DE3843277A1 - Power output stage for electromagnetic loads - Google Patents
Power output stage for electromagnetic loadsInfo
- Publication number
- DE3843277A1 DE3843277A1 DE19883843277 DE3843277A DE3843277A1 DE 3843277 A1 DE3843277 A1 DE 3843277A1 DE 19883843277 DE19883843277 DE 19883843277 DE 3843277 A DE3843277 A DE 3843277A DE 3843277 A1 DE3843277 A1 DE 3843277A1
- Authority
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- transistor
- switching element
- circuit arrangement
- arrangement according
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
- H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
- H02H5/042—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using temperature dependent resistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
- H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
- H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Ver sorgung eines elektromagnetischen Verbrauchers mit einer Einrichtung zur Messung des Stroms durch den Verbraucher und zumindest einem getakteten Schaltglied zum Steuern des Stroms durch diesen Verbraucher. Eine derartige Schaltung ist beispielsweise aus US-PS 45 11 945 bekannt und wird als Treiberschaltung für eine Spule eingesetzt. Bei der bekannten Schaltung sind zwei Transistoren und eine Zener diode betriebsmäßig an die Spule angeschlossen und werden über eine Logikschaltung gesteuert, um den gewünschten Strom an die Spule anzulegen. Ein in Reihe mit der Spule geschalteter Abtastwiderstand dient zur Strommessung, und ein Komparator vergleicht die an diesem Widerstand abfallende Spannung mit einer Steuerspannung. Die beiden Transistoren werden in Abhängigkeit vom Ausgangssignal des Komparators durch die Logikschaltung geschaltet. Mit der bekannten Schaltung soll erreicht werden, daß nach einem hohen Einschaltstrom mit steiler Ausschalt flanke ein niedrigerer Strom aufrechterhalten wird, dessen Ausschaltflanken langsamer abfallen. Die Treiberschaltung für die Spule ist als Stromquelle geschaltet, damit bei einem Ausfall der Treiberschaltung oder bei einem Kurz schluß die Spule abgeschaltet wird. The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for Ver supply of an electromagnetic consumer with a Device for measuring the current through the consumer and at least one clocked switching element for control of electricity through this consumer. Such a circuit is known for example from US-PS 45 11 945 and will used as a driver circuit for a coil. In the known circuit are two transistors and a zener diode is operationally connected to the coil controlled by a logic circuit to the desired To apply power to the coil. One in line with the coil switched sensing resistor is used for current measurement, and a comparator compares that across this resistor falling voltage with a control voltage. The two Transistors are dependent on the output signal of the comparator switched by the logic circuit. The known circuit is intended to achieve that after a high inrush current with a steep shutdown flank a lower current is maintained, the Switch-off edges fall off more slowly. The driver circuit for the coil is switched as a current source, so at a failure of the driver circuit or a short finally the coil is switched off.
Eine derartige Auslegung der Schaltung, bei der im Stör fall eine Abschaltung des nachgeschalteten Verbrauchers erfolgt, ist in vielen Fällen nicht nur wünschenswert, sondern beispielsweise aus Sicherheitsgründen vorgeschrie ben; insbesondere bei Schaltungen, die in Kraftfahrzeugen eingesetzt werden, etwa Getriebesteuerungen, Druckregler systemen und dergleichen. Es gibt allerdings Störungen, die nicht - wie bei einem Kurzschluß - zu einem sofortigen Ausfall einer Treiberschaltung und somit zur sofortigen Abschaltung des nachgeordneten Verbrauchers führen. So kann beispielsweise aufgrund einer Fehlfunktion das Steuer signal für das getaktete Schaltglied zu lange oder sogar ständig auf einem hohen Pegel "EIN" liegen, etwa aufgrund eines Ausfalls des Taktgebers, wodurch der elektromag netische Verbraucher, der ja auf eine getaktete Ansteuerung ausgelegt ist, überlastet würde. Eine Abschaltung wird dann nur innerhalb eines gewissen Zeitraums dadurch erreicht, daß aufgrund der Überlastung in diesem Falle ein Bauteil zerstört und hierdurch der Stromfluß zu dem Verbraucher unterbrochen wird.Such a design of the circuit, in which a shutdown of the downstream consumer occurs in the event of a malfunction, is not only desirable in many cases, but is also prescribed for safety reasons, for example; especially in circuits that are used in motor vehicles, such as transmission controls, pressure regulator systems and the like. However, there are problems that may not - like a short circuit - lead to an immediate loss of a driver circuit and thus to the immediate shutdown of the downstream consumers. For example, due to a malfunction, the control signal for the clocked switching element is too long or even constantly at a high level "ON", for example due to a failure of the clock generator, which overloads the electromagnetic consumer, which is designed for clocked control would. A shutdown is then only achieved within a certain period of time by destroying a component in this case due to the overload and thereby interrupting the current flow to the consumer.
