, a reciprocating pump, an electric submersible pump, or other artificial lift solutions.
[0020] The tool (10) comprises a resonance chamber (12) and a pulse generator (14). The resonance chamber (12) comprises a housing which forms part of the tubing string (T) and defines at least one pulse emitting opening (16). The pulse generator (14) is disposed within the tubing string (T) and moves within the resonance chamber (12). The pulse generator (14) defines at least one pulse generating opening (18) which periodically aligns with the pulse emitting opening (16) as the pulse generator moves within the resonance chamber (12) housing.
[0021] In one embodiment, shown in Figures 2A-2E, the resonance chamber is defined by a hollow cylindrical outer tubular member (12) which defines a pair of pulse emitting openings (16), disposed opposite each other. The pulse generator (14) comprises a generally cylindrical member which fits within the resonance chamber (12) and rotates within the resonance chamber.
In one embodiment, the inner profile of the resonance chamber may define a seat (20) which may be tapered, which retains the pulse generator. The pulse generator may also have an outside taper which may match the inside taper of the pulse generator (14), as shown in Figure 2C. If used, the seat (20) prevents downward movement of the pulse generator within the resonance chamber. Alternatively, the inner profile of the resonance chamber and the outer profile of the pulse generator may be straight and parallel the longtudinal axis of the outer tubular member (12).
[0022] As shown in Figure 2D, the pulse generator (14) defines a plurality of longitudinal channels (22), substantially parallel to, and arrayed around, the axis of rotation. The pulse generating opening (18) opens into one of the longitudinal channels (22). In one embodiment, the pulse generator is installed in a progressive cavity pump system, and is directly attached to a rotating rod string, preferably by a threaded attachedment. An actuator (not shown) attaches below the pulse generator and attaches to a pump rotor. Thus the rod string rotatingly drives both the pulse generator and the pump rotor at the same speed.
[0023] As the pump (P) is rotated, fluid is displaced upward into the tubing string (T) through the pulse generator. The pumped fluid passes through the longitudinal channels, at the same time the pulse generator rotates within the resonance chamber. The pulse generating opening (18) periodically aligns with the pulse emitting opening (16) as the pulse generator rotates. The fluid within the pulse generator is at a higher pressure than outside the tubing string due to the pump action. As a result, a pulse of fluid pressure is emitted outward from the resonance chamber and into the fluid in the annular space surrounding the tubing string.
The frequence of the pulses depends on the number of pulse generating and emitting openings, and the speed of rotation of the pulse generator. The amplitude of the pulses depends on the pressure differential between the pressure within the tubing string, and in the formation.
[0024] In one embodiment, there are multiple longitudinal channels, at least one of which defines a pulse generating opening. If there are two pulse emitting openings in the resonance chamber, two pressure pulses will be emitted every rotation of the pulse generator. In one embodiment, there are five longitudinal channels, with one pulse generating opening, and two pulse emitting openings.
[0025] The pulse generator may be directly connected to the rod string by a threaded connection to a central connection. Alternatively, an adaptor or other suitable connection mechanism can be used in an indirect connection.
[0026] In an alternative embodiment, schematically illustrated in Figure 3, the pulse stimulation tool (100) is placed below the pump (P). A slotted sub (110) is attached below the pump and provides a fluid intake for the pump as well as the tool (100). A secondary pump (112) is inverted below the slotted sub (110) and pumps fluid downward into the tool (100). The pulse generator (114) rotates within the resonance chamber (116) housing (117) by means of rod (102), which is driven by an extension of the main pump (P). In one embodiment, the pulse generator (114) defines channels which are elongate slots (118) arranged in a cruciform pattern, as shown in Figure 4. At least one, and preferably all four of the channels (118) defines a pulse generating opening (120), and the resonance chamber housing (117) defines at least one, and preferably four pulse emitting openings (122), positioned equidistant around the periphery of the resonance chamber. Thus, in one embodiment, a pressure pulse is simultaneously emitted from all four openings every 90 rotation of the pulse generator.
