DE2436575A1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING PRE-FABRICATED PANELS AND FOR MANUFACTURING A STRUCTURE FROM SUCH PANELS - Google Patents

Description

PATENT REQUESTS

DipL-lng. P. WIR T H · Dr. V. S C H M ί E D - K O VVA R ZIK Dipl.-Ing. G. DAN N EN BERG Dr. P. WE! N HOLD Dr. D. GUDEL

281134 6 FRANKFURT AM MAIN

TELEPHONE ^jGn) _2870H GB. ESCr - ΙΗΕΙΜΕΓι STRASSE 30

July 29, 1974 Gu / gni

Apollo Plastics, Inc. P ^ O.Box 3212
1oP Blountstovm Highway Tallahassee, Florida, Ü3A

Method and device for the production of building blocks and for making a building from such panels

or Finishing Di υ invention relates generally to Baukaatßri- / Systeaie, in particular Prefabricated panels or panels for buildings ur> d a method and apparatus for assembling Walls, roofs and buildings made of such panels. . Furthermore, the invention relates in particular to a building system for Use in the production of mobile homes, caravans, Truck bodies, utilities, motelr

and other one-story building facilities as well as for the Aneine r production of walls and partitions within / such prefabricated

construction, or with conventional building constructions.

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In recent years there has been a need for the development of modular or fortified construction Buildings *, grown because of increasing costs of coronary Residential houses, which are partly made up of limited natural materials, partly due to Bouenpvel.s.- 'and partly due to rising labor costs, this demanded. At the same time, the demand for Jie fold wrapping increased new materials. -Plates, v / and; units and vcllst ^ ndj. ·: - «? Plants come with a variety of matarialiea hc-j. gertellL-, using a variety of methods. To the Expert:?. Ind countless descriptions of structural Aj.r guides known to be easy to manufacture and Assembly of buildings and building parts developed '..ν.-ί'Λ-η. However, none of these known systems has di.p in place solve different problems.

Plates of different training, the "! .It different Materials made are used in the construction of parts of buildings and facilities; however, these plates are insofar unsatisfactory because they usually require complicated and expensive support frames, which in turn require manufacturing and introduce manufacturing problems. V / continue the panels must be fixed to frame

with elements

men / that are attached by the lightweight panels resp. plates

/ fall off and are often difficult to install. The requirement Making the panels light in weight reduces their flexural strength while being complicated Installing or assembling possible cost savings are negated. Thus, the assembling of panels to frame

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often a system that has no real cost advantages or advantages: r> in terms of flexural strength.

The growing mobile housing industry is faced with many problems that manufacturers of traditional VJohnhäi-.jei-ri also face, namely that new processes and materials are required to offset increasing labor costs and the cost of conventional materials. In this industry, however, there are also special tests in that the residential complex must not only ensure the stability, security and comfort of conventional residential buildings, but also withstand the requirements of transport ί, α when a mobile residential building is transported on the street or when it is installed on de &Eigrvir's property, the dwelling is exposed to strong vibrations, twisting, pulling and buckling, and it must therefore be worked very carefully in order to damage the building 1. Accordingly, in mobile homes, a double wall is generally one on the opposite sides. rigid ralimens attached, and. by rivets or similar fasteners. However, such a construction is expensive and often not sufficiently stable to transport

is

to prevent damage and / moreover in the event of a Damage difficult to repair. The extraordinarily thin wall coatings that are used in the manufacture of mobile Residential houses are used, provide only a low level of thermal insulation, and the large number of rivets for fastening the Schubzbeschichtung on the turning frame make the original Construction is expensive and time consuming;

repairs are also difficult to carry out.

To overcome these disadvantages, the present invention proposes a building structure. that are durable, stable, lightweight, inexpensive and easy to use is.

Furthermore, the invention proposes to eliminate the known Disadvantages that a wall system for both the üußen- as for the interior walls of a building or other facility is provided, which is preformed in plates or panels, and wherein the Fystemteile at the building site of the Gebäudeε has been built up, can and according to the composition a_LS Durable, nichtabstreifbai'e casting molds are used for concrete material, whereby a strong, permanent wall is quick and inexpensive can be produced.

The invention also envisions a system of interconnected Wall panels before that

from a vemhäumten u.zw. foam-like material factory-made can be produced, the surface texture during the shaping the outer walls and the inner walls can already be completed.

The invention also proposes a system of shaped panels

before, which serve as non-removable formers, in order to vertical Rows and horizontal stripes of building walls at the construction site to pour, and in a continuous manner under

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Use of concrete-like materials, so that an extremely stable wall system is formed.

The invention also proposes factory-made wall panels - or, panelo system before, ■ 'n the versatile and expensive known outer and inner wall pjuflage can be prefabricated in the factory, so that expensive trained Skilled workers can be saved.

It is also provided that wall panels or panels with " Door and window frames can be installed at the same time as the panels are formed, so that costly skilled workers are used Frame the door and window openings and to the Eifoau of doors and windows not required Find.

The invention also provides for wall plates or panels to form with openings that are suitable for electrical

cowie
Lines to include pipelines and connections.

Furthermore, a Waiidsystem is provided within the scope of the invention to use with inexpensive, readily available materials, very little trained to install Skilled workers are required.

In addition, the invention proposes a building system the prefabricated panels are used, which are made from verschäuratem Material are prefabricated at the factory and at the construction site of the building to be assembled to external walls and.

2 ^ 36575

to form internal partitions of a building, the panels

or passages

Openings / have which serve to receive concrete or similar material, making the panels as permanent and non-strippable forms for the concrete material.

Furthermore, the invention proposes a prefabricated wall panel, which ve a large number of each other de ^ en has openings for receiving concrete or b ^ tonähnlinhem material serve, with the concrete a uniform 'Form load-bearing support structures in the panels · «;.

The invention also proposes a building system that thereby characterized in that a plurality of preformed wall panels is intended to be put together to form a building, wherein the panels have a plurality of interconnected openings for receiving serve of concrete, so that in a continuous cast a uniform network of pillars, girders and slabs is formed, which forms the structural elements of the building.

Furthermore , the invention proposes a prefabricated building system for smaller buildings, mobile homes, truck and trailer structures and the like, which is light in weight but also strong, and which is easy to assemble, maintain and repair.

The invention also proposes a construction panel of low weight , which is suitable for the construction of small systems or partition walls

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is suitable, whereby the building can be erected quickly and easily without the use of frames, while being strong and durable is.

Furthermore, the invention proposes a building board of little Gev / icht, which is designed in such a way that it can be connected and firmly fastened to adjacent 3h plates, so that a stable and secure building system is established, especially for mobile homes and vehicle bodies suitable is.

According to the invention, a building board is provided which consists of a shaft made of foamed urethane, which is sandwiched between inner and outer layers of molded plastic shuttering material, for example styrene. The inner and outer cladding of the panel is shaped and colored to provide the desired aesthetic appearance of the interior and exterior of the building, and the edges of the panels are shaped to provide an interlocking arrangement that stiffens the structure and makes it stable.

exterior walls or partitions are formed by vertical wall panels, the two side edges of each panel being provided with conventional tongues and grooves so that the panel, when assembled and erected, is vertically alignable and held vertically in alignment. In one embodiment, the panels have a generally U-shaped passage bw- an opening along their upper edge,

BAE>

5 ·;

into which concrete or concrete-like material can be poured, after the panels are assembled. The passages adjacent plates are aligned so that, weun the concrete is poured, a continuous horizontal

carrier
Beam or window or ¹ "door / is formed, Cr holding the plcttent parts together. In addition, each plate is provided with one or more elongated, preferably tubular openings, which extend over the length of the plates, and in Jen U These elongated openings, which are perpendicular when the panel is positioned or when a plurality of panels are assembled to form a vault or building, receive the same clay-tone material as is poured into the passageways of the slab, thereby forming one or more vertical posts or masts within each slab. These vertical masts serve as lintels for the

before

Carrier. and together with them form uniform / supporting structures in the plate, eliminating any stress on d ^ n upper area of such a shaped plate is exerted over

to the foundation of the building

Carrier. and masts / is transferred, and not via the shaped ones Plates. Reinforcement bars or similar can for the carrier. made of concrete and the masts be provided, so that a stable supporting structure in the formed by the plates Shape is obtained. Furthermore, the number and the distance between the vertical masts in each plate can be accordingly the usual prescribed requirements are selected, so that the strength of the supporting structure matches the requirements of the respective construction, while at the same time Inexpensive waste material, freely organic

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Schauni resins and concrete-like materials, related to four.

In this embodiment, it is preferred if the side edges of the preformed panels are shaped to be connected to adjacent panels by a tongue-and-groove arrangement so that the parts can be assembled for forming the perimeter and interior walls of a building complex with another wall system, when the panels are mated in this manner, the openings formed in the upper part of each part are aligned to form a continuous, horizontal, U-shaped passage zm The adjacent panels can be attached to each other in the assembled state by means of dowels or rods that extend between the panels and preferably open into the vertical openings within the panels, in order to create a secure locking connection of adjacent panels after concrete The panels can be attached to a foundation using anchor rods In a similar way, anchor hooks provided in the window girder and attached to the reinforcing bars in the concrete serve to fasten a roof or other additional components to the upper edge of the wall.

In another embodiment of the invention, the plates can accommodate carrying loads, the masts and embossers as carrying work not being required in this embodiment the foamed plate formed such that the upper and

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iinter quay of each wall panel with conical Passages are provided which are generally V-shaped in cross-section and have a flat base and outwardly

or lazy "'have curved walls. A window truss / de ^ alsofa *'. HS an elderly ausgeoilcbten bottom wedge ergro \ ft, which orients the wall panels to the building foundation This Flatten can zuhi instructor en:. · exterior walls de- ^c; building been used wherein the surfaces of Auk Jii- and the inner wall are prefabricated to a - to lit matching appearance, or they can be used to .Ausbilden of inner partition walls, whereby both Geiton are prefabricated to the desired Oberfl- ^y diener ^ cheinung the Innenv; and to obtain In a preferred in this embodiment, formation of the wall panels are connected. inner vertical openings or passages provided that at the level of the longitudinally extending Pl ⁺ s and the VCN for receiving clamping bolt consolidate, de3 building or for receiving eHektrischen Le i do serve for the devotee.

