EP2459387B1 - Security element for an article to be protected and article to be protected with such a security element - Google Patents

Security element for an article to be protected and article to be protected with such a security element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2459387B1
EP2459387B1 EP10740567.2A EP10740567A EP2459387B1 EP 2459387 B1 EP2459387 B1 EP 2459387B1 EP 10740567 A EP10740567 A EP 10740567A EP 2459387 B1 EP2459387 B1 EP 2459387B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
security element
micro
article
protected
security
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10740567.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2459387A2 (en
Inventor
Michael Rahm
Wittich Kaule
Manfred Heim
Andreas Rauch
Josef Schinabeck
André Gregarek
Angelika Hilgenrainer
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Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
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Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
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Publication date
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Application filed by Giesecke and Devrient GmbH filed Critical Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Publication of EP2459387A2 publication Critical patent/EP2459387A2/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
    • B42D25/465—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives
    • B42D25/47—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives using adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/21—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose for multiple purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/355—Security threads
    • B42D2033/18—
    • B42D2035/20—
    • B42D2035/44—
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/24562—Interlaminar spaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security element for an object to be protected, such as security papers, documents of value or the like, as well as an object to be protected with such a security element.
  • Items to be protected are often provided with a security element which allows verification of the authenticity of the item and / or as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • Items to be protected include, for example, security papers, identity and value documents (such as banknotes, chip cards, passports, identification cards, identity cards, stocks, bonds, certificates, vouchers, checks, tickets, credit cards, health cards, etc.) as well as product security elements, such as Example labels, seals and packaging.
  • identity and value documents such as banknotes, chip cards, passports, identification cards, identity cards, stocks, bonds, certificates, vouchers, checks, tickets, credit cards, health cards, etc.
  • product security elements such as Example labels, seals and packaging.
  • the security element is formed as a security thread for a banknote and has, for example, a plurality of microlenses for magnifying a security feature
  • the surface of the thread on the lens side can not be provided with adhesive, which causes the thread to sag the embedding in the paper of the banknote spanning paper webs are not connected to the thread and therefore an undesirable lifting (or looping) of these webs can occur from the security thread.
  • the result is a reduction in the circulation stability of the banknote.
  • an object of the invention to provide a security element for an object to be protected with which the initially mentioned difficulties can be solved. Furthermore, an object to be protected should be provided with such a security element.
  • the object is achieved by a security element for an object to be protected with an upper side and a lower side, one or more imaging optical assemblies, each of which images an associated object only enlarged in front of the top, wherein the one optical arrangement or at least one of the optical arrangements more area comprising reflective micro-imaging elements arranged in a first pattern and the associated object being designed as a microstructure object having a plurality of microstructures arranged in a microstructure pattern adapted to the first pattern so that the microstructure object is imaged in an enlarged manner above the upper side by means of the reflective micro-image shaping elements;
  • Security element has both on the top and on the bottom of an adhesive layer with which the security element can be embedded in the object to be protected so that both the top as a uch the bottom is glued to the object to be protected.
  • the backs of these reflective microimage elements and the microstructures spaced therefrom or the layer carrying them can be provided with the adhesive layers, so that the security element can be glued with its two sides, for example, into a banknote. This is the unwanted lifting of the webs between the windows, which are provided in the banknote in order to allow the magnifying image avoided.
  • microimage elements are designed as micro-hollow mirrors, which have a reduced focal length in comparison to refractive microlenses, so that the thickness of the security element (for example, the thread thickness) can be significantly reduced. Thicknesses of less than 30 ⁇ m can be achieved.
  • the microimage elements may be disposed on one side of a film and the microstructures on the other side of the film.
  • the film may in particular be formed as a transparent film, for example as a PET film. This makes possible a simple way of producing the security element while at the same time providing excellent adjustment of the reflective microimage elements to the microstructures.
  • the microimage elements lie in a first plane and the microstructures in a second plane parallel to the first plane.
  • the spacing of the two planes can correspond to the focal length of the microimage elements.
  • At least one of the adhesive layers or the adhesive layers can be formed as a heat sealing lacquer layer.
  • Both adhesive layers or, in particular, the adhesive layer on the upper side of the security element are transparent, transparent here preferably meaning a transmission of at least 10% and in particular of at least 50%.