[0027] In one embodiment, a secondary outlet is formed by a bottom plate (124)) which has a cruciform slot pattern (126) which matches the channel (118) pattern in the pulse generator and also defines at least one secondary pulse emitting openings (128) which open downwards through the bottom plate. Alternatively, the secondary openings (128) may open laterally. The secondary outlet bottom plate (124) may be then mounted stationary and flush against the bottom of the pulse generator, oriented such that the cruciform slots (126) align when the pulse emitting and generating openings are aligned. Thus, pressure from the resonance chamber is pulsed periodically from the pulse emitting openings (122) and from the secondary openings (128) simultaneously. As shown in Figure 3, pressure pulses are thereby fired sideways and downward into the formation.
[0028] In another alternative embodiment, the pulse generator is not directly rotated by the rod string or pump, but rather is rotated by the movement of fluid through the pulse generator. The pulse generator (210) rotates on an axle (212) within the resonance chamber housing (201).
[0029] In one example, shown schematically in Figures 5 and 6A and 6B, longitudinal channels (214) are curved within the pulse generator, such that fluid which passes through the pulse generator under pressure, causes rotation of the pulse generator about axle (212). In one embodiment, the curved channels (214) are helically disposed about the axis of rotation. At least one of the curved channels has a pulse generating opening (216). In one embodiment, the pulse generator defines an upper pulse generating opening (216A) and a lower pulse generating opening (216B), and preferably both the upper and lower pulse generating openings open into the same helical channel (214).
[0030] The pitch of the helical channels may be varied. In one embodiment, each channel makes at least one rotation within the pulse generator. If upper and lower pulse generating openings are provided, the two openings may then be substantially aligned longitudinally on the resonance chamber housing (201).
[0031] The resonance chamber may define at least one pair of upper and lower pulse emitting openings (218), and preferably two pairs of pulse emitting openings (218) are provided, as shown in Figure 6. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, if one pair of pulse generating openings (216) are provided, which periodically align with two pairs of pulse emitting openings (218), then each rotation of the pulse generator (210) will generate two sequential pulses, each pulse comprising a simultaneous pulse from each of the upper and lower openings (218).
[0032] In one embodiment, the helical pulse generator (210) may be deployed below a progressive cavity pump or an electric submersible pump, but above the pump intake. The pulse generator will be rotated by the fluid being sucked into the pump. The amplitude of the pulses emitted may be smaller due to the reduced fluid pressure caused by the pump suction.
[0033] In one embodiment, the helical pulse generator (210) may be deployed within a injection well, as shown schematically in Figure 7. The injection fluid (IF) will create the rotational motion of the pulse generator as it passes through the device, and will generate periodic fluid pressure pulses as described above. A small portion of the injection fluid will thus escape through the pulse emitting openings (218) out into the annular space in the injection well.
[0034] Embodiments of the present invention may also be adapted for use with a reciprocating rod string and downhole pump. Reciprocating downhole pumps are conventional and well-known in the industry.
[0035] In one embodiment, the tool (300) may comprise a resonance chamber (312) defined by a cylindrical outer tubular member (301) defining at least one pulse emitting opening (302), the outer tubular member (301) connecting to the tubing string as described above.
Preferably, there are four pulse emitting openings, each on the same transverse plane, and positioned equidistant about the periphery of the resonance chamber (312).
[0036] The pulse generator (310) is slidingly disposed within the resonance chamber and is attached the rod string by means of a rod connector (303), which has a number of openings permitting fluid flow upwards into the tubing string. The pulse generator (310) defines a number of pulse generating openings (314). In one embodiment, the number of pulse generating openings (314) matches the number of pulse emitting openings (302), and are longitudinally aligned with the pulse emitting opening(s). Therefore, as the pulse generator (310) reciprocates with the rod string, the pulse generating openings (314) periodically align in the same transverse plane with the pulse emitting openings (302), once on the upstroke and once on the downstroke.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the upstroke pressure pulse will be stronger than the downstroke pulse, because of the higher pressure differential caused by the upstroke.
[0037] In one embodiment, the production of fluids may be enhanced by the use of chemical additives injected downhole.