Roof panels are provided which span the area between vertically arranged wall panels and which hang down de have supporting parts that can be connected to the upper edges of the wall panels in order to obtain the rigid construction, which is required for mobile homes or similar buildings and other systems. The end of the roof panels that abut one another is with a conventional tongue and groove arrangement provided so that a variety of panels are attached to their respective

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Ends are connected together to form the roof surface. The lower surface of the side edges of the roof panels that form the edge of the. manufacture. Form the roof, is designed in such a way that it is connected to the upper edges of the wall panels, and zv ^r ar over hanging overhangs and adjacent parallel grooves that form a window

respectively-. carrier
support which engages a V-shaped duct which is formed in the upper edges of the placts on each side of the passage and which encompass the edges of the plaque on each side of the passage. The window support is designed in such a way that it corresponds to the shape of the passage so that the roof panel secures the wall. recorded. The top surface of the roof plate has a circumferential trough for receiving a flat pull rod that extends over adjacent roof plates. holds them tightly together.

When assembling the panels to form a wall or a conversion, parts of the floor will be made on the building fundar ^ nt provided, wherein the floor can be designed, for example, on the chassis of a mobile residential building. The wall panels are together with those gripped into the floor wedges Bqd through- ■

/ went installed to form the walls of the building. Lie Roof panels are then, on the outer end of the vertical positioned wall panels with the carrier engaging the top passageways of the walls and the edges of the Walls grab the girder grooves. Tie rods are then placed in the border on the surface of the roof, and clamping bolts are pushed down through the tie rods,

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-Λί-

the roof and the vertical passages in the walls gefübχ c and entweder'durch the bottom wedges to be attached to the foundation or to the ground. ¹ .oil itself. If the foundation is the code of a vehicle or a trailer, iie. Tension ropes run through the floor and be attached to the surface. The assembly of the building is completed by tightening the anchor bolts to pull down the roof panels so that! Girders and. Floor wedges in engo connection with the wall plate passages, are brought ·; whereby a fo / m-resistant construction of great strength and durability is obtained, the interconnected parts of the building cooperating to prevent the building from threatening, tugging or other deformations under static or kinetic loads. to prevent.

In a modified embodiment of the invention, the wall panels as partition walls can ent \ - the used in conventional buildings or ¹ in accordance with the invention buildings. The partition panels are formed in the same way as the wall panels, with edge tabs and grooves and with upper and lower passages. The composition of the partition walls differs, however, in that the partition walls can be arranged free-standing, or they can be attached to existing ceiling constructions, for example suspended ceiling panels or the like. be attached. A floor wedge is provided, as is the case with the wall placements, which is attached to the floor in order to define the desired positioning of the partition wall. A ceiling wedge is also provided, either attached to the ceiling or not attached,

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if the partition wall forms an L-shaped wall or a complete wall. The plates are between the floor and deir. Ceiling wedge positioned so that the edges butt against each other, each panel being held in position by a tension cable or bend attached to the wedges. The tension rope is preferably a thin flat belt attached to one at each end. T ~. Piece is attached, which can be screwed to the wedges or otherwise fastened L. After a plate is positioned on the wedge <= n, the Spatnseil is positioned along the edge of the plate, preferably in the edge groove, with a " -Arm of the T-piece extends into the upper passage between the plate and the upper edge. The other arm of the upper piece is firmly attached to the wedge, for example by means of a screw. The lower piece is in similarly attached to the lower wedge, the tightening of the fastening screws tensioning the rope so that the two wedges are drawn towards each other and hold the partition in place. The partition plate can be positioned and secured between the kailen in a similar manner. Palis may be desired guided by the plate train ⁺ <MGE be used to secure the plate between the upper and lower wedges.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the Plates may be provided with passages formed along their side accounts which receive vertical stops, with adjacent ones Plates are each attached to a single common stop. This arrangement can be in place

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the tongue and groove arrangement, as described above, be provided.

The invention vrird below with reference to embodiments n ^y lier explains that make up v / urther important "features ergeben- which:

Fig. Ί a view of a. substantial part of the surface e ^ ner ° rfj.i: dung plate formed in accordance with where _{t is} the horizontal and vertical openings provided therein are shown fästricheJt;

Fig. 2 is a plan hl CHT on the plate of FIG. 1;

3 is a partial perspective view of part of a typical building with a wall made of a plurality of composite plates is formed is, v / cbe partially shown the support structure according to the invention in dashed lines;

Fig. 4 is a section through one of the plates according to Tig. 3, and along line 4-4 of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of Figure 4;

6 shows a section along the line 6-6 of FIG.

Fig. 7

to 12 each e ^ 'ne section through a typical tongue and groove connection which is used when assembling the plates according to FIG. 1 ;

13 is a perspective view, partly in section

a plurality of wall panels with openings for receiving electrical wiring;

14 is a perspective view, partly in section.

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a plurality of wall plates, one plate having · sen apertures for receiving pipes and Ansrhiü ^c;

15 is a view of a plate according to the invention with a window frame;

F.i (- ;. 16 a section along the line 16-16 of FIG. 15; Figure 17 is a section along line 17-17 of Figure 15; Fig. 18

to 21 a view of various modifications c * ° .v Pj.atte according to FIG. 1;

Figure 22 is an exploded view of a mold suitable for making the panel of Figure 1;

23 is a side view of a mobile according to FIG Invention of a completed residential building;

FIG. 2k is a partially exploded perspective view of the mobile home according to FIG. 23;

FIG. 25 shows a partial section through the building according to FIG. 23, namely along the line 25-25. ¹

Figure 26 is an exploded side view of a Wall panel and part of an adjacent wall panel made according to the invention;

Fig. 27 is a plan view of the panels of Fig. 26; Figure 28 is an exploded perspective view of a portion of the roof and wall assembly of Figure 2k taken along line 28-28;

FIG. 29 is an exploded perspective view of a portion of the roof, wall and floor assembly of FIG Figure 24, taken along line 29-29;

30 is a partial perspective view of a

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composite wall connection;

31 is a perspective view of part of a typical- *: floor wedge as used according to the invention;

Fig. 32 is a perspective view of a partition wall showing is designed according to the invention;

33 is an enlarged view of a part of the ear end for the partition;

Fi i?;. 34 is a partially exploded perspective view View of part of a modified wall-floor arrangement.

In Fi, ir. 1 a prefabricated building board is designated as Gr.nzes with IO. This Flat ie serves in a first Ausfühiungsform as a non-loadable support wall or partition wall as well as

(lost)
Non-strippable Ebrm for receiving poured concrete, 'or concrete-like material . The plate is made of a p.orös * -. organic insulating resin material such as high- density polyurethane foam, molded and formed so that a plurality of openings are provided therein. As FIG. 1 and the top view of FIG. 2 shows, the plate ΙΟ on its upper card 13 has a horizontal opening or passage 12, which extends completely over the width of the plate, and a plurality of vertical passages l4, which extend from the passage 12 down through a bottom edge l6 of the

· Extend through plate 12, the horizontal, is generally U-shaped in cross section (see Figure 3 _f 4..) While the passages are tubular l4; they can be frustoconical towards the outside

be,

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from the top to the bottom: * end of the plate _f if this is desired. The vertical openings or, passageways within the sivid PIaUe arranged symmetrically, and have such a distance from each other and a derarti ^ t size, ~ e w the required iat ₄ rgenov.:mene the i "load by

borrowed '"" ■ - ■. "■

unit / supporting structure, which after assembling the building resp. the Umwanuung in the plate is made to be able to carry. Although the plate shown shows six vertical passages, can, but the number of actual passes in a. any plat ie vary, depending on the known methods to calculate the various load carriers. Alternatively can use the plate with a maximum predetermined Number of passes will be formed «ν where only selected ones Passages with D ^ ton or the like. be filled, as Weiler xtnlen

■ is ■. . - '

still described / about the necessary resilience with minimal use of Meitörial as well an associated reduction in costs

The panel according to this embodiment is preformed by known molding methods, and consists of a suitable shaded material which has the desired properties of durability, pleasant appearance, heat and sound insulation, light weight, low cost, easy handling, etc. Construction panels verschäum + "? M material of various types have long been known +. So that the method for forming such plates and the materials from which they are made, must be described in detail here ο E can many examples of available porous, orga-

niches, insulating resin materials are called, b «. 1-for example polyurethane foam; Forgotten Resolhnr / .c, e.g. Ure aformal dehydration resins! missed Aninoplatharzo, Sr .. D. Melamine Formaldenydharze; Hydrocarbon resins, 2 _t ß, vors ^r .5. ^: iiiriii.e; Polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene; Pol; · —3.nylhar ¹ «, ζ» *. '. Polyvinyl chloride and its copolymers; Verscliäuinte Polyacetals, zR Schäutntes Polyacrolien as well as other v <irsc: iütJ. ».: each organic resin, which is known &> ind. The panels obtained are transported from the factory to the construction site, where ai « eivi" ^^. St ^ X. \ T and are assembled to form the GübaudC "umwandung shown ^{in Frlj; 1« 3.} Although the panel according to the invention dor not primarily serves old Belaßtungstragerelrinc.tt a wall se _t ⁴ detected that the plate or the like by materials such as Ginsfasern, Motellstangon, Mascheudraht. can be reinforced, provided that the «erwiairirO Ϊ: is. Furthermore, if required, the opportunity to receive low-pressure filter materials, 5.,. B. Fibers and solid or hollow organic or inorganic particles.

Fig. 3 shows part of a building outer wall, which is made by means of a plurality of the plates described above

is. A plurality of plates 20,22 and 2k is erected on a foundation 26, and indeed are composed of side plates Srtte, wherein upper U-shaped channel b; w .- »passages 28,30 and 32 of the plates be jeweiii volatile ~ \ dew! Form a cohesive trough around the edge of the wall viii f! ü.si "i over all inner partitions" Like the figure 3 "u \ ■; ■ ' _t can be the combination *! *» ■ of the platesi / and

^! 9 8 08- · '-': - '· ■ -' ■. 8AD ORiQINAL.

by using dowels or linlteetanKs · ■. 34 and 36, which sit in the side canton dor Schaumpx.itten are used extend nttd / iwxschen adjacent plates, to keep them in alignment. Preferably the first eclct False openings between tubular openings or passages

in the adjacent plates and opening into these, so when dail Eitifjicßon ^'1 OS concrete .in the passages, this de ends <jl ^ t Di'l / 1 ^ -ir ^ -. ibt and closes the plates together.