  • the adhesive layer under the reflective microimage elements can also be made non-transparent, preferably white, in order to reduce a shine through of the thread through the back of the banknote (back side sheet).
  • the security element according to the invention is here preferably designed such that all optical arrangements of the security element can always map the object assigned to them only in front of the top.
  • microstructure methods may be used, such as embossing methods.
  • suitable structures in resist materials can be exposed, even finished, molded and used for the production of stamping tools using methods known from semiconductor production (photolithography, electron beam lithography, laser lithography, etc.).
  • semiconductor production photolithography, electron beam lithography, laser lithography, etc.
  • Particularly suitable for the production of large areas are the known processes for embossing in thermoplastic films or in films coated with radiation-curing paints.
  • the security element may in particular be designed as a security thread, tear-open thread, security strip, security strip, patch or as a label for embedding in the object to be protected.
  • the dimensions of the microimage elements are preferably selected to be below the resolution of the human eye.
  • the dimensions may be in a range from 3 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, preferably from 3 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m and particularly preferably from 3 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the first pattern and the microstructure pattern may be formed as a hexagonal grid or as a polygonal grid, such as a rectangular or parallelogram grid.
  • the security element in the article to be protected By bonding the security element in the article to be protected on both sides, a high durability can be ensured. For example, if the object to be protected is designed as a banknote and the security element as an embedded security thread, unwanted lifting of the webs between the windows can be avoided.
  • the one Optikanordung In the region of the window, the one Optikanordung, one of the optical assemblies or even more of the optical arrangements of the security element can be.
  • the window may be closed with a transparent cover. This leads to a further increase in the durability of the object to be protected.
  • the object to be protected is preferably substantially flat.
  • the object to be protected can be designed as security paper, value document or the like.
  • security paper is understood here in particular as the precursor that can not yet be processed to form a value document which, in addition to the security element according to the invention, may also have further authenticity features (such as, for example, luminescent substances provided in the volume).
  • Value documents are here understood, on the one hand, documents produced from security papers.
  • value documents can also be other documents or items which can be provided with the security feature according to the invention, so that the value documents have non-copyable authenticity features, whereby an authenticity check is possible and undesired copies are prevented at the same time.
  • the substrate of a security paper or value document is particularly preferably made of paper made of cotton fibers, as used for example for banknotes.
  • the substrate may also be made of paper of other natural fibers, also preferably of synthetic fibers, i. a mixture of natural and synthetic fibers or also preferably consist of at least one plastic film.
  • a two-sided coating or lamination of the substrate with at least one plastic film results in a security paper, as in DE 102 43 653 A9 is described.
  • the security element according to the invention is applied to the substrate before the double-sided coating or lamination is applied to the substrate.
  • the security element according to the invention is thus advantageously embedded in the security paper.
  • the security element 1 is designed as a security thread and thus integrated into an object 2 to be protected (here banknote 2) in such a way that the security thread in the spaced-apart window areas 3 is exposed or is not covered by the banknote, since in the window areas 3 recesses are formed in the top of the bill, so that a clear view is given to the security thread 1.
  • the security element 1 comprises a carrier 4, which has on its first side 5 microstructures 6 and on its opposite second side 7 a plurality of micro-cavity mirrors 8.
  • micro-hollow mirrors 8 are in a plane perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 2 in a grid with fixed geometry (here, for example, a hexagonal grid) and thus arranged flat in a first pattern.
  • microstructures 6 which form a microstructure object or image M are likewise in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the drawing Fig. 2 in a grid with a fixed geometry (here, for example, a hexagonal grid) and thus arranged flat in a microstructure pattern, wherein the microstructure pattern adapted to the first pattern and both patterns are aligned such that when viewing the security element through the window areas 3 (direction of the Arrow P1) the microstructures 6 together with the micro-hollow mirror 8 a modulo magnification arrangement form.
  • the basic principle of such a modulo magnification arrangement is for example in the WO 2009/000528 A1 described, wherein the microstructure object M of the present invention, the motif image according to the teaching of WO 2009/000528 A1 equivalent.
  • the microstructure object M is enlarged as a security feature (as a target image in the sense of FIG WO 2009/000528 A1 ) perceptible.
  • security feature as a target image in the sense of FIG WO 2009/000528 A1 .
  • the carrier 4 comprises a PET film 9 onto which a first layer 10 of radiation-curing lacquer (for example UV lacquer) having the microstructures 6 is applied.