[0038] As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, various modifications, adaptations and variations of the foregoing specific disclosure can be made without departing from the scope of the invention claimed herein.
Figure 2B is a side view; Figure 2C is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of Figure 2B; Figure 2D is an end view;
and Figure 2E is a detail view of Figure 2D. Figure 2F shows a longitudinal cross-section of one embodiment of the invention.
100011 Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a dual pump system, where a lower inverted pump drives a pressure emitting tool at the bottom of the tool string.
[00021 Figure 4A is a cage line view of one embodiment having a cruciform slot channel pattern, which may be used below an inverted pump. Figure 4B is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of this embodiment.
[0003] Figure 5 is a diagrammatic representation of a pulse generator having helical channels.
[00041 Figure 6A is a cage line view of one embodiment showing helical channels in a pulse generator. Figure 6B is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of Fig. 6A.
[00051 Figure 7 is a schematic view of the embodiment of Figures 5 and 6 in an injection well.
100061 Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment, adapted for use with a reciprocating rod string and pump.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention provides for a downhole pulse stimulation tool.
When describing the present invention, all terms not defined herein have their common art-recognized meanings.
To the extent that the following description is of a specific embodiment or a particular use of the invention, it is intended to be illustrative only, and not limiting of the claimed invention. The following description is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents that are included in the invention, as defined in the appended claims.
"Horizontal" means a plane that is substantially parallel to the plane of the horizon. "Vertical"
means a plane that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. One skilled in the art will recognize that wellbores may not be strictly vertical or horizontal, and may be slanted or curved in various configurations. As used herein, the term "longtudinal" means aligned with the axis of the wellbore, while "transverse" means a plane which is substantially perpendicular or at an angle to the longitudinal axis.
[0019] In one embodiment, the invention comprises a downhole pulse stimulation tool for use within a production string including a tubing string (T), a rod string (R) and a downhole pump (P). In this embodiment, the tool is placed above the pump. Embodiments of the tool may be adapted for use with a progressive cavity pump, a reciprocating pump, an electric submersible pump, or other artificial lift solutions.
[0020] The tool (10) comprises a resonance chamber (12) and a pulse generator (14). The resonance chamber (12) comprises a housing which forms part of the tubing string (T) and defines at least one pulse emitting opening (16). The pulse generator (14) is disposed within the tubing string (T) and moves within the resonance chamber (12). The pulse generator (14) defines at least one pulse generating opening (18) which periodically aligns with the pulse emitting opening (16) as the pulse generator moves within the resonance chamber (12) housing.
[0021] In one embodiment, shown in Figures 2A-2E, the resonance chamber is defined by a hollow cylindrical outer tubular member (12) which defines a pair of pulse emitting openings (16), disposed opposite each other. The pulse generator (14) comprises a generally cylindrical member which fits within the resonance chamber (12) and rotates within the resonance chamber.
In one embodiment, the inner profile of the resonance chamber may define a seat (20) which may be tapered, which retains the pulse generator. The pulse generator may also have an outside taper which may match the inside taper of the pulse generator (14), as shown in Figure 2C. If used, the seat (20) prevents downward movement of the pulse generator within the resonance chamber. Alternatively, the inner profile of the resonance chamber and the outer profile of the pulse generator may be straight and parallel the longtudinal axis of the outer tubular member (12).
[0022] As shown in Figure 2D, the pulse generator (14) defines a plurality of longitudinal channels (22), substantially parallel to, and arrayed around, the axis of rotation. The pulse generating opening (18) opens into one of the longitudinal channels (22). In one embodiment, the pulse generator is installed in a progressive cavity pump system, and is directly attached to a rotating rod string, preferably by a threaded attachedment. An actuator (not shown) attaches below the pulse generator and attaches to a pump rotor. Thus the rod string rotatingly drives both the pulse generator and the pump rotor at the same speed.