Die erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung zur Versorgung eines elektromagnetischen Verbrauchers mit einer Einrichtung zur Messung des Stroms durch den Verbraucher und zumindest einem getakteten Schaltglied zum Steuern des Stroms, bei welcher dem Schaltglied eine Schalteinrichtung vorge schaltet ist, die mit einem Temperatursensor versehen ist, welcher die Temperatur des Schaltglieds überwacht, hat insbesondere den Vorteil, daß unabhängig von der Art der Störung praktisch jeder Störfall sicher beherrscht werden kann. Dies liegt im wesentlichen daran, daß bei der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung direkt die Überlastung des getakteten Schaltglieds mit Hilfe der Temperaturerhöhung festgestellt wird, die sich bei einer Überlastung ergibt. Hierdurch können auch sämtliche Störfälle des Taktgebers sicher beherrscht werden, da für den Fall, daß das Taktsignal stetig "AUS" ist, das getaktete Schalt glied sperrt und daher keinen Strom in den Verbraucher abgibt, und in dem Fall, daß das Taktsignal stetig "EIN" ist, der temperaturgesteuerte Sicherheitsschalter gemäß der Erfindung das getaktete Schaltglied abschaltet. Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird daher nicht versucht, für eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Störfälle auf kompli zierte Weise Maßnahmen zu deren Behebung vorzusehen, sondern es wird die Wirkung einer Störung, welcher Art die Störung auch sein mag, sicher festgestellt und umgehend eine Abschaltung des getakteten Schaltglieds bewirkt. Ein weiterer wichtiger Vorteil gegenüber dem Stand der Technik besteht darin, daß mit der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung eine sichere Abschaltung ohne Zerstörung eines Bauteils erfolgt.The circuit arrangement according to the invention for supply of an electromagnetic consumer with one device to measure the current through the consumer and at least a clocked switching element for controlling the current, in which the switching element is preceded by a switching device is switched, which is provided with a temperature sensor which monitors the temperature of the switching element, has the particular advantage that regardless of the Type of disruption Virtually every incident is mastered can be. This is essentially because the circuit arrangement according to the invention directly Overloading the clocked switching element with the help of Temperature increase is found, which is at a Overload results. This means that all accidents can occur of the clock are safely mastered, because in the event that the clock signal is continuously "OFF", the clocked switching links and therefore no electricity in the consumer and in the event that the clock signal is continuously "ON" the temperature-controlled safety switch according to the invention switches off the clocked switching element. According to the present invention is therefore not attempted for a variety of different accidents on compli graceful way to provide measures to remedy them, it becomes the effect of a disorder of whatever kind the disorder may be identified safely and promptly causes a switching off of the clocked switching element. Another important advantage over the state of the Technology is that with the invention Circuit arrangement a safe shutdown without destruction of a component.
Vorteilhafterweise ist der Temperatursensor als Heißleiter widerstand (NTC-Widerstand) ausgelegt, der einen negativen Temperaturkoeffizienten aufweist und dessen Widerstand sich daher mit steigender Temperatur des getakteten Schalt glieds verringert. Heißleiterwiderstände sind besonders kostengünstig und stehen in vielfältigen Ausführungs formen standardmäßig zur Verfügung.The temperature sensor is advantageously a thermistor resistor (NTC resistor) designed to have a negative Has temperature coefficient and its resistance therefore with increasing temperature of the clocked switching limbs reduced. Thermistor resistors are special inexpensive and are available in diverse designs shapes available by default.
Ist der Heißleiterwiderstand mit einem Anschluß an den Eingang des getakteten Schaltglieds angeschlossen, so kann die Verringerung des Widerstands des Heißleiter widerstands bei einer zu hohen Spannung am Eingang des getakteten Schaltglieds, die aufgrund des dann durch den Heißleiterwiderstand fließenden höheren Stroms diesen zusätzlich erhitzt, zu einer sicheren Abschaltung genutzt werden. Hierzu ist vorteilhafterweise der Heißleiter widerstand in einer Spannungsteilerschaltung angeordnet, deren Ausgang an die Schalteinrichtung angeschlossen ist.Is the thermistor resistor with a connection to the Input of the clocked switching element connected, see above can reduce the resistance of the thermistor resistance at too high a voltage at the input of the clocked switching element, which is then due to the thermistor resistance flowing higher current this additionally heated, used for a safe shutdown will. The thermistor is advantageously used for this purpose resistor arranged in a voltage divider circuit, whose output is connected to the switching device is.