Dd ο TLa ^-1 I lon vrer ^ cn also through anchor lu'.cn 1ΐ7Λί provided at a distance. -bolaen 3 ^, 39 | 4.O and 4l held in position, which are included in the fundn ^ 'enl 26 and jich extend upwards into the openings of the plates, If the detoi: is poured into the openings, it surrounds the towards the end of the bolts and fasten the plates to the foundation. The anchor bolts can be spaced such that they extend into all vertical passages to ensure maximum flexural strength, or they can be spaced further to save material when lower strength is required.

When the slabs have been erected on the building foundation and are precisely aligned to create the desired exterior / anü. To train, conventionally reinforcing rods, for example as shown at kk and 45, are arranged in the upper plate trough in such a way that they extend at least over several plates. Additional rebars 46, 47, 48 and 49 are inserted through the vertical passages and extend into the trough; there

509808/0800

They can be welded or otherwise attached to the horizontally extending reinforcing bars 44 eggs 45 for carrying
and precise positioning. After the reinforcement bars have been arranged, concrete can be poured into the form formed by the passages in the erected slabs
are, the passages xn of the entire Uniwandung are continuously filled. AuT This ensures that al J e ^ parts of Umwanduu firmly adhered to each other by a Bewehrii'igcnetsü of concrete, so that a common Tr age? who is trained ic.

Fig. 3 partially shows the supporting structure or the _t cferglexchen by pouring »-one concrete f'aterial in the passages
the 'iVf.ndplatten is created. The plate 20 _1, which is formed from a foamed material 50, preferably high-density polyurethane, has a passage 28 for receiving concrete 52. The prayer flows d '.' Vch the vertical
Down passages that are in the plates, and
forms a mast 54 (only one of which is for the plate
20) to form part of a window beam or horizontal beam 56 and at the same time the
horizontal rebar 44,45, the vertical rebar 46, the anchor bolt 38 and one "" end of each of the
Handrails 34 and 36 to be used. The pouring of the concrete is continued through the form formed by the plate 2, downwards through the vertical passages in order to produce masts 58, 59 and 60 within the foam 62 of this plate, as well as a continuation of the horizontal beam 56 30 into the passage again embeds the Beto _n

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the horizontal rebar 44 and 45 and the vertical reinforcing bars 47, 48 and 49 as well as the upper ends of the anchor bolts 39, 4 and 4 l. The concrete in: the mast 58 also fastens the other mouth ends of the Hcu.testanger 34 and 36, whereby the plates 2λ * and'22. Are fastened to one another The passageways located there for the formation of holding bacteria, such as the upper passage for the continuous production of the beams and the slabs are fastened simultaneously to the anchor bolts in the foundation and to the support rods ¹ which extend between adjacent slabs The concrete-like material used here: can be original cement material or the like, for example different types of concrete with little depth as well as conventional concrete;. It is important that the selected material has the load-bearing capacity, the door the respective Building application required - I am

In the manner described, the slabs that form the complete housing wall are filled so that a complete supporting structure made of concrete is created which, if the slabs were removed, would stand still. However, the plates are to remain in position, the outer surfaces of the walls do 'at-szubildahund to the wall the required Isolieri'ng: to give _ks: U ₀ dgli swisolsen.-de "parts by the Tragewer. Thus, the plates fulfill a purpose, namely as a non-resilient support plate and

as

as a casting mold, so that they can be molded without waiteres / plat feen

JBAO 01IGtNAl,

can denote. The network axis concrete pillars, masts or girders and foundation, together with the reinforcements the poles, the Ilalt poles and the anchor posts the girder to the foundation so that t-in unified

Structural work arises, which not only develops * carrying capacity, but also ¹ resistance to lifting forces, wi ^. they are granted, for example, when hurricanes occur. This construction allows tioir.il uass .3in manufactured with the panels according to the invention ?; » ^i: <"illoue is used wherever hurricanes occur and where there are consequent sharp building bumps.

In order to fix roof or Declcer-konö + ruktiono; » ο the like. To simplify the upper edge of the walls or the partition walls formed from the panels available, suitable anchor bolts, e.g. BoIr ^ n 6'i, 66 and GB (F-Lg. 3t ^ i5) in the window girder could be used vorgeuohen Stin, t <jiiu; Plate 7 «i the a '.. s HoIe can be, au attach .. conn ..' ■ send l'anti οία 'Da -. Ai-IuIi ?:' {Fig. '}) through her-köiniflii chu Beye i' - 'nente / h in known manner.

Eina plate 2k in Fig ^ "untiirscheida b sicn of the changes π ^ assei.-gten Platts α diu-iü, a ^ a there eiii Türrahuiön 76 trätirettü ds3 P-ii'fflüiJ la de * · Pia fet» «rox-geiiehen wi.i * d «The frame dioitl; Antauhm-i eiiJii · iür 78, and zvat in conventional i / eißo, Fig. 6 saigt, the plate 2 has a pair of vertical openings 80 and 81 _s in a.tt * sith An-Bchllige 82 and 83, the an ifin Türrai.-iäJönoi .am ? ηί Λ?

BATH

the

are trained. These stops are embedded in / concrete, of the passages 80 and 8? for "training the vertical

respectively
Support masts 84 and 8G / fills, whereby the door frame is fixed in the plate and to the supporting structure, so that the door frame fe. ^f 3t remains in position. Although only three attachments 82 and 83 are shown, enough stops for securing the door frame can be "vorgosohor".

In order to simplify (in the assembling of a large number of panels in a wall or in an assembled partition wall, the plr. ^X .th were designed with a tongue and groove arrangement on the side edges (cf. ^ ig. 2 , 6,7). In Fig.?, The plate has an elongated tongue 90 on a side chain and a longitudinally extending tongue 92 at the detached point ^ n edge. Each of the plates is formed in a similar manner (see. Fig. 3), wherein Ήβ plate 22 a tongue 9 has ^l l ', that :: iit a corres-exploding groove on dor plate 2o mates and in Figure .6 the paatte '^ h has a spring--

Groove arrangement 96,9C Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section the line 7-7 of Fig. 3 and shows the manner in which the tongue-and-groove arrangements of adjacent plates 2o and 22 supports the alignment of the plates while they are erected and assembled to form a building wall. This fi ^ ur also shows how the Haltestango 36 holds the panels in the assembled state.

Around the various wall and partition panels at the corners

to connect with each other, or to connect a

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To simplify the partition wall plate as a connection point between two wall plates, specially designed "T" and ¹¹ L "connectors are provided (see FIG. 8, 9, 10 /. FIG. 8 shows, for example, with one of the previously described plate elements .. 'Ie preformed tee loo from verechäumtem plastic material Io2 with a vertical opening lo'i and an upper Durchgangsber I & I06 he ⁿ passageway zusnminmi interacts with all adjacent plate members IO8, lo and I ^-? O in order to ensure that the carrier is formed by the poured concrete, runs between all surfaces / contr: iu Lerfich, so that a uniform horizontal beam is formed.

The L-parts 112 and 114 according to FIG. 9 and 11, respectively, which are shown in section, serve to connect adjacent walls or dividing plates to one another at the corners. These connecting parts 112 and Ii ^, of course, r * it ά ^ α-described previously formed vertical and horizontal passages. There may be provided holding rods, which simplify the assembly of the wall system at the joints between adjacent panels and connectors.

Occasionally it may be desirable to connect one divider panel to another panel at a location other than the junction between the two panels. In such a case, the present invention provides that a suitable groove in a simple manner in an already

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shaped and erected plate is cut to receive the tongue of another plate (see Fig. 11). A groove 12o can thus be formed in the surface of a plate 122 cut at a point between the two side edges thereof, the groove being of such a size as to be a tongue 124 of a second plate 126 receives. It is preferred that the groove be in line with one quarter of the vertical Passages 128 of the plates 122 are cut so that support rods, for example holding rod 13o, can be used to firmly connect the panels together when the passageways are filled with Betonmaterxal.132.

As an alternative to the arrangement according to FIG. 11, the two plates 132 and 126 can be connected to one another by fastening a block or a holding plate 134 on the surface of the plate 122, the plate 134 then engaging the groove 136 of the plate 126 or , never plate or the block can be fastened in any way on the surface of the plate 122 and can have support rods 13o to hold the plates in the assembled state

In Fig..7-12 it is shown that with the mutually matching spring- groove arrangements, the tongues are slightly more frustoconical than the corresponding grooves. This is done in order to simplify the assembly of the plates, since this design brings the plates into one plane while moving. Every now and then it is possible that the resulting gap is at every connection point

509808/0800

_ ₂₆ _ 2 ^ 36575

the slabs of cement from the? Can flow through the carrier, namely to unien between adjacent plates. To prevent such leakage, it may be desirable to provide small _f U-shaped Plat + s of suitable material, not shown in the

Well fit and close the gaps between adjacent panels. At the same time, it may be desirable to provide a cap in the shape of a U-shaped face that fits over the upper part of the plate at the junction to prevent undesirable expansion of the upper edges of the plates, especially at the upper corners where the a-oFigures extending ends of the passageways are unsupported to prevent cement pouring · An over-like cap ensures adequate support for dit. Panel corners during the pouring of cement so that it can flow out of the passages.

Pig 13 shows, partly in section, a pair of plates 14o and 1Λ2 which are Xm at right angles to each other and form a corner; and which are held together by an L-piece tkk · In addition to the usual vertical openings or · passages 146-151 with corresponding masts 152 and 153 made of clay, have these. Plate channels 155 for electrical lines «which are in corresponding, horizontally ve i. running passages 156 are provided. The passages 156 cut through the vertical passages 146-151 and form openings so that conduits 155 and / or electrical cables 158 can be inserted into the panels before the cement is poured. Such ducts

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simplify the installation of electrical fittings, e.g. an outlet 16o.