[0023] As the pump (P) is rotated, fluid is displaced upward into the tubing string (T) through the pulse generator. The pumped fluid passes through the longitudinal channels, at the same time the pulse generator rotates within the resonance chamber. The pulse generating opening (18) periodically aligns with the pulse emitting opening (16) as the pulse generator rotates. The fluid within the pulse generator is at a higher pressure than outside the tubing string due to the pump action. As a result, a pulse of fluid pressure is emitted outward from the resonance chamber and into the fluid in the annular space surrounding the tubing string.
The frequence of the pulses depends on the number of pulse generating and emitting openings, and the speed of rotation of the pulse generator. The amplitude of the pulses depends on the pressure differential between the pressure within the tubing string, and in the formation.
[0024] In one embodiment, there are multiple longitudinal channels, at least one of which defines a pulse generating opening. If there are two pulse emitting openings in the resonance chamber, two pressure pulses will be emitted every rotation of the pulse generator. In one embodiment, there are five longitudinal channels, with one pulse generating opening, and two pulse emitting openings.
[0025] The pulse generator may be directly connected to the rod string by a threaded connection to a central connection. Alternatively, an adaptor or other suitable connection mechanism can be used in an indirect connection.
[0026] In an alternative embodiment, schematically illustrated in Figure 3, the pulse stimulation tool (100) is placed below the pump (P). A slotted sub (110) is attached below the pump and provides a fluid intake for the pump as well as the tool (100). A secondary pump (112) is inverted below the slotted sub (110) and pumps fluid downward into the tool (100). The pulse generator (114) rotates within the resonance chamber (116) housing (117) by means of rod (102), which is driven by an extension of the main pump (P). In one embodiment, the pulse generator (114) defines channels which are elongate slots (118) arranged in a cruciform pattern, as shown in Figure 4. At least one, and preferably all four of the channels (118) defines a pulse generating opening (120), and the resonance chamber housing (117) defines at least one, and preferably four pulse emitting openings (122), positioned equidistant around the periphery of the resonance chamber. Thus, in one embodiment, a pressure pulse is simultaneously emitted from all four openings every 90 rotation of the pulse generator.
[0027] In one embodiment, a secondary outlet is formed by a bottom plate (124)) which has a cruciform slot pattern (126) which matches the channel (118) pattern in the pulse generator and also defines at least one secondary pulse emitting openings (128) which open downwards through the bottom plate. Alternatively, the secondary openings (128) may open laterally. The secondary outlet bottom plate (124) may be then mounted stationary and flush against the bottom of the pulse generator, oriented such that the cruciform slots (126) align when the pulse emitting and generating openings are aligned. Thus, pressure from the resonance chamber is pulsed periodically from the pulse emitting openings (122) and from the secondary openings (128) simultaneously. As shown in Figure 3, pressure pulses are thereby fired sideways and downward into the formation.
[0028] In another alternative embodiment, the pulse generator is not directly rotated by the rod string or pump, but rather is rotated by the movement of fluid through the pulse generator. The pulse generator (210) rotates on an axle (212) within the resonance chamber housing (201).
[0029] In one example, shown schematically in Figures 5 and 6A and 6B, longitudinal channels (214) are curved within the pulse generator, such that fluid which passes through the pulse generator under pressure, causes rotation of the pulse generator about axle (212). In one embodiment, the curved channels (214) are helically disposed about the axis of rotation. At least one of the curved channels has a pulse generating opening (216). In one embodiment, the pulse generator defines an upper pulse generating opening (216A) and a lower pulse generating opening (216B), and preferably both the upper and lower pulse generating openings open into the same helical channel (214).
[0030] The pitch of the helical channels may be varied. In one embodiment, each channel makes at least one rotation within the pulse generator. If upper and lower pulse generating openings are provided, the two openings may then be substantially aligned longitudinally on the resonance chamber housing (201).
[0031] The resonance chamber may define at least one pair of upper and lower pulse emitting openings (218), and preferably two pairs of pulse emitting openings (218) are provided, as shown in Figure 6. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, if one pair of pulse generating openings (216) are provided, which periodically align with two pairs of pulse emitting openings (218), then each rotation of the pulse generator (210) will generate two sequential pulses, each pulse comprising a simultaneous pulse from each of the upper and lower openings (218).