Das Schaltglied sollte solange ausgeschaltet bleiben, bis etwa nach einem Ausfall des Taktgebers wieder ein ordnungsgemäß getaktetes Steuersignal vorliegt und die Übertemperatur, welche durch den Temperatursensor überwacht wird, des Schaltglieds abgebaut ist. Hierzu ist gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungs gemäßen Schaltungsanordnung die Schalteinrichtung mit einer Selbsthalteeinrichtung versehen. Hierdurch wird ein sich selbst haltender Sicherheitsschalter zur Verfügung gestellt.The switching element should remain switched off as long as until after a clock failure properly timed control signal is present and the Overtemperature, which is monitored by the temperature sensor is removed from the switching element. This is according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention according to the circuit arrangement with the switching device provided a self-holding device. This will a self-holding safety switch is available posed.
Ein besonders einfacher Aufbau der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltung mit geringem Bauteilaufwand läßt sich dadurch realisieren, daß die Schalteinrichtung ein bipolarer Transistor ist, dessen Basis über den Temperatursensor an den Eingang des getakteten Schaltglieds angeschlossen ist, um beim Durchschalten dieses Transistors das Taktsig nal für das Schaltglied über eine weitere Elektrode des Transistors kurzzuschließen. Durch geeignete Auslegung dieses bipolaren Transistors und Abstimmung gegenüber den Eigenschaften des getakteten Schaltglieds läßt sich darüber hinaus noch erreichen, daß selbst für den äußerst unwahrscheinlichen Fall, daß der bipolare Transistor nicht ordnungsgemäß arbeitet, dennoch eine Zerstörung des getakteten Schaltglieds vermieden wird, da bei einer derartigen Überlastung zunächst der bipolare Transistor zerstört wird. A particularly simple structure of the invention Circuit with little component effort can be realize that the switching device is a bipolar Transistor is whose base is via the temperature sensor connected to the input of the clocked switching element is to clock when switching this transistor nal for the switching element via another electrode of the Short circuit transistor. By suitable design facing this bipolar transistor and tuning the properties of the clocked switching element can be beyond that, even achieve that for the extreme unlikely event that the bipolar transistor not working properly, but destruction of the clocked switching element is avoided because at one Such overload first of all the bipolar transistor gets destroyed.
Vorteilhafterweise ist auch die Selbsthalteeinrichtung als bipolarer Transistor ausgebildet. Ein besonders ein facher Schaltungsaufbau ergibt sich, wenn die Schaltein richtung ein NPN-Transistor und die Selbsthalteeinrichtung ein PNP-Transistor ist. Hierzu ist vorteilhafterweise die Basis des NPN-Transistors an den Kollektor des PNP- Transistors angeschlossen, der Kollektor des NPN-Transis tors an die Basis des PNP-Transistors, der Emitter des PNP-Transistors an den Eingang des getakteten Schaltglieds und der Emitter des NPN-Transistors an Masse, um so im Störfall das Schaltsignal für das Schaltglied gegen Masse abzuleiten.The self-holding device is also advantageous designed as a bipolar transistor. A particularly one fold circuit design results when the switch direction an NPN transistor and the self-holding device is a PNP transistor. This is advantageous the base of the NPN transistor to the collector of the PNP Transistor connected, the collector of the NPN transistor tors to the base of the PNP transistor, the emitter of the PNP transistor to the input of the clocked switching element and the emitter of the NPN transistor to ground, so im Malfunction the switching signal for the switching element to ground to derive.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines zeichnerisch dargestellten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert, aus welchem weitere Vorteile und Merkmale hervorgehen. Fig. 1 zeigt ein schematisch stark verein fachtes Blockschaltbild dieser bevorzugten Ausführungs form und Fig. 2 eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Schalteinrichtung mit dem getakteten Schaltglied.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a preferred exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing, from which further advantages and features emerge. Fig. 1 shows a schematically greatly simplified block diagram of this preferred embodiment and Fig. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the switching device according to the invention with the clocked switching element.