  • the microstructures 6 can be produced in a known manner, for example by embossing in the UV varnish 10 and subsequent printing and stripping of paint.
  • certain color transfer processes or micro-gravure printing techniques can be used, which, for example, in the PCT / EP2008 / 010739 or WO 2008/000350 are described.
  • a second layer 11 of radiation-curing lacquer for example, UV lacquer
  • the negative mold of the micro-hollow mirror 8 is embossed.
  • the side of the second layer facing away from the PET film 9 is coated with a reflective coating 12 (for example a metallization).
  • the micro-hollow mirrors 8 are thus formed as rear surface mirrors.
  • a seal 12 in the form of a metallization has the advantage that it is electrically conductive and magnetizable.
  • a color can also be concealed with magnetic pigments which have a magnetization that is the same throughout or different in different subregions.
  • the security element according to the invention thus has the additional security features of electrical conductivity and magnetic coding.
  • the inside of the reflective coating 12 of each micro-hollow mirror 8 or the embossed shape for the micro-hollow mirror 8 here has the shape of a spherical cap with a radius of curvature of 38 microns and a height h1 of about 3.1 microns.
  • the maximum thickness of the second layer 11 here is about 5.1 microns, the PET film has a thickness of 12 microns and the height h2 of the first layer 10 is 2 microns ,
  • the micro-hollow mirrors 8 Since the radius of curvature of the micro-hollow mirror 8 is 38 ⁇ m, the micro-hollow mirrors 8 have a focal length of 19 ⁇ m. Due to the described construction, the microstructures 6 are spaced apart from the hollow micro-mirrors 8 by approximately 19 ⁇ m and thus lie in the same plane as the focal points of the micro-hollow mirrors 8, so that the desired magnification imaging of the microstructures 6 of the security feature is effected.
  • the side facing away from the micro-hollow mirrors 8 side of the first layer 10 is the top 13 of the security element 1, on which a first adhesive layer 14 is applied from heat sealing lacquer. Furthermore, the rear side of the micro-hollow mirrors 8 and thus the reflective coating 12 forms the underside 15 of the security element 1. On the underside 15, a second adhesive layer 16 (here again a heat sealing lacquer layer) is applied. Due to the use of hollow micro mirrors 8, it is thus possible in the case of the security element 1 according to the invention to form an adhesive layer 14, 16 both on the upper side 13 and on the lower side 15.
  • the second adhesive layer 16 serves to bond the security element 1 to a backsheet 17 of the banknote 2, as in FIG Fig. 2 is shown.
  • the first adhesive layer 14 serves to connect the security element 1 to a front side sheet 18 of the banknote 2, in which case in particular the webs 19 of the front side sheet 18 are glued to the security element 1 between the window regions 3, so that an undesired lifting of these webs 19 from the security element 1 can be prevented.
  • the security element 1 is inserted into the banknote 2 and an enlarged image of the security feature now takes place in front of the top side 13 or in front of the front side leaf 18.
  • the micro-hollow mirrors 8 with the associated microstructures 6, which lie in front of one of the window areas 3, can be referred to as optics order which image the microstructure object M (the object associated with the micro-hollow mirrors 8) in front of the upper side 13. It is therefore possible to designate the micro-hollow mirrors 8 and the microstructures 6 in front of each window area 3 as a separate optical arrangement, so that the security thread 1 has a plurality of optical arrangements. Of course, one can also view all micro-cavities 8 and all micro-structures 6 as belonging to a single optical arrangement. But it is also possible to provide per window area 3 multiple optics arrangements. It is essential here that all optical arrangements always represent the respective object only in front of the upper side 13.
  • the microstructures 6 on the one hand and the micro-hollow mirrors 8 on the other hand are embossed on two separate films (eg PET films) and provided with a metallization or with ink. These two foils are then made into a structure according to Fig. 2 put together so that instead of in Fig. 2 shown PET film 9 two laminated PET films are present. If the distance between the hollow micro-mirrors 8 and the microstructures 6 is changed by this construction, the curvature of the micro-hollow mirrors 8 would have to be adjusted so that the microstructures 6 in the assembled state are again in the focal points of the micro-hollow mirrors 8. Of course, the distance depends essentially on the thickness of the two PET films and the amount of adhesive necessary for laminating.