[0032] In one embodiment, the helical pulse generator (210) may be deployed below a progressive cavity pump or an electric submersible pump, but above the pump intake. The pulse generator will be rotated by the fluid being sucked into the pump. The amplitude of the pulses emitted may be smaller due to the reduced fluid pressure caused by the pump suction.
[0033] In one embodiment, the helical pulse generator (210) may be deployed within a injection well, as shown schematically in Figure 7. The injection fluid (IF) will create the rotational motion of the pulse generator as it passes through the device, and will generate periodic fluid pressure pulses as described above. A small portion of the injection fluid will thus escape through the pulse emitting openings (218) out into the annular space in the injection well.
[0034] Embodiments of the present invention may also be adapted for use with a reciprocating rod string and downhole pump. Reciprocating downhole pumps are conventional and well-known in the industry.
[0035] In one embodiment, the tool (300) may comprise a resonance chamber (312) defined by a cylindrical outer tubular member (301) defining at least one pulse emitting opening (302), the outer tubular member (301) connecting to the tubing string as described above.
Preferably, there are four pulse emitting openings, each on the same transverse plane, and positioned equidistant about the periphery of the resonance chamber (312).
[0036] The pulse generator (310) is slidingly disposed within the resonance chamber and is attached the rod string by means of a rod connector (303), which has a number of openings permitting fluid flow upwards into the tubing string. The pulse generator (310) defines a number of pulse generating openings (314). In one embodiment, the number of pulse generating openings (314) matches the number of pulse emitting openings (302), and are longitudinally aligned with the pulse emitting opening(s). Therefore, as the pulse generator (310) reciprocates with the rod string, the pulse generating openings (314) periodically align in the same transverse plane with the pulse emitting openings (302), once on the upstroke and once on the downstroke.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the upstroke pressure pulse will be stronger than the downstroke pulse, because of the higher pressure differential caused by the upstroke.
[0037] In one embodiment, the production of fluids may be enhanced by the use of chemical additives injected downhole.
[0038] As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, various modifications, adaptations and variations of the foregoing specific disclosure can be made without departing from the scope of the invention claimed herein.
Claims (12)
1. A downhole pulse stimulation tool for use within a production or injection string including a tubing string, a rotating rod string and a downhole pump, the tool comprising:
(a) a resonance chamber defined by a cylindrical outer tubular member defining at least one pulse emitting opening, the outer tubular member connecting to the tubing string;
(b) a pulse generator rotatably disposed within the resonance chamber, the pulse generator having at least two longitudinal channels, and defining at least one pulse generating opening which opens into one of the longitudinal channels, wherein the at least one pulse generating opening periodically aligns with the pulse emitting opening as the pulse generator rotates with the resonance chamber to provide fluid communication from the longitudinal channel to outside the outer tubular member; and (c) means for rotating the pulse generator.
(a) a resonance chamber defined by a cylindrical outer tubular member defining at least one pulse emitting opening, the outer tubular member connecting to the tubing string;
(b) a pulse generator rotatably disposed within the resonance chamber, the pulse generator having at least two longitudinal channels, and defining at least one pulse generating opening which opens into one of the longitudinal channels, wherein the at least one pulse generating opening periodically aligns with the pulse emitting opening as the pulse generator rotates with the resonance chamber to provide fluid communication from the longitudinal channel to outside the outer tubular member; and (c) means for rotating the pulse generator.
2. The tool of claim 1 wherein the least two longitudinal channels are substantially parallel to the axis of rotation.
3. The tool of claim 2 wherein the pulse generator defines five or more longitudinal channels.
4. The tool of claim 2 wherein the pulse generator is directly rotated by the rod string.
5. The tool of claim 1 wherein the pulse generator comprises a plurality of curved channels, wherein fluid flow through the curved channels causes rotation of the pulse generator.
6. The tool of claim 5 wherein the plurality of curved channels are helically disposed about the axis of rotation.
7. The tool of claim 6 wherein the pulse generator defines an upper pulse generating opening and a lower pulse generating opening, wherein both the upper and lower pulse generating openings open into the same helical channel.