Fig. 13 also shows in perspective the illustrated in Fig. 12? ce connection of a pair of panels. If a plate 162 with the surface of a plate, for example Tlatte l42, ar. a point between the edge edges of the plate 1.42 are connected ··; 1 is to be, _{a lath 142 was attached to the desired style or} block 134, and the plate 16 is fitted on it. Vie diepe Figui 'ζβΐς -!;, The upper wall of the> ~ plate l42 is cut away at l64 in order to ensure that the upper passages of the two plates intersect one another, so that the concrete girder advances continuously and uniformly

Flg. l4 shows oxne plate I7o for receiving a. Water pipe. As in the case of the electrical lines of Fig. 13, the plate 17o has additional passages 171, 172 and 173 fronts, ir. The suitable installation pipes, ± .B. Water pipes 174 and 175 and a ventilation pipe I76 can be installed-

It is not shown in the above-mentioned sectional views of various and arrangements, it is shown in FIGS. a preferred modification of the panel construction according to the invention is shown. Owned there— ¹ ; a plate 180 a window frame 182 in which a window sash arrangement (not shown) can be provided. The frame 182 is during

509808/0800 BATH ORIGINAL

The manufacture of the plate is shaped in the direction and can have suitable stops or nozzles, similar to those in FIG. Shown 6 with respect to the door assembly through which the window frame in the plate firmly "is ageordnet, when the through Ginge be l84 and l56 filled with concrete · An additional feature of the plate l8o it is to provide a horizontal opening or went through L88 ₄ is "nterhalb extends the width of the window frame and across that, in order to give additional strength to the plate a Bclai> ^c ungsstelle.

.. How ?, be executed OITs the various gem Fig form 1-17 plates formed not only For ~; s for receiving Betoiunaterial pns _t yin thereby supporting structure for Gebilade- of the invention were prepared according to umwandungen, but these plates are permanent part of di »R walls and partitions that represent the building wall. When the panels

are
erected / and the concrete is poured in +, are therefore di-r

Walls of conversion finished; after the concrete has settled

does not need any form to be stripped off, and therefore td / stoher no additional labor costs and no waste material. As a result of the durability of the panels and because it is desired is, further external surface processing on the so formed To carry out walls, it is preferred that the surfaces the panels are in the finished state when the wall is assembled. The panels according to the invention are therefore designed accordingly.

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It is true that the plates according to FIGS. 1-17 do not show any special surface treatments or decorations. In the process for forming the panels according to the invention, however, any desired surface treatment can be carried out, since the materials used according to the invention are particularly suitable for this purpose. Therefore, both of the essential surfaces of the panel are preferably provided with bases and structures corresponding to the desired external and internal appearance and decoration of the building. Figs. 18-21 illustrate only some of the myriad patterns and structures that can be produced Typically, if the panel is to be used for the exterior of a building, one surface is shaped to match the largest exterior appearance, while the opposite surface is shaped to have typical interior decoration such that after build the walls of both the inside. the AvJiandekoration is completed.

The shaping of the plates according to the invention is carried out according to known methods for preparing molded articles from foamed plastics materials so that it is only mentioned in general terms and illustrated schematically in FIG · 22 · In Fig _f 22 has a FormI9o in the shape of a rectangular box, the dimensions of the produced Flat ·· A preformed arch 192 with · the desired decoration

one side of the plate is placed on the bottom of the fora 19o. Alternatively, the lower (bottom) wall of the fora 19o be shaped or punched to suit the «decor

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will be produced. Then a variety of Sample tubes 196, 197 and 198 made of cardboard are placed in the mold, ■ with the tubes extending over the length of the form and held at their lower ends by an end wall 26o

respectively
are, for example / in recesses 2o2,2o3 and 2o4. The cardboard tubes are on their opposite sides. or upper ends held in misshapen parts 2o6, which is preferably attached to an end wall PoQ of the mold 2o in order to produce a: »Uniform distance from the upper to the lower end of the mold. Eventually a

the placte

second doge 2o9 with the one desired for the second surface / The configuration is positioned in the form, at its upper end, and the form is marked with a schäunite * «· Plastic material filled. If desired, a molded lid can be which has the desired surface design for the plate, is used in place of the second line 209 will.

Venn sheet Io2 Urd 21o ± nr to the molding method used who to, the foam filling surrounds the pattern 196.197 and 2O6 and adheres to the two sheets, so that a sandwich-like plate I a known manner is manufactured in ante · If the foam "iirekt the optionally form, a suitable release layer, the finished plate must be provided to remove ₁ do.

In order to remove the finished plate from the shape l9o «u

,how the end wall 2oo / in the dash-dotted manner 2oo * in Fig.22

shown, unfolded, causing the ends of the tubes 196-

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19Ö can be released and the shape can be lifted. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the remain. dauerhaft- tubes in the plate, that they co twähren additional support in the thus created passages for ¹ ^ a ^ Verbie INNT ung. half of the TJ * vt passages during the

Avoid pouring the neton. Of course you can the tubes are permanently added to the F ^ rni I9o, and -you can. u domi can be removed from the plates after molding In any case, elements 196-198 and 2o6 grant the orwöirjchton vertical and horizontal passages in the preformed plate. The exact number, size and spacing .; - derUölju'en · Can be varied as required to meet the requirements of the respective special building the requirements with regard to the load capacity. to

correspond.

In Fig. 23-3 there is a further excursion: the form of the Erfxndunjsr shown in which the plate itself a Represents burden carriers. With this carrion form?: Ann the plate can be used to form walls for a variety of building components, in the figure the Can be used in combination with fixed and movable foundations is shown. Figs. 23,24 and 25 show a mobile house 2lo made of wall panels 212, roof panels 2l4 and partition panels 2l6, all of them are made according to the invention, consists.The wall panels have doors and windows which, if desired, are designed in a known manner, and are one on a chassis 18 Trailer attached, in the manner described and

509 808/080 0

BATH ORIGINAL

Way to form a building that, as the figure shows, will be used as a mobile dwelling house. The chassis of the trailer consists of a Unteisatz or floor 22o, the longitudinal appropriate and laterally directed frame members is supported in a known catfish 222 and 224 and is guided by P. "countries 226 about axes 228 and springs 230 on the pedestal Fixed To _o Although the figure shows the system according to the invention attached to a trailer base, any suitable foundation can be provided as a base for the building. A truck chassis, a concrete slab, a platform made of wood or similar components can therefore easily be used in connection with the wall and roof panels according to the invention for the construction of a building, a border or a partition wall according to the invention.

The wall panels 212, the border car train mobile condominium are ausgobildet perpendicular usually (see Fig. 26-27). And have a tongue and groove arrangement to facilitate the composition and zusanunengesetzten plates healed fleeing & u. The vertical side edge 232 of the plate 212 (FIG. 26) drawn on the left has a ». Groove 23 ^; i, which extends along the height of the plate. A portion of the edge 232, after the groove is formed, is formed as a pair of projections 836 and 238 that mate with the tabs of the next adjacent panel.

Notches or grooves 24o and 2 ^ 2 are in the corners of the plate formed along the edge 232, which grooves are calibrated over the

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full lungs of the plate extend; they are of such a shape and size that they take up one half of a covering strip intended to form the junction between adjacent ones! " To cover plates.

The right edge 244 of plate 212 (Fig. 2.C) has a tongue 246 which extends the full length of the plate

one
and with the corresponding groove ^ on the designated plate fits together. This edge of the plate also has a pair of notches 248 and 250, which receive cover strips. Fig. 27 shows a pair of such strips 252 and 254, that is fastened in the corner grooves of the plate 212, as well as, for example, corresponding grooves 2'io · and 242 · of an adjacent plate 212 ', which are now assembled.

each of the cover tabs 252 and 254 are / in the passport Bi tz having inner and outer surfaces 256 and 258 of the assembled plates, and they cover the connecting point between plates 212 and 212 · to this covering and the ingress of water, air or the like. to prevent·

When the adjacent panels 212 and 212 * are put together are, the tongue 246 engages the groove 254 * with the projections or projections 236 'and 238 ·, which are attached to the edge 244 the plntte 212 abut (see. Fig. 30), so that grooves 250 and 242 · cooperate in such a way that a cut out A location or trough for receiving the strip 254 is formed will. Similarly, the grooves on the opposite surfaces of the plates 212 and 212 'cooperate and

509808 / 08σθ

form a trough for receiving the strip 252.

Your and bottom edges 26o and 262 of the wall panel

respectively
212 have frustoconical passages 264 and 266 which have a trapezoidal or generally V-shaped cross-section and which extend across the width of the plates (cf. ^ ig. 25, 26, ^ 7 and 30). A passage 264 opens upwards and has scitonwänJe 268 and 27o, which are conical to the outside by a flat base 272. Similarly, a passage 266 has side walls 274 and 276 which form outwardly conical imten to extend, from ³¹ * oiiO flat base 278, and a downwardly open passage.

Each wall panel 212 according to this embodiment is made from foamed material, which has the desired properties, namely low weight, heat and sound insulation,

owns
low-cost, etc./, and is preferably at their lower cost

Surface with a firm, permanent, non-perishable,

outer
pretty / layer that gives the panel a finished and attractive appearance. Component panels produced using foamed material are known, as are the methods for .; Shapes of such plates and the materials from which they are made, and which are mentioned above by way of example, so that further description is superfluous. In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment of the invention, however, the plate is made of high-density polyurethane, which is foamed in a form of outer and inner layers, which layers

509808/0800

the desired shape, size and surface appearance

and formation of the plate are shaped as above already described.

During the manufacture of the plate, the outer layers are held in a suitable manner at a distance from one another in a mold frame and the urethane wire ^{1 is made} to expand between them, spread across them and by foaming. The expanding material creates a high pressure and fills the opening ; .. ^, which is defined by the two layers, completely so that a connection is made between the outer layers and a unitary plate is disfigured. When the insert has hardened, the finished panel is removed from the mold frame and has a foam core 280 (FIG. 30), an inner layer 282 which forms the inner surface 256 of the panel, and an outer layer

258
28Ί, which forms the outer surface / plate.