  • Fig. 3 an embodiment of the security element 1 according to the invention is shown in embedded in the banknote 2 state, which can be referred to as Kaschierdition.
  • the microstructures 6 and micro hollow mirror 8 are first manufactured separately.
  • the microstructures 6 are formed on a UV lacquer layer 20, which is applied to a first carrier foil 21.
  • the micro-hollow mirrors 8 are formed in a UV lacquer layer 22 (by embossing and metallizing), which is applied to a second carrier foil 23.
  • the two carrier films 21 and 23 are preferably PET films.
  • the microstructures 6 and micro-hollow mirrors 8 thus formed are laminated together, with the micro-hollow mirrors 8 and the microstructures 6 facing each other, as in FIG Fig. 3 is apparent. Between them is only the laminating adhesive 24th
  • a first adhesive layer 14 On the upper side 13 of the security element 1 thus formed is again a first adhesive layer 14 and on the underside 15 of the security element 1, a second adhesive layer 16 is formed with which the security element 1 with the front and back side sheet 18, 17 of the banknote 2 is glued.
  • Fig. 4 a further embodiment of the security element 1 according to the invention is shown in embedded in the banknote state, which can be prepared as follows.
  • a first UV lacquer layer 25 which is applied to a PET film 26
  • microstructures 6 are embossed and colored using a suitable method.
  • a second UV lacquer layer 27 is applied to the embossed UV lacquer layer 25 and in a second embossing the molds for the micro-hollow mirror 8 are generated, which are then formed by vapor deposition with a metal layer 12.
  • the second adhesive layer 16 is then applied to the hollow micro-mirrors 8 thus formed.
  • a protective lacquer layer not shown, can be formed on the hollow micro-mirrors 8, on which the second adhesive layer 16 is then applied.
  • the first adhesive layer 14 is applied on the upper side 13 (of the side facing away from the micro-hollow mirrors 8 side of the PET film 26). With the two adhesive layers 14 and 16, bonding or fastening of the security element 1 in the banknote 2 can be carried out.
  • the PET film 26 may be formed so that it is detachable from the UV lacquer layer 25. In this case, after dissolving the PET film 26, the second adhesive layer is applied directly to the UV lacquer layer 25.
  • Fig. 5 is a further embodiment of the erfindumgsdorfen security element 1, which is inserted into the banknote 2, shown.
  • the microstructures 6 and the micro-cavity mirrors 8 will be manufactured separately from each other.
  • the microstructures 6 are embossed in a UV lacquer layer 30, which is formed on a PET film 31, and then dyed.
  • the micro-hollow mirrors (or their negative mold) are embossed in a UV lacquer layer 32, which is applied to a PET film 33.
  • the embossed shapes for the micro-hollow mirror 8 are mirrored either now or after laminating.
  • the PET film 33 is then laminated together with the UV lacquer layer 30 (laminating adhesive 34), wherein the application amount of the laminating adhesive 34 is adjusted so that the moire or modulo-magnified images (in this case the microstructure object) can be seen sharply.
  • the first and second adhesive layer 14, 16 is formed to bond the security element 1 in the manner described with the front and back side sheet 18, 17 of the banknote 2.
  • the PET film 31 may in turn be detachably connected to the UV lacquer layer 30.
  • the first adhesive layer 14 is applied directly to the UV lacquer layer 30.
  • the security element 1 according to Fig. 5 can also be produced by the following steps.
  • the UV lacquer layer 30 is embossed and colored to produce the microstructures 6.
  • the PET film 33 is laminated to the UV lacquer layer 30.
  • the UV coating layer 32 is formed and formed in this UV coating layer 32, the micro-hollow mirror 8 by embossing and coating.
  • the PET film 31 during the embossing of the micro-hollow mirror 8 causes additional strength of the structure, which is of great importance in view of the effect of even small distortions on the visual appearance in moire or modulo magnification ,
  • the security element 1 can be designed, for example, as a security element 35 with a rectangular shape such that it lies in the window area 36 of the front side sheet 18 of the banknote 2.
  • the security element 35 is preferably larger than the window area 36, as in FIG Fig. 1 is indicated by the dashed outline, so that by means of the first adhesive layer 14, a bonding of the security element 35 with the front side sheet 18 is possible.