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um eine Schaltung zur Ansteuerung und Überwachung der Wicklung einer Spule L in einem Druckreglersystem in Kraftfahrzeugen.The exemplary embodiment is a circuit for controlling and monitoring the winding of a coil L in a pressure regulator system in motor vehicles.
Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Spule L ist von einer Diode D 1 überbrückt und wird von einer Treiberschaltung 12 mit Strom versorgt. Die Treiberschaltung 12 weist drei Anschlüsse 1, 2 und 3 auf. An den Anschluß 1 ist die Spule L angeschlossen, deren anderer Anschluß an einer positiven Versorgungsspannung liegt.The coil L shown in FIG. 1 is bridged by a diode D 1 and is supplied with current by a driver circuit 12 . The driver circuit 12 has three connections 1 , 2 and 3 . Coil L is connected to terminal 1 , the other terminal of which is connected to a positive supply voltage.
Ein Taktgeber 10 gibt ein getaktetes Signal ab, beispiels weise ein Rechtecksignal, das über einen Widerstand R 1 an den Anschluß 2 der Treiberschaltung 12 gelegt ist. An den Anschluß 3 der Treiberschaltung 12 ist ein Strom meßwiderstand R 2 angeschlossen, dessen anderer Anschluß an Masse liegt. Daher kann vom Anschluß 3 ein an dem Strommeßwiderstand R 2 abfallendes Spannungssignal zur Stromregelung abgenommen werden, welches einer nicht weiter im einzelnen dargestellten Stromregelungsschaltung zugeführt wird.A clock generator 10 outputs a clocked signal, for example a square wave signal, which is connected to the terminal 2 of the driver circuit 12 via a resistor R 1 . At the terminal 3 of the driver circuit 12 , a current measuring resistor R 2 is connected, the other terminal of which is connected to ground. Therefore, a voltage signal for current control falling at the current measuring resistor R 2 can be taken from the terminal 3 and is supplied to a current control circuit, which is not shown in further detail.
In Abhängigkeit von dem vom Taktgeber 10 abgegebenen Taktsignal wird ein Schalter S 2 in der Treiberschaltung 12 auf- und zugesteuert. Der Schalter S 2 ist zwischen den Anschlüssen 1 und 3 der Treiberschaltung 12 angeordnet. Durch entsprechende Betätigung des Schalters S 2 wird daher die Spule L im Takt mit Strom versorgt.Depending on the clock signal emitted by the clock generator 10 , a switch S 2 in the driver circuit 12 is turned on and off. The switch S 2 is arranged between the connections 1 and 3 of the driver circuit 12 . By actuating the switch S 2 accordingly, the coil L is supplied with current in time.
Zwischen den Eingangsanschluß 2 der Treiberschaltung 12 und Masse ist ein weiterer Schalter S 1 eingefügt, der im geschlossenen Zustand das Eingangssignal für den Schalter S 2 daher gegen Masse kurzschließt. In Fig. 1 ist durch eine gestrichelte Verbindung und den Buchstaben T (Temperatur) zwischen den Schaltern S 1 und S 2 angedeutet, daß die Betätigung des Schalters S 1 in Abhängigkeit von der am Schalter S 2 herrschenden Temperatur erfolgt. Genauer gesagt ist bei ordnungsgemäßer Betriebstemperatur am Schalter S 2 der Schalter S 1 geöffnet, so daß der Schalter S 2 im Takt des Taktgebers 10 arbeitet. Bei einer zu hohen Temperatur T am Schalter S 2 wird dagegen der Schalter S 1 geschlossen und schließt das Eingangssignal für den Schalter S 2 kurz, der hierdurch sicher abgeschaltet wird.A further switch S 1 is inserted between the input terminal 2 of the driver circuit 12 and ground, which therefore short-circuits the input signal for the switch S 2 to ground in the closed state. In Fig. 1 is indicated by a dashed connection and the letter T (temperature) between the switches S 1 and S 2 that the switch S 1 is actuated as a function of the temperature prevailing at the switch S 2 . More precisely, the switch S 1 is open at the correct operating temperature at the switch S 2 , so that the switch S 2 operates in time with the clock generator 10 . If the temperature T at the switch S 2 is too high, on the other hand, the switch S 1 is closed and short-circuits the input signal for the switch S 2 , which thereby reliably switches off.