The inner and outer layers 282 and 284 are preferably formed from plastic material, for example styrene, which has been treated in a known manner in order to create surface configurations of the panel and colors that simulate various natural materials, e.g. S + a, wooden floorboards, bricks, etc. like (Fig. 18-21) to generate. The preformed Shingles "4cönnen turn as molds for the foam core ¹ of urethane can be used. Alternatively, the outer surface material can be placed in a molded mold and molded simultaneously with the core.

509808/0800 BATHROOM ORIGINAL.

The unitary plate according to the present embodiment The invention is shaped so that it has sufficient strength to provide the desired thermal and acoustic insulation to grant as well as a load bearing plate

to produce as a component that can be used in the construction of a building without the need for a supporting structure, while the one-piece inner and outer layers have tine surface design, ie °. no further coating, painting or other treatment required

When you form wall panels, you create elongated passages and 288 (Figs. 26,27) formed in the manner shown in Fig. 22, which extend through the plates from upper passage 264 to lower passage 266. These Passages are provided to stop electrical lines "jn, which are intended for doa buildings, but mainly serve to hold handrails 29o (Fig. 25), with which the building system at its base bz ^ r. foundation to hold the building tightly together.

The partition panels 2l6 inside the house 2i »> (see also Fig. 32) correspond essentially to the wall panels 212, and have passages on their upper and lower edges as well as tongues and grooves on their side edges (see. Fig. 26). The inner divider panels are preferably sandwiched formed (Fig. 3o) and have a core made of foamed material between two outer layers, the

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create the desired wall decoration. Both wall panels as well as partition wall panels can be provided with window and door openings, depending on the need, with these Openings suitable s ^ in can, conventional windows and To include the door frame »i.

Ur * dxe wall and partition wall panels on the Bor'-m or a To position another suitable base, a plurality of elongated floor wedges 292 (Figs. 24,25) can be provided be. These wedges have a cross-section that corresponds to

the wall plate

of the lower passage 266 /, and take hold of the foundation and the lower parts of the lower passage to hold the plate in place. These wedges can by means of Screws are attached to the floor, they can also be glued or in any other suitable manner, in such a way that the arrangement of the walls and the Partitions determined. As shown in Fig. 2-i, the floor wedges are located around the edge of the floor 22o and define the position for the outer wall of the building; they are arranged inside so that they match the position of the room Define dividing walls

The floor wedges can be made of wood, plastic or another made of suitable material and placed sufficiently close to the edge of the floor 220 to ensure that that the outer surface of the plate 212 is the outer edge of the The floor is overlapped to prevent water from entering the building. The wedge has a trapezoidal cross-section

509800/0800

and generally in the shape of an inwardly facing V, with dimensions substantially the same but minor are smaller than the dimensions of the lower passage 266. The wedge therefore has an upper flat face ? 94 and Seitenwäride 296 and 298, which develop from the front face outwards in a kegea-frustum shape in a training vt ~ young, which ensures a tight fit between the wedge and the corresponding walls of the passage, so d «ß all walls of the wedge are connected as a common load bearing, namely with the corresponding walls of the passage, when the panels are precisely positioned on the wedges. The tapering of the side walls shown in the figures channel 266 and wedge 292 are exaggerated for clarity; the tax angle can be smaller than the one shown.

The upper edges 260 of the panels, when assembled to form a building, are covered by roofing or roofing. Ceiling panels 214 are positioned and held in position which are adapted to form the upper passageways of the plates 212. The roof panels are molded from high-density polyurethane in the form used for the wall panels previously described manner, however, they may differ in that an outer surface 300 of the plate is designed without an outer protective layer, so that the roof is covered with a protective layer of vinyl or a more familiar one Roofing material can be provided after the building is erected. The lower or the ceiling surface 302 of the roof panel is, however, preferably with an outer

509808/0800 "

Protective layer that provides a complete cover for the Building guaranteed *

As FIGS. 24 and 25 show, the roof panel is generally triangular in shape, with the upper surface 300 forming the outer roof surface and the lower surface forming the building ceiling. Shape and strength dei? veroob ^y umten roof panel provide a sufficient strength, the plate dafj the distance between dfcxi Seit.onwänden can uberspaunen of the building while at the same time the Anorderungen the Tragebelc? .stung is suited for comparable sizes. The front and rear edges of the panel have a tongue and groove arrangement similar to that of the side edges (wall and partition panels), whereby adjacent roof panels can be connected to one another and additionally provide support and strength. The roof panel shown in FIG 214 has a tongue 304 which extends laterally across the plate

Tongue formed as an inwardly directed, spread out V, but it can, if desired, also be in a straight line across the plate. The tongue. Is designed so that it engages a corresponding groove on the next adjacent plate ', and the opposite The end of the plate has a groove, not shown, which engages the tongue of its next adjacent plate, so that the plates can be connected to one another end-to-end are. -

The lower surface 302 of each roof panel 214 has under

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Il> *, - (III >

Spaced, depending projections or lugs 306 and 308 which grip the upper passages of those panels which form the opposite side walls of the residential building 210. These downwardly directed tabs are generally trapezoidal in cross-section and extend the length of the plate, adjacent to the downwardly cleared tabs 306 and 308 and flanking them are each a pair of parallel ¹ ". Grooves 310, 12 and 314,316 are provided, which cooperate with the tabs 306 and? 08 and form spaced, depending beams with a U-shaped formed surface. The trapezoidal shape of the beam parts 306 and 308 corresponds to the shape of the upper passages 26A "de: The curvature of the walls and the width of the beams and passageways match each other so that a snug fit occurs when the roof engages the wall. The grooves 310,312 and 314,316 are correspondingly shaped to grip the upper edge 260 of the wall plate, the side walls of the grooves engaging and encompassing the edge 260 such that the carrier fits into the upper passage on the wall plate when assembled, and the upper edge the wall fits into the grooves on either side of the beams so that there is firm surface contact as a load beam between all corresponding wall portions of the beam, its adjacent grooves and the top edge and passage area of the wall panels.

I ·

Fig. 25 shows that the support portion of the roof panel has four generally vertically formed wall portions, the

509808/0800

ι - II ».

gripping corresponding generally vertical surfaces on the wall panels 212; the sides of the beam 306 engage the sides 268 and 270 of the passage 264, and the outsides of the grooves, e.g., 310 and 312, engage the outer pores and inner surfaces of the wall panel. The carrier also has three generally horizontally formed wall parts, JIe corresponding generally horizontal surfaces, on the top edge of the wall panel grip; the lower portions of the grooves 310 and 312 engage corresponding surfaces of the upper edge 260, and the lower side of the support member 306 engages the base 272 of the passage 264 when the roof and walls are mated. The frusto-conical passage and the carrier to facilitate the composition of the components and ensure proper alignment of the plates, while the horizontal contact surfaces represent flat load surfaces, to ensure that a load of the building not pull apart the Vrandplatten. The groove-shaped design of the support surface enables the roof panel to grip the outer sides of the wall panel, so that additional stability and strength of the assembled building is guaranteed, namely against lateral loads such as occurs, for example, in strong winds.

Aligned with support areas 306 and 308 and on each Arranged on the side of the upper surface of the roof panel 214 are draw-in troughs 318 and 320 for receiving handrails 322 and 324 (see Fig. 25). Extend the handrails. along the edges of the plates and bridging the

509808/0800 '"' t

-42 binding parts between adjacent roof panels to hold the panels together. In addition, the bars work as a support or seal for the clamping bolts 290 and

of the roof

prevent the heads of the rods from penetrating the foam / who the building will be put together. The holding rods extend around the edge of the roof on de.-n Building 210 and not only hold the panels together, but they also prevent the building from falling open forces acting on its sidewalls is rotated.

The wall, roof and trembling wall panels, as described so far are, in general, rectangular and coincident with one another. But of such To build a building, of course, some modifications have to be made to accommodate the panels make necessary corners or Eckverbiridungen, and to close the ends of the roof. Accordingly it is provided that the wall panels depending on Erfddernic can be modified to form a corner construction, such as the L-shaped plate 326 of FIG. 28. With the exception of the kink or corner which approximately one-sided in, the plate is present, corresponds to this Plate the plates described above and has an upper passage 328 and a lower passage, not shown, extending across the top and bottom of the panel from side edge to side and having a tongue and groove arrangement have on the side edges that allow the corner panel to be connected to the wall panels 212. Alternatively, the corners for the building can be made from corner panels

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330 (Fig. 29) formed from a tongue 332 (or a groove) on the inner surface 334 , urJ. not on the side edge of the plate. The To; ge 332 engages the groove on the side edge of the adjacent plate 336 in the usual manner to produce the desired corner formation. Of course you can

as. Such tongues can also be provided in other places / along the edges ₄

to position the inner partitions.

A modified form of roof panel is also intended for use in the end of the roof structure. The modified roof panel, for example panels 33 ^{8 un (} i 3 ^ 0 (Figs. 23, 24, 28 and 29), have laterally extending beams, e.g. beams 3 ^ 2 in Fig. 29, the upper passages 344 in the Grip panels, such as wall panels 330 and 346, which constitute the end walls of the building facility. Beam 342 is formed similar to beams 306 and 308 on roof panel 214 and is in fact L-connected to these side beams as at 347 in FIG 29 connected to form a continuous beam which engages the continuous passageway in the wall panels to secure the building.

The assembly of a building from the roof, wall and partition panels according to FIGS . 23-33 can be seen from the previous description and the figures. In short, a building according to the present invention can be configured as follows.

50 9 8 08/0800

of opposite end walls 358 and 360, with a continuous wall around the edge of the base 220 is formed (see. Fig. 24, 28 and 29). It is shown that the last panel to be positioned in the wall from the upper part of the wall ^ to the bottom can »with the side edges of this plate with the already positioned neighboring plates over tongues and anger ^ fj can be misunderstood.