8. The tool of claim 6 wherein the plurality of helical channels make substantially one or more rotations about the axis of rotation.
9. The tool of claim 2 wherein the longitudinal channels comprise slots extending radially outward from a central portion to a periphery of the pulse generator.
10. The tool of claim 9 wherein the slots are configured in a cruciform configuration,
11. The tool of claim 9 further comprising a secondary outlet comprising a bottom plate defining openings which come into and out of alignment with the slots as the pulse generator rotates.
12. A downhole pulse stimulation tool for use within a production or injection string, the tool comprising:
(a) a resonance chamber defined by a cylindrical outer tubular member defining at least one pulse emitting opening, the outer tubular member connecting to the tubing string;
(b) a pulse generator rotatably disposed within the resonance chamber, the pulse generator having a plurality of channels which are helically disposed about the axis of rotation, and defining at least one pulse generating opening which opens into one of the helical channels, wherein the at least one pulse generating opening periodically aligns with the pulse emitting opening as the pulse generator rotates with the resonance chamber to provide fluid communication from the longitudinal channel to outside the outer tubular member;
(c) wherein the pulse generator is rotated by fluid flow through the pulse generator,
(a) a resonance chamber defined by a cylindrical outer tubular member defining at least one pulse emitting opening, the outer tubular member connecting to the tubing string;
(b) a pulse generator rotatably disposed within the resonance chamber, the pulse generator having a plurality of channels which are helically disposed about the axis of rotation, and defining at least one pulse generating opening which opens into one of the helical channels, wherein the at least one pulse generating opening periodically aligns with the pulse emitting opening as the pulse generator rotates with the resonance chamber to provide fluid communication from the longitudinal channel to outside the outer tubular member;
(c) wherein the pulse generator is rotated by fluid flow through the pulse generator,
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US16993109P | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | |
| US61/169,931 | 2009-04-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2700958A1 CA2700958A1 (en) | 2010-10-16 |
| CA2700958C true CA2700958C (en) | 2013-11-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2700958A Active CA2700958C (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2010-04-16 | Pulse stimulation tool and method of use |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100290313A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2700958C (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3098378A1 (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2016-11-30 | Extra Gas and Oil Solutions GmbH | Method for recovery of oil and/or gas |
| US10704938B2 (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2020-07-07 | Hydroacoustics, Inc. | Pumpjack production well including fluid sensor having 2-dimensional venturi and capacitive flow sensor |
| US11906336B2 (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2024-02-20 | Hydroacoustics Inc. | Pumpjack production well including venturi fluid sensor and capacitive flow sensor |
| US11821293B2 (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2023-11-21 | Hydroacoustics. Inc. | Oil recovery tool and system |
| US12173587B2 (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2024-12-24 | Hydroacoustics Inc. | Oil recovery tool and system |
| EA202091880A1 (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2020-10-26 | Хайдроакустикс Инк. | DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR OIL PRODUCTION |
| EP4077875A4 (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-11-08 | Services Pétroliers Schlumberger | System and method for creating pressure waves in a well |
| CN112647915A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-13 | 长江大学 | Screw-driven piston type hydraulic pulse excitation tool |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1217759A (en) * | 1983-07-08 | 1987-02-10 | Intech Oil Tools Ltd. | Drilling equipment |
| US7320370B2 (en) * | 2003-09-17 | 2008-01-22 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Automatic downlink system |
| US7735579B2 (en) * | 2005-09-12 | 2010-06-15 | Teledrift, Inc. | Measurement while drilling apparatus and method of using the same |
| US7719439B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2010-05-18 | Newsco Directional And Horizontal Drilling Services Inc. | Rotary pulser |
| US8113278B2 (en) * | 2008-02-11 | 2012-02-14 | Hydroacoustics Inc. | System and method for enhanced oil recovery using an in-situ seismic energy generator |
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2010
- 2010-04-16 CA CA2700958A patent/CA2700958C/en active Active
- 2010-04-16 US US12/761,969 patent/US20100290313A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2700958A1 (en) | 2010-10-16 |
| US20100290313A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
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