In Figur ist die in Fig. 1 schematisch als Treiberschal tung 12 dargestellte Schaltung in einem bevorzugten Aus führungsbeispiel in näheren Einzelheiten dargestellt. Gleiche Bauteile sind in den Fig. 1 und 2 mit gleichen Bezugsziffern bezeichnet.In FIG. 1, the circuit shown schematically in FIG. 1 as driver circuit 12 is shown in more detail in a preferred exemplary embodiment. The same components are designated in FIGS . 1 and 2 with the same reference numerals.
Bei der Treiberschaltung gemäß Fig. 2 ist an den Eingang 2 dieser Treiberschaltung 12 die Basis eines elektronischen Schaltglieds S 2 angeschlossen, welches daher im Takt einer an dem Eingang 2 anliegenden Taktspannung ein Aus gangssignal an den Ausgangsanschluß 1 der Treiberschaltung 12 abgibt. Hierdurch wird die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Spule L entsprechend mit Strom versorgt. Der Ausgang der elektronischen Schaltvorrichtung S 2 ist an den Aus gangsanschluß 3 der Treiberschaltung 12 geführt, an die der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Strommeßwiderstand R 2 ange schlossen ist.In the driving circuit shown in FIG. 2 2, this driver circuit 12 is connected to the base of an electronic switching element S 2 to the input, which therefore outputs the clock a applied to the input 2 mode voltage an off output signal to the output terminal 1 of the driver circuit 12. As a result, the coil L shown in FIG. 1 is accordingly supplied with current. The output of the electronic switching device S 2 is connected to the output terminal 3 of the driver circuit 12 , to which the current measuring resistor R 2 shown in FIG. 1 is connected.
Im einzelnen ist die elektronische Schaltvorrichtung S 2 als Leistungsendstufe mit 2 NPN-Transistoren T 3, T 4 in Darlingtonschaltung ausgeführt. Ein Widerstand R 4 ist hierbei zwischen den Emitter des Transistors T 3 und den Emitter des Transistors T 4 geschaltet.In particular, the electronic switching device S 2 is designed as a power output stage with 2 NPN transistors T 3 , T 4 in a Darlington circuit. A resistor R 4 is connected between the emitter of transistor T 3 and the emitter of transistor T 4 .
Die zum Schutz der Leistungsendstufe T 3, T 4 vorgesehene Schalteinrichtung S 1 besteht aus einer Spannungsteiler schaltung mit einem Heißleiterwiderstand NTC1 und einem Widerstand R 3, deren Ausgang an die Basis eines NPN-Tran sistors T 2 gelegt ist, der als elektronische Schaltein richtung dient. Als Selbsthalteeinrichtung ist ein PNP- Transistor T 1 vorgesehen. The provided to protect the power output stage T 3 , T 4 switching device S 1 consists of a voltage divider circuit with a thermistor NTC1 and a resistor R 3 , the output of which is connected to the base of an NPN transistor T 2 , which serves as an electronic switching device . A PNP transistor T 1 is provided as a self-holding device.
Im einzelnen ist der eine Anschluß des Heißleiterwiderstandes NTC1 an den Steuereingang 2 der Treiberschaltung 12 an geschlossen und mit seinem anderen Anschluß mit einem Widerstand R 3 verbunden, dessen anderes Ende an Masse gelegt ist. Der Ausgang dieser Spannungsteilerschaltung ist an die Basis des Transistors T 2 geführt, dessen Emitter mit Masse verbunden ist. Der Kollektor des Transistors T 2 ist mit der Basis des Transistors T 1 verbunden. Weiterhin ist der Kollektor des Transistors T 1 mit der Basis des Transistors T 2 verbunden und der Emitter des Transistors T 1 an den Eingangsanschluß 2 der Treiberschaltung 12 angeschlossen.In particular, one connection of the thermistor NTC1 to the control input 2 of the driver circuit 12 is closed and connected to its other connection with a resistor R 3 , the other end of which is connected to ground. The output of this voltage divider circuit is led to the base of transistor T 2 , the emitter of which is connected to ground. The collector of transistor T 2 is connected to the base of transistor T 1 . Furthermore, the collector of the transistor T 1 is connected to the base of the transistor T 2 and the emitter of the transistor T 1 is connected to the input terminal 2 of the driver circuit 12 .
Durch eine gestrichelte Linie in Fig. 2 ist angedeutet, daß die Temperatur der Leistungsendstufe T 3, T 4 durch den Heißleiterwiderstand NTC1 überwacht wird. Der Widerstand des Heißleiterwiderstands NTC1 ändert sich also entsprechend der in der Leistungsendstufe T 3, T 4 herrschenden Temperatur.A dashed line in FIG. 2 indicates that the temperature of the power output stage T 3 , T 4 is monitored by the NTC1 thermistor. The resistance of the NTC resistor NTC1 thus changes in accordance with the temperature prevailing in the power output stage T 3 , T 4 .