After completing the edge arrangement, the roof panels will be installed brought into position, starting with, for example the plates 3? ß or 340. For example the end plate 338 is positioned along the end wall 358 and spans the width of the building, with one of its ends resting on wall 354 and its worse end resting on wall 356. De: · hanging window or door frames of the .bach plate 338 engages the upper passage of at least a portion of the corner or end panels on walls 354 and 356, thereby bridging the building "nd the side end walls be connected to each other. For example, the roof panel 338 therefore engages the corner panel 326, the wall panels 362 and 364 form the end wall 358, the opposite corner plate 366, a part of the plate 36ε on the side wall and a part of the plate 370 on the side wall 356 (cf. 23,24). Fig. 28 shows that the roof panel overlaps the junction 37P between panels 326 and 368, so that the carrier of the roof panel holds the two wall panels in alignment, causing the wall panels to move of the mobile house, namely winch or the like. interfering

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kende forces shear forces on the continuous support, and not on any joints between Bring neighboring roof panels into effect. This deviation of the plates leads to improved moisture resistance characteristics for the building. When the roof panel is positioned over the joint 372, the Cover strips 252 and 254 in those formed by the notches Holes in the neighboring pillars. The upper ends the strip. aligns with the surfaces of the plates and fits into the grooves 310 and 312, and they are through the roof panel held in place. The lower ends of the strips can be attached by gluing or other fastening measures,

A second roof panel 374 is then positioned on the building. spans walls 354 and 356 and engages the upper passages in the side wall panels. the

The corner of the roof panel 374 is connected to the corner of the panel 333, the tongue 376 on the panel 338 engages a corresponding groove on the adjacent panel in order to keep the roof panels in one plane and to produce an additional load capacity. As shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, the roof panel 374 overlaps the connection points between the side wall panels 368 and 370 and the panels initially adjacent to them, as already mentioned, in order to ensure an exact alignment of the upper edges of the walls. The remaining roof panels are positioned on the walls in a similar manner, with the roofing

509808/0800

Plate 340 also grips the opposite end plate 36O, whereby the side walls are connected to one another and to the end walls by bridging them through the roof plates .

When the C-building is put together, the roof troughs 31P and 320 in each "roof panel" align with one another and form a continuous hollow that extends the length of the building. The troughs also extend laterally via the end plates 338 and 340 as shown at 378 and 380 in Figs. 28 and 29 so that a continuous indentation around the perimeter of the upper surface of the roof is in a perpendicular plane with the continuous beam extending from the lower surface (and 4, respectively) Ceiling) hangs down from the roof. After assembly of the plates the retaining bars are positioned in the troughs 322 and ^ 24 wherein the holding bars extend around the periphery of the building around.

To complete the assembly of the building , tension bolts 290 are inserted through holes drilled in the support rods and roof panels in alignment with openings 286 and 288 in each wall panel. The clamping bolts are guided through the retaining rods, the roof panels and the openings in the wall panels and through corresponding holes drilled into the floor wedges in the floor 220 and into the retaining mechanism 222 (see FIG. 25). The upper end of each of the clamping bolts has an enlarged head 382, while the lower end is threaded 384 and

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a nut 386 picks up. The nuts are screwed onto the clamping bolts and pulled tightly against the frame 22k, with the head part being pulled down against the support rod and wcbei the roof panel against the wall panels and di *! Wall panels are pressed against the floor wedges. When all spam bolts are firmly tightened, ^ p that all between the support rod and the foundation frame are in tension, the forces exerted by the bolts set the window or door bracket firmly in the upper passages of the. Wall and the floor sink ?! in the lower passages of the wall so that a stiff, rigid wall is made. The interlocking tongue and groove joints, as well as the beams with their adjacent 'wall-receiving grooves, engage with the upper edges of the wall panels, the lower passageways that engage the floor panels, the overlapping roof and wall panels, the support rods that overlap the roof panel joints and the Clamping bolts, which pull all these parts together, work together in a surprising way and thus produce a stable, strong building that is resistant to twisting, expansion, vibrations and other external forces. · All parts 3 are shaped in such a way that they reinforce each other when they work together, whereby the bends at the connection points between the roof and the wall panels create a large supporting surface that creates outstanding strength. The openings 286 and 288 in the wall panels have a larger diameter than that

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Clamping bolts 290. This allows the wall panels themselves to be slightly more resilient under wind loads so that the walls can withstand higher wind pressure without being damaged than when the tensioning bolts are in contact with the wall panels. Such a contact transfers the force of the winch directly to the tensioning bolts and kinks them, while the force of the winch is transferred to the carrier and thus to the roof panels w: .rd. In this way the load is distributed but ρ ine large area, and zwcu ^1, characterized in that large BeIostungsflochen are provided, which ensure greater stability fi * r the building.

After completing the rotating assembly and tightening the clamping bolt, the troughs 318 and 320 can up to the level of the roof surface with a suitable filling material, for example Urethane blocks, to be filled. Afterward kari'.i the roof with sheet metal covering, a poured one Waterproofing covering or other conventional roof coverings to be covered.

During the assembly of the outer walls or after their completion, the inner partitions can be joined together , for which purpose the partition panels 216 described are used. A method of assembling these Walls are shown in FIGS. 32 and 33. The plate ^ 16 has a sandwich described below Construction as well as tongue and groove on the side edges and

the trapezoidal passages at / upper and lower

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Edges, similar to the wall panels previously described 212.

The dividing wall panels are located inside the building -, which can be a mobile house according to FIGS. 23 and 24, or another building that is made with the panels according to the invention is built, or a properly constructed building. the Separation plates are secured by wedges 3 <I> 8 on the bottom, the Foundation or other base on which the partition walls be arranged collen, attached. If the partition panels one flat, angular on an existing wall 390 forms an abutting wall, an orientation strip, as described above, can be attached to the existing wall be. The orientation strip can form a tongue that has a corresponding groove in the side edge 394 of FIG. Plate 216 grips to hold the plate in place vertically. The tongue 392 can of course be single be formed with the wall plate to which the partition wall should toast.

The top of the plate 216 engages a ceiling wedge or

Strip? 96, which can be provided on any existing ceiling. If the ceiling is too high or if the partition is to stand freely, the strip 396 is left unattached, but it is then placed in the upper passage of the panel Plate 216 positioned between strips 388 and 396 and in

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Direction of arrow 398 brought into engagement with strip 392. If the strip 396 is not attached to the ceiling, it will the plate positioned on strip 398, engages brought to strip 392, and strip j *? 6 becomes "in that upper passage of the plate posi + ionized.

The divider panel is secured in place by a strap 400 attached to strips 388 and 396. The Ba :: d 400 is a thin flat belt orter a sheet of metal, cloth or other suitable Materjnl, and terminates at the ends in the _{T-402, among others} ßtücke 404. ^ Fi _g. 33 shows that the tees have an opening 4θ6 through which they em the ceiling or attached Bodenkeileri werder "can. After the panel 216 is properly positioned, the tension band is brought into position against the free side edge of the panel, as inclined by arrows 408, with one arm of the T-pieces extending into the passageways formed in the panel. The other arm of the tee is then screwed or otherwise attached to its corresponding wedge, tightening the screws tensioning the band 400 and pulling the floor and ceiling wedges together. In this way, the wedges are drawn slightly into the upper and lower passages and hold the wall panel in place. Similarly, additional panels can be attached between the upper and lower wedges to form a partition.

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Fig. 34 shows a modified embodiment of the Connecting device by which adjacent panels are held together and are vertically aligned. Instead of the zimgen-groove arrangement with the cover strip for the prebinding point according to FIG. 30, there is a jeaa

414 of the plates, for example plate 412 with grooves / provided on both side edges. The remaining plate including the upper passage 416 and a lower passage (not shown) is constructed according to the embodiments described above, the upper passage having a support 418 trapezoidal cross-section and the lower passageway fits over an oxide trapezoidal bottom wedge 420 which is attached to a suitable base or foundation 422. The grooves 414 in the "adjacent Se-'tenkartsn in front of opposing plates find for receiving a corresponding strip of nails or stop 424 formed, with a single stop being made sufficiently long so that it does not extend Με into the upper and lower passages.

After the wall is assembled, the stop 424 is fitted into the corresponding side edge grooves of adjacent panels and the flats are secured by nailing through the surface coating or panel and core material 426 to the stop so that they are held together. Nail strips are provided between all adjacent panels, for example strips 424 'between adjacent panels 412 and 412 , which in FIG.

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BATH ORIGINAL

clarify the construction. This type of construction allows adjacent panels to abut one another, see above that it is not necessary to provide cover strips of the type shown in FIG.

The wall panel 412 is between the upper bracket 418 and the lower orientation wedge 420 by means of a pull length 427 of the type previously described attached. In the execution rl'orra 34, however, the rod does not extend into the foundation 422, but is attached to an arm 428 which is shaped accordingly in the wedge 420, namely by nails, screws or other suitable fasteners. The lower iinde of the rod 4k7 is threaded, oehciix, as shown at 430, and the thread assumes a suitable one Halteinricht.img, example! s have a mother 4 * 2, which is welded to the top surface of plates 428. The wedge 420 ipts to the foundation 422 for example attached by a J-hook 434 one end of which is embedded in the foundation, the foundation being made of concrete may exist, and the other end of the hook extends through a suitable opening in the wedge 4i; 0 and i3t therethrough a nut 436 or other fastener. made. Similar fastening hooks are at a distance provided along the wedge 42Π and form a solid base for the wall panels.

The pull rod 427 extends through an opening 438 in the plate 412 and a corresponding opening 440 in the

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Carrier. 418, and is at its other end at 442 with Provided thread that or the like for receiving a nut, not shown. serves. The carrier 418 can thus be in the Passage 416 is drawn in when the rod 427 is attached, whereby the plate, as described above, is attracted. In this embodiment, the Carrier made of wood, plastic or other suitable material, and serves to adjoin adjacent panels to be aligned and fastened without having to pay attention to a special ceiling or roof construction. As in In the previous embodiments, the support is designed to decart the joints between adjacent ones Plates is spanned, so that the shear forces to separate the plates at their delimiting points • "■ request both of that. Carriers as well as of the stops 424 are received.