  • the window portion 38 when embedding the security element 36 in a smart card 37 (as an example of a value document), as in Fig. 6 is indicated, the window portion 38 have a transparent cover 39, with which the security element 35 is glued by means of the first adhesive layer. For a permanent embedding of the security element 35 is achieved.
  • the banknote may be formed, for example, as a film composite banknote, in which both the front and the rear side sheets 17, 18 are multilayered, wherein the outermost layer is transparent and in the underlying layer at the front side sheet 18, the window portions 3 are formed.
  • micro-cavity mirrors 8 have been described, respectively. It is understood that the micro-cavities are given as representative of reflective micro-imaging elements. In particular, it is possible to use diffractive elements as reflective imaging elements, provided they achieve the desired imaging properties (in the same or similar manner as the micro-hollow mirrors 8).
  • the microimage elements can be formed, in particular, by microvoided mirrors having a circular or polygonal limited base surface, or by elongate cylindrical microvoid mirrors whose lengthwise extension is more than 250 ⁇ m, preferably more than 300 ⁇ m, more preferably more than 500 ⁇ m and in particular more than 1 mm. Furthermore, mirrors, Fresnel mirrors, zone mirrors or other elements having a reflective effect are possible as microimage elements.
  • the micro-hollow mirrors 8 may have a spherical curvature or an aspheric curvature.
  • the mirror coating 12 of the micro-hollow mirrors 8 can be realized, for example, by means of an applied metal layer (vapor-deposited, for example). Typically, an aluminum layer with a thickness of eg 50 nm is applied. Of course, other metals such as silver, copper, chromium, iron, etc., or alloys thereof can be used. The combination of several metals on and / or side by side is also possible, for example, a partial vapor deposition with Cu and then a full-surface evaporation with aluminum. Also, as an alternative to the metal, high-index coatings can be applied, for example MgF 2 , ZnS or TiO 2 . When choosing a suitable thickness, the reflective effect can be additionally increased by interference effects.
  • the corresponding layer thickness is about 60 nm.
  • a thin-layer system from, for example, alternately high and low refractive layers can be applied so that the layer sequence acts as a reflector.
  • Such layer systems can be tailored for a particular wavelength.
  • the mirror coating 12 may be over the entire surface of the individual micro-hollow mirrors 8. However, it is also possible to carry out a coating only in regions or in a grid-shaped manner so that the micro-hollow mirrors 8 are semitransparent. Also, the thickness of the coating can be chosen so that instead of a complete mirroring is present semitransparent mirroring.
  • Semitransparent mirroring is understood to mean, in particular, such a mirroring, in which the transmission averaged over at least one micro-cavity is in the range from 10% to 90%.
  • the mirror coating may also be realized as a color-shifting coating, e.g. has a layer system of absorber, dielectric and reflector.
  • the color-shifting side of the layer system may be facing or away from the microstructures 6.
  • the color generated by the layer system can be adapted to the color of the microstructures 6.
  • color-shifting layer systems described can also be applied over the whole area or only in certain areas.
  • the security element 1 may also have other security features, such as holograms, clear text or other known security features, for example, on page 18 of the description WO 2009/000528 A1 are described.

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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Sicherheitselement für einen zu schützenden Gegenstand, wie zum Beispiel Sicherheitspapiere, Wertdokumente oder dergleichen, sowie einen zu schützenden Gegenstand mit einem solchen Sicherheitselement.The invention relates to a security element for an object to be protected, such as security papers, documents of value or the like, as well as an object to be protected with such a security element.

Zu schützende Gegenstände werden häufig mit einem Sicherheitselement ausgestattet, das eine Überprüfung der Echtheit des Gegenstandes erlaubt und/oder als Schutz vor unerlaubter Reproduktion dient.Items to be protected are often provided with a security element which allows verification of the authenticity of the item and / or as protection against unauthorized reproduction.

Zu schützende Gegenstände sind beispielsweise Sicherheitspapiere, Ausweis- und Wertdokumente (wie zum Beispiel Banknoten, Chipkarten, Pässe, Identifikationskarten, Ausweiskarten, Aktien, Anleihen, Urkunden, Gutscheine, Schecks, Eintrittskarten, Kreditkarten, Gesundheitskarten, ...) sowie Produktsicherungselemente, wie zum Beispiel Etiketten, Siegel und Verpakkungen.Items to be protected include, for example, security papers, identity and value documents (such as banknotes, chip cards, passports, identification cards, identity cards