Bei einer auf eine Störung hinweisenden unzulässigen Temperaturerhöhung in der Leistungsendstufe T 3, T 4 sinkt der Widerstand des Heißleiterwiderstands NTC1, bis schließ lich aufgrund der steigenden Spannung an der Basis des Transistors T 2 dieser durchschaltet. Über den Kollektor des Transistors T 2, der mit der Basis des Transistors T 1 verbunden ist, wird auch dieser zum Durchschalten veranlaßt und stellt die Selbsthaltefunktion zur Verfügung, nämlich über Emitter und Kollektor, welcher wiederum an die Basis des Transistors T 2 angeschlossen ist. Ein Wiedereinschalten ist erst dann wieder möglich, wenn die Übertemperatur der Leistungsendstufe T 3, T 4 abgebaut und der Störfall beseitigt ist, beispielsweise das Steuer signal wieder zu takten beginnt. In the event of an inadmissible increase in temperature in the power output stage T 3 , T 4 , which indicates a fault, the resistance of the NTC resistor NTC1 drops until finally, due to the rising voltage at the base of the transistor T 2, it switches on. Via the collector of transistor T 2 , which is connected to the base of transistor T 1 , this is also caused to switch through and provides the self-holding function, namely via emitter and collector, which in turn is connected to the base of transistor T 2 . A restart is only possible when the overtemperature of the power stage T 3 , T 4 is reduced and the fault is eliminated, for example the control signal starts to cycle again.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltung kann daher eine Vielzahl von Störfällen oder anormalen Betriebszuständen sicher beherrscht werden. Wie bereits erwähnt ist bei einem Taktsignal von stetig "AUS" der Endstufentransistor T 3 gesperrt, so daß kein Strom fließt. Bei einem Taktsignal von stetig "EIN" schaltet der temperaturgesteuerte Sicher heitsschalter die Endstufe T 3, T 4 ab. Darüber hinaus führt die voranstehend beschriebene erfindungsgemäße Schaltung zu einem Abschalten bei Kurzschluß des Ver brauchers oder der Freilaufdiode oder Kurzschluß aufgrund einer Verpolung der Verbraucherleitungen. Weiterhin erfolgt mit der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltung eine Strombegrenzung bei einem Teilschluß des Verbrauchers, bei zu großer Versorgungsspannung und bei einer zu langen "EIN"-Dauer der Steuersignale.With the circuit according to the invention, a large number of malfunctions or abnormal operating states can therefore be mastered safely. As already mentioned, the output stage transistor T 3 is blocked when the clock signal is constantly "OFF", so that no current flows. With a clock signal of continuously "ON", the temperature-controlled safety switch switches off the output stage T 3 , T 4 . In addition, the circuit according to the invention described above leads to a shutdown in the event of a short circuit in the consumer or the freewheeling diode or short circuit due to a polarity reversal of the consumer lines. Furthermore, the circuit according to the invention is used to limit the current when the consumer is partially closed, when the supply voltage is too high and the control signals have an "ON" duration that is too long.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
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DE19883843277 DE3843277A1 (en) | 1988-12-22 | 1988-12-22 | Power output stage for electromagnetic loads |
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DE19883843277 DE3843277A1 (en) | 1988-12-22 | 1988-12-22 | Power output stage for electromagnetic loads |
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DE19883843277 Withdrawn DE3843277A1 (en) | 1988-12-22 | 1988-12-22 | Power output stage for electromagnetic loads |
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Cited By (76)
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DE4113258A1 (en) * | 1991-04-23 | 1992-10-29 | Siemens Ag | Analog power control circuitry - has short circuit protection circuit limiting control output signal for each voltage value |
EP0600042A1 (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 1994-06-08 | Square D Co | Overtemperature sensing and signaling circuit. |
DE4417252A1 (en) * | 1994-05-17 | 1995-11-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | FET with weak inversion circuit |
US6021037A (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 2000-02-01 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Device including a thermally protected switching transistor |
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-
1988
- 1988-12-22 DE DE19883843277 patent/DE3843277A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (86)
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US6021037A (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 2000-02-01 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Device including a thermally protected switching transistor |
US6326868B1 (en) | 1997-07-02 | 2001-12-04 | General Electric Company | Rotary contact assembly for high ampere-rated circuit breaker |