This embodiment simplifies the construction of various types Wall configurations with the panels according to the invention, through the use of an arm 428, the one allows quick and easy assembly of a wall without the problem of aligning the wall panels with prepositioned Openings or stops in the itindament consists. Using the arm and pull rod of Figure 34, the rod is passed through the opening of the plate guided and the arm attached to the 2nde of the rod. The plate to be erected is positioned on the wedge 420 and aligns with the preceding plate, the nail strip

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is inserted into corresponding edge grooves to ensure vertical alignment -.- The plate is then raised to free the arm 428, which can then be pushed down against the wedge 420 and nailed down. The plate is lowered, and over the clon wedge and arm, and the next adjacent plate is positioned in the same way. The carrier 418 is then passed into the upper passage 416 of the panels, with the tie rod passing through corresponding openings in the carrier, and nuts or other fasteners are screwed onto the upper end of the rod and the upper carrier is easily pulled into the channel 416 , thereby securely attaching the wall to the foundation. The wedge shape of the upper and lower channels and their corresponding supports ensure a stable, precisely aligned wall construction, whereby the plates are brought into compression in order to prestress them. The side edges of the plates can, for example by nailing, be tied to the attacks, to complete the composition.

The plates according to the present invention facilitate not only the structure of a straight wall area, but also that of the corner, intersecting walls, partitions, etc. Fig. 34 shows the ease with which it is cutting walls can be formed. There a plate 444 abuts a plate 412 to form an angled wall area. The plate 444 can by means of

509808/0800

of a nail strip 424 are attached, which is first applied to the surface of the plate 412, for example by gluing, with an edge groove of plate 444 being fitted over and secured to the nail strip will. The upper channel 446 of the plate 444 is then made by / tepsclineiden the top edge of plate 412 at 448 designed as an extension or continuation of the channel 416 det and the lower channels, not shown, are treated in a similar manner. The upper beam 418 is then modified by attaching it to a carrier 450, for example connected by means of a T-piece 452 *, where the second carrier is also attached to the passage 446.

The plate 444 can, via one not shown be adapted, which is attached to the foundation 422 and there, if desired, attached to the wedge with a T-piece. Tie rods are provided to, as already mentioned, the Attach the plate to the floor. If the tie rods like that are attached to the top support 418,450 down Pull into the passages 416,446, the plates are one below the other connected and firmly attached to the foundation.

A building board is thus described, d ^ e on new and surprising V / eise made of foamed or foam-like material in the factory and transported to a construction site where the panels can quickly and easily become resilient or non-resilient walls Conversion of a building can be erected. the

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Slabs are erected so that, in one embodiment of the invention, they form a continuous, unitary shape into which concrete is poured to fill a network of openings or passages within each of the slabs so that a resilient, interconnected and uniform supporting structure arises, which stands as masts and girders. * 4it d'jm pouring the concrete, the wall construction of the building complex is complete, and the plattenform remains a part of the wall in the long term attaching the top panel to the top surface of the wall) so that the time required to assemble the panels is greatly reduced . This has the further advantage of reducing the number of tools required.

In the second embodiment, the erect Panels load-bearing walls as well as roof and partition panels represent, which are interconnected and attached to a foundation, creating a stable; permanent Buildings or other building elements and structures arise. The walls according to this embodiment are through Attached tie rods that run through the piauts and the problem of fastening elements opening into the panels Eliminate that fall out of the foam core from there under load. The present design is also particularly advantageous in that it is easy to assemble and detach, so that when one or more panels

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are damaged, the tie rods are easily listed and the damaged panels, be it roof or wall panels, are pulled out and the new panels pushed in, damaged roof panels can simply be exchanged, and then the construction is screwed back together.

The same exchange possibilities of plates represent one Another advantage is that in a simple manner, if desired, an ocL ^ r several Räucio are attached to the building can be. Such added spaces can be euf simple things can be connected to the existing walls, using the panels and assembly method of the present invention.

As a result of the extremely heavy loads, often with Transporting a mobile home can cause considerable damage to known structures arise «The twisting and tearing forces that the walls and Tearing the roof out of the square can severely damage these units and often cause the cover plates get out of the frame and costly repairs. . require. The construction according to the second embodiment of the present invention resists this kind from damage because of the outer panels emerging from the frame members can solve, are not provided. However, if it is expected that during transportation, a mobile House heavy loads will occur, the tie rods of the unit in question can be loosened and thus the stress voltage leading to damage

gen can be eliminated * · The Κοηε + ruktion can in this State, and when it has reached its destination, the tie rods are tightened again, and the building is back in its original state State.

Although in the previous one a mobile house is exemplary As has been described, the present invention can of course be applied to a variety of types of buildings will:*. Modifications to the panels disclosed are also possible.

It is important for the invention that interconnected, molded panels for forming walls and partitions of buildings and building systems or conversions of different Kind are provided. The above are in particular the formation of the plates for outer side walls and internal partitions and the method of making them are described together with a system for setting up a building or other system. the Wall panels are molded from sturdy, lightweight foam material, with both major surfaces already with the finished structure or fiber and the Appearance of the wall are prepared. In one embodiment of the invention, openings or passages are provided, which extend the length of the plates and across their upper end, so that the plates after the Assembly serve as a form for receiving a concrete-like building material, since the load-bearing capacity of the wall

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represents. When the panels are assembled in the desired building shape, the openings are made with the concrete-like material! ¹ filled, so that a stable wall system is created, with little effort on labor, time, material, effort and costs.

In a second embodiment, the panels have corresponding tongues and grooves on adjacent vertical edges that hold the panels in alignment and Kaiite-an-Kantc. The openings or passages formed along the top edges of the panels , and upwardly directed channels which are generally of a V-shaped cross-section. Identical, downwardly directed channels are formed along the lower edges of the panels, roof panels are formed with corresponding tongues and grooves on abutting edges, where ¹ ″ λ the The lower surface of each panel has, along its outer edges, a depending, integrally formed support or »window or door bracket, which also has a V-shaped ύα? ^ has cut and adapts to the shape of the channels, on each side of the support, the lower surface of the roof panel is indented or has a groove _f which receives the upper edges of the wall panels, so

fixed
that wall and roof panels / mite 5 are connected to each other.

The top surface of each roof panel has a trough around its edge in which a flat tie rod is received, which extends over adjacent roof panels, and that holds them together. When building a building with

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BATH ORIGINAL

these panels, the roof panels are separated from the wall panels in order to join adjacent panels Establish strength. The roof and wall panels are assembled into a building system and are vertical through are held by the tie rods, the roof panels and the wall panels downwardly extending clamping bolts, which are attached to a suitable foundation.

- Claims 509808/0800

Claims (1)