US6208498B1 (en) | 1997-12-17 | 2001-03-27 | Jatco Transtechnology Ltd. | Driving method and driving apparatus of a solenoid and solenoid driving control apparatus |
US6225881B1 (en) | 1998-04-29 | 2001-05-01 | General Electric Company | Thermal magnetic circuit breaker |
US6114641A (en) | 1998-05-29 | 2000-09-05 | General Electric Company | Rotary contact assembly for high ampere-rated circuit breakers |
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US6087913A (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2000-07-11 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker mechanism for a rotary contact system |
US6037555A (en) | 1999-01-05 | 2000-03-14 | General Electric Company | Rotary contact circuit breaker venting arrangement including current transformer |
US6166344A (en) | 1999-03-23 | 2000-12-26 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker handle block |
US6262872B1 (en) | 1999-06-03 | 2001-07-17 | General Electric Company | Electronic trip unit with user-adjustable sensitivity to current spikes |
US6400543B2 (en) | 1999-06-03 | 2002-06-04 | General Electric Company | Electronic trip unit with user-adjustable sensitivity to current spikes |
US6268991B1 (en) | 1999-06-25 | 2001-07-31 | General Electric Company | Method and arrangement for customizing electronic circuit interrupters |
US6218917B1 (en) | 1999-07-02 | 2001-04-17 | General Electric Company | Method and arrangement for calibration of circuit breaker thermal trip unit |
US6188036B1 (en) | 1999-08-03 | 2001-02-13 | General Electric Company | Bottom vented circuit breaker capable of top down assembly onto equipment |
US6710988B1 (en) | 1999-08-17 | 2004-03-23 | General Electric Company | Small-sized industrial rated electric motor starter switch unit |
US6252365B1 (en) | 1999-08-17 | 2001-06-26 | General Electric Company | Breaker/starter with auto-configurable trip unit |
US6396369B1 (en) | 1999-08-27 | 2002-05-28 | General Electric Company | Rotary contact assembly for high ampere-rated circuit breakers |
US6175288B1 (en) | 1999-08-27 | 2001-01-16 | General Electric Company | Supplemental trip unit for rotary circuit interrupters |
US6232570B1 (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2001-05-15 | General Electric Company | Arcing contact arrangement |
US6326869B1 (en) | 1999-09-23 | 2001-12-04 | General Electric Company | Clapper armature system for a circuit breaker |
US6239395B1 (en) | 1999-10-14 | 2001-05-29 | General Electric Company | Auxiliary position switch assembly for a circuit breaker |
US6229413B1 (en) | 1999-10-19 | 2001-05-08 | General Electric Company | Support of stationary conductors for a circuit breaker |
US6317018B1 (en) | 1999-10-26 | 2001-11-13 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker mechanism |
US6232856B1 (en) | 1999-11-02 | 2001-05-15 | General Electric Company | Magnetic shunt assembly |
US6377144B1 (en) | 1999-11-03 | 2002-04-23 | General Electric Company | Molded case circuit breaker base and mid-cover assembly |
US6262642B1 (en) | 1999-11-03 | 2001-07-17 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker rotary contact arm arrangement |
US6300586B1 (en) | 1999-12-09 | 2001-10-09 | General Electric Company | Arc runner retaining feature |
US6310307B1 (en) | 1999-12-17 | 2001-10-30 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker rotary contact arm arrangement |
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US6172584B1 (en) | 1999-12-20 | 2001-01-09 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker accessory reset system |
US6215379B1 (en) | 1999-12-23 | 2001-04-10 | General Electric Company | Shunt for indirectly heated bimetallic strip |
US6281461B1 (en) | 1999-12-27 | 2001-08-28 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker rotor assembly having arc prevention structure |
US6346869B1 (en) | 1999-12-28 | 2002-02-12 | General Electric Company | Rating plug for circuit breakers |
US6211758B1 (en) | 2000-01-11 | 2001-04-03 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker accessory gap control mechanism |
US6239677B1 (en) | 2000-02-10 | 2001-05-29 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker thermal magnetic trip unit |
US6429759B1 (en) | 2000-02-14 | 2002-08-06 | General Electric Company | Split and angled contacts |
US6313425B1 (en) | 2000-02-24 | 2001-11-06 | General Electric Company | Cassette assembly with rejection features |
US6281458B1 (en) | 2000-02-24 | 2001-08-28 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker auxiliary magnetic trip unit with pressure sensitive release |
US6239398B1 (en) | 2000-02-24 | 2001-05-29 | General Electric Company | Cassette assembly with rejection features |
US6724286B2 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2004-04-20 | General Electric Company | Adjustable trip solenoid |
US6404314B1 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2002-06-11 | General Electric Company | Adjustable trip solenoid |