Expectations 1. Flatten and mold combination for use in the construction of walls of a building, marked by a large number of interconnected, essentially non-loadable Wall panels (Iu) made of foamed plastic material (50.), wherein each of the plates has a channel-shaped opening or a passage (1g), the hoiizontal over the upper one. Plate edge (13) extends and with k ^ rrespondie.reiiden channel-shaped trained Dui-chganges (12) of all neighboring Connect plates (10) in a wall construction, as well as at least one rod-shaped passage (14), which extends vertically through the plate (iO) from its lower edge (16) in such a way that the opening (12) is cut through, and wherein the passages (12,14) are interconnected Form network in the plate (10), remotely by means of a device (26) for erecting and Assembling the plates (10) to form a non-loadable Fand, and diirch a clay-like material filling the network of passages (52) to produce a continuous, uniform, resilient Framework of masts and girders within the walls, each of the panels (10) being a mold 509808/0800 for the concrete-like material (52) and then as permanent, non-loadable Wall element is used. Plate and casting mold combination according to claim 1, characterized in that reinforcement element-e (44,45) are provided to reinforce the framework inside the passages. Plate and casting mold combination according to claim 1, dad'icch marked that a multitude of Post-shaped openings (14) are provided, each of which is substantially parallel to the other runΌ, and such a distance from each other have that the desired load capacity is guaranteed for the framework. Plate and casting mold combination according to claim 3, characterized in that the concrete-like material (52) in the passages (12, 14) is a single, continuous horizontal beam (56) over the upper end of the heat and vertically running support posts (54) forms as a framework that extend through the plates (10). Plate and casting mold combination according to claim 4, characterized in that a plurality of Plates (20,22,24) and a device 509808/0800 Is intended for aligning parallel plates side-by-side so that they form a wall. Plate and casting mold combination according to claim [■>. characterized ^ indicates that the device 71.1m aligning the plates (20,22,24). a tongue and groove arrangement has (90,92) which is an e-it _ö egengesetzten beitenk? .nten of the plates (20,22,24) provided so that adjacent panels zuiii forming the wall are aligned. Method for forming a resilient building ti -ennv / and, thereby gc can be without t, that a prefabricated, non-resilient panel · (10) is formed with light weight, which has a large number of interconnected openings bz ™. Passages (12ji4) that extend vertically through the plate (10) and horizontally at least over the upper edge of the plate (13), that a plurality of ^ .er plates (1C, 2O, 22,24) side-by-side be erected in such a way that the passages (12) extending horizontally over the upper plate edge (13) are connected to one another and arranged in alignment with one another, so that all the passages (12, 14) in all of the plates (10, 20, 22, 24) are one below the other are connected and form a network that the plates (10,20,22,24) are connected to each other, so 509808/0800. . that the plate are held together and form a casting mold, and in that (52) ge _Fe variables in the network, VCN passages (12,14) in a continuous manner betonartip ^ s material, so that a load capable, consistent framework within the plates (10,20 , 22,2A) is trained. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that in the passages (12,14) reinforcement elements (44, Zi>,) are provided between the extend interconnected passages (12,14) and reinforce the strength of the framework, and that Hp.ltestangen (53 »36) in the Connection points between adjacent plates (10,20; 22,24) are used, which extend through the connection points extend into the passages (12 and 14, respectively) of the adjacent plates. 9. A method of making a mold from wall panels for use in building a load bearing Wall, characterized in that a shape (190) is formed which has the shape and Dimensions of the desired plate (20), the mold (190) having a top and bottom and has four walls that in the bottom of the mold preformed
(190) a first / sheet (192) is given, whose outward-facing surface the structure, 509808/0800 Having characteristics and the rwünschten for the outer surface of the finished plate (20) "Pattern> that a plurality of tubular Schahlon u or templates (196.197 | 198)? Which extend over the length of the mold (190), in this at ₆ 9 ~ arranges the vertical passages / form in the finished panel (20) so that the tubular templates (196, etc.) are held at a first end (200) in recesses (202, 203, 204) in a first wall of the mold that along a second wall of the mold, opposite the first wall, a U-shaped template (206) is provided and fastened against the second wall at a distance from its upper and lower cortex, so that a horizontal opening or passage (12 ) is formed along the upper edge of the finished plate (20) that the tubular templates (196, etc.) are held at a second end (208) by the U-shaped template (206) that a second arch at the top of the mold (209) is provided, its outward oriented surface the structure, Desired characteristics and those for the / outer surface of the finished plate (20) has the interior of the mold between the first sheet (192) and the second Sheet (209) is filled with foamed plastic material, the plastic material (50) adheres to the first and second arches in such a way that a uniform, non-load-bearing wall 509808/0300 2436576 plate (20) is formed with a low weight, the a plurality of interconnected Has passages (12,14), which dmjh the plate (20) extend from bottom to top or along the upper end of the plate, that dit *
Plate (kO) is removed from the shape so that a plurality of plates (20,22,24) are erected adjacent to one another to form a wall, the plates being arranged such that the ones extending along the upper end of the plates Passages (12) are aligned with one another and connected to one another so that they form a continuous passage, all of the passages (12, 14) in the plurality of plates (20, 22, 24) being connected to one another in such a way that a net frame is formed that the plates (20,22,24) are assembled with one another in such a way that a casting mold is created, and that concrete-like material (52) is continuously poured into the framework of passages (12,14) so that the from the plates (20,22 , 24) formed wall is loadable, while the non-loadable panels (20,22,24) serve as a casting mold and as wall panels, 10. A method of forming a building or an _e. A building wall characterized by having a plurality of wall panels (212) side by side 509808/0800 is formed on a foundation (220) for forming a wall for the building (210) that a plurality of roof panels (214) side-by-side and bridging the walls to form one Roof for the building * (210) is formed, and that clamping bolts (290) are arranged in such a way; that they are through the Γ-ach- and the wall panels (214, 212) extend to the foundation (2? 0) so that the wall and j. the roof panels (212,214) attached to the dome foundation (220) in the assembled state. 11.- The method according to claim 10, characterized in that that when assembling the roof panels (214) and bridging the wall panels (212) the Dacholatton (212) with drooping at a distance Carriers (306,308) are exercised that in the Upper edges of the wall panels (212) channels (204) are provided for receiving the supports (306, 308 ") and that the spaced apart Carrier (306,308) mix; corresponding passages or channels (264) engage, which are spaced in the wall panels (212) are provided so that by
/ the roof panels (214) the distance between the Wall panels (212) is bridged. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the carrier (306,308) and the channels (264) 509808/0800 are designed to match so that the clamping bolts (290) the carrier (306,308) and the Turn passages (264) tightly together. 13. Construction system for the production of a building "Lz.v.-einer Gebctudeumwaniung, characterized by a plurality of wall panels ¹ " (212) with lower orbunclenen side edges and in an arrangement, the panels side-by-side in to grab
each a and / walls of the building form, further characterized by a plurality of roof panels (214) with interconnected side edges, said Plat ⁺ on side-by-5oite train engage with each other and a roof for the building, by complimentary arranged connecting parts (306 , ; 260)
308 / on the roof panels (214 ^ and the wall panels (212), Wfjbei the brook panels grasp the wall panels and held by them sixid, and by clamping bolts (290) which extend essentially vertically through the roof panels (214) and the wall panels (212 ) and thereby pull the connecting device (306, 308; 260) together so that the roof panels are rigidly attached to the wall panels, whereby the wall panels (212) and the roof panels (214) are self-supporting. 14 ·. Building system according to claim 13 _f, characterized in that each of the wall panels (212) has a foam 509808/0800 material core (280) has its essential Surfaces are formed by machined outer layers (282,284) that have the desired develop internal and external appearance. 15. Construction system according to claim 14, characterized in that Cas foam material (280) is still tight Is urethane. 16. Building system according to claim 15 »characterized in that each of the wall panels (212) has a tongue (246) on one side edge and a groove (234) on the opposite side edge, so each wall panel (212) ate with the heanchbaren wall panels the assembly of the building (210) is firmly connected. 17. Building system according to claim 16, characterized in that that each of the wall panels (212) along their upper Edge (26Q) has a passage (264), which receives and supports the roof panels (214). 18. Building system according to claim 17 _f, characterized in that each of the wall panels (212) extends at least one perpendicular from the upper passage (264) through the panel (212) to its lower end (262) 'Has extending opening or passage (286) for receiving the pull rod (290). 5O9808 / Ö8OQ 19. Building system according to claim 18, characterized in that S & de of the wall panels (212) have a lower passage (266) formed on their lower edge (262) and a foundation (2? Q) for the building (210) and on the foundation has attached orientation elements (? 92) which are provided for gripping the lower passages (266) of the wall panels and which define the arrangement of the building walls. 20, building system according to claim 13 »characterized. that the roof panels (214) are made of foamed material (50), and that at least theirs Under the surface with a part for the house Desired outer layer with a ceiling appearance (302) is given away. 21. Construction system according to claim 20, characterized in that the Schaumstoffma + erial (50) is a high density foamed urethane is. 22, building system according to claim 2O _4, characterized in that that the complementarily arranged connecting devices girders provided at a distance and hanging down from each salt of the roof plate (214) (306,308) and corresponding passages (264) in the upper edge (262) of the side walls (212) are, wherein the passages (264) the carriers (306, 509808/0800 ί 308) for attaching the roof panels (214) to the Pick up wall panels. '· 23. Building system according to claim 22, characterized in that that each of the supports (306, 308) is located at one center with an orderly, generally trapezoidal shape Cross-sectioned, from the lower surface the roof plate hanging part and one - hat »(310) formed in the lower surface of each depending portion, wherein the surface jets the carrier (306,308). reverse U forms, and wherein the depending parts (306, 308) of the carrier are the corresponding tightly grip passages (264) of the wall panels / and the grooves (310,3i2) on each side of the depending parts the upper edge areas (260) of the wall panel adjacent the passage (264) are the inner and outer surface sides of the wall panels seize. 24. Construction system according to claim 23 * characterized in that or channels that each of the roof panels (2i4) troughs / (318,320) has on its upper surface that are flush with the supports (306,308), and that for the. Gutters. . Holding rods (324) are provided. . · 25. Building system according to claim 24, characterized in that 509 808/080 0 that the clamping device is a plurality of clamping bolts (290) which extend vertically through the Support bars (324), the roof panels (214), the and Supports (305,308), / the passages (264) of the wall panels (212) extend, and that the wall panels, the carriers (306,308) and the adjacent ITat ^ n (310 312; in rigid contact with the passages (5 * 0) (264) and the upper edges / aer plates /.vängen. 26. Building system according to claim 19, characterized in that that Irennv / andpluut m (216) for building Walls inside the building (210) are provided, and that the partition plate ^ 216) together permanently connectable. "side edges as well as upper and lower Passages for assembling with adjacent part Plates (216) uid with an orientation device (396) possess. 27. Building system according to claim 26, characterized in that a ceiling orientation (39 ^) for the upper passages and tensioning straps (400) are provided, the straps (400) between the orientation strips (388) and the orientation strips (396 ) are attached and hold the partition (216) in position. 28. Building construction with a foundation supporting a large number of load-bearing wall panels, 509808/0800 the wall panels being arranged side-by-side, and each panel extending the full height of a wall of the building, characterized in that each of the panels (212) has connecting means (234,246) that support the panels (212) aligns and secures adjacent panels; after the building (210) is assembled that a passage (262) is provided in and extends across the upper edge (260) of the panel (212), the passage being smaller than the thickness of the panel and having a trapezoidal cross-section that an upper beam (306, 308) is provided with a trapezoidal cross-section, which cross-section corresponds to that of the passage (262), that clamping bolts (290) are provided which are attached to one end of the foundation (220) and extend perpendicularly through the Plate (212) and the upper beam (306,308) extend, and that means (322) is provided, which the clamping bolts (290) attached to the brackets (306,308) to bring them down / into the passage (? 64) so that the Plate (212) is firmly tightened and can be positioned on the foundation (220), the matching cross-sections of the beams (306,308) and the passage (264) prevents the plate from being torn apart by the clamping bolt 509808/0300 generated pressure load distributed. 29. Building structure according to claim 28, characterized in that since "the passage (264) in the plate (212) has a flat base (272) and upwardly and outwardly kegelstumpffö" nig Verl "uf ° NOEO side wall (268.270) has. wherein the supports (306, 308) host a flat base suitable to grip the base (272) of the passage and wherein the sides of the supports are frusto-conical and grip the sides of the passage when the support (306, 308 ) is pulled through the clamping bolts (290) into the passage (26'4) - the carrier spanning the connection point between adjacent plates (212) so that they are aligned with one another. 30. Prefabricated wall construction with a low weight with a number of vertically arranged, non-load-bearing wall panels, each of which is flush with one another edge-to-edge, characterized in that each of the Plates (20, 22, 24; 212) have a core (280) foamed a / high density, has organic resin material which define the thickness of the core (280) of which is arranged generally as a rectangular plate having parallel spaced apart Wesent grip road surfaces, wherein the core by at a distance upstream 509808/0800 BATH ORIGINAL seen upper and lower edges and is limited by spaced first and second side edges that an outer layer enf. a few *; ens one of the surfaces of the core (280) is provided which forms a complete wall surface, that a tongue (246) is formed on the side edge for harvesting and is borrowed along its length extends, conclusively that with an "adjacent plate / can be connected that a we rentlicher ,, trapezoidal cross-section formed passage (12 or 264) is formed in the upper edge (13 or 260) and extends over the length of the aligns with the passages (12 DZV ^. 264) of adjacent plates, that a lower passage (266) with a slightly trapezoidal cross-section is formed on the lower edge (16 or 26.-?) it extends over the lye, which is aligned with the passage (266) of adjacent plates, dfc.ß a support (306, 308) with a substantially trapezoidal cross-section corresponding to the design of the passage (264 or 266) is provided so that floor wedges (292) with a substantially trapezoidal cross-section are provided are provided in terms of the formation of the passage (266), and that clamping bolts (290) are connected between the beams (306, 30S ^ and the floor wedges (292) which the beams (306, 308) in the passage (264) and 509808/0800 BATH ORIGINAL Pull the floor wedges (292) into the passage (266) so that the plate (20, 22, 24 or 212) is under pressure stands. The patent attorney: 509808/0800 Blank page