US6204743B1 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2001-03-20 | General Electric Company | Dual connector strap for a rotary contact circuit breaker |
US6448521B1 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2002-09-10 | General Electric Company | Blocking apparatus for circuit breaker contact structure |
US6590482B2 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2003-07-08 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker mechanism tripping cam |
US6466117B2 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2002-10-15 | General Electric Company | Circuit interrupter operating mechanism |
US6340925B1 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2002-01-22 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker mechanism tripping cam |
US6346868B1 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2002-02-12 | General Electric Company | Circuit interrupter operating mechanism |
US6379196B1 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2002-04-30 | General Electric Company | Terminal connector for a circuit breaker |
US6388547B1 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2002-05-14 | General Electric Company | Circuit interrupter operating mechanism |
US6211757B1 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2001-04-03 | General Electric Company | Fast acting high force trip actuator |
US6459349B1 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2002-10-01 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker comprising a current transformer with a partial air gap |
US6496347B1 (en) | 2000-03-08 | 2002-12-17 | General Electric Company | System and method for optimization of a circuit breaker mechanism |
US6429659B1 (en) | 2000-03-09 | 2002-08-06 | General Electric Company | Connection tester for an electronic trip unit |
US6534991B2 (en) | 2000-03-09 | 2003-03-18 | General Electric Company | Connection tester for an electronic trip unit |
US6232859B1 (en) | 2000-03-15 | 2001-05-15 | General Electric Company | Auxiliary switch mounting configuration for use in a molded case circuit breaker |
US6218919B1 (en) | 2000-03-15 | 2001-04-17 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker latch mechanism with decreased trip time |
US6366188B1 (en) | 2000-03-15 | 2002-04-02 | General Electric Company | Accessory and recess identification system for circuit breakers |
US6459059B1 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2002-10-01 | General Electric Company | Return spring for a circuit interrupter operating mechanism |
US6388213B1 (en) | 2000-03-17 | 2002-05-14 | General Electric Company | Locking device for molded case circuit breakers |
US6476335B2 (en) | 2000-03-17 | 2002-11-05 | General Electric Company | Draw-out mechanism for molded case circuit breakers |
US6639168B1 (en) | 2000-03-17 | 2003-10-28 | General Electric Company | Energy absorbing contact arm stop |
US6586693B2 (en) | 2000-03-17 | 2003-07-01 | General Electric Company | Self compensating latch arrangement |
US6472620B2 (en) | 2000-03-17 | 2002-10-29 | Ge Power Controls France Sas | Locking arrangement for circuit breaker draw-out mechanism |
US6559743B2 (en) | 2000-03-17 | 2003-05-06 | General Electric Company | Stored energy system for breaker operating mechanism |
US6476698B1 (en) | 2000-03-17 | 2002-11-05 | General Electric Company | Convertible locking arrangement on breakers |
US6373010B1 (en) | 2000-03-17 | 2002-04-16 | General Electric Company | Adjustable energy storage mechanism for a circuit breaker motor operator |
US6479774B1 (en) | 2000-03-17 | 2002-11-12 | General Electric Company | High energy closing mechanism for circuit breakers |
US6747535B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2004-06-08 | General Electric Company | Precision location system between actuator accessory and mechanism |
US6373357B1 (en) | 2000-05-16 | 2002-04-16 | General Electric Company | Pressure sensitive trip mechanism for a rotary breaker |
US6400245B1 (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2002-06-04 | General Electric Company | Draw out interlock for circuit breakers |
US6531941B1 (en) | 2000-10-19 | 2003-03-11 | General Electric Company | Clip for a conductor in a rotary breaker |
US6806800B1 (en) | 2000-10-19 | 2004-10-19 | General Electric Company | Assembly for mounting a motor operator on a circuit breaker |
US6429760B1 (en) | 2000-10-19 | 2002-08-06 | General Electric Company | Cross bar for a conductor in a rotary breaker |
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US6678135B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2004-01-13 | General Electric Company | Module plug for an electronic trip unit |
US6469882B1 (en) | 2001-10-31 | 2002-10-22 | General Electric Company | Current transformer initial condition correction |
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US8139338B2 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2012-03-20 | Abb Oy | Load control apparatus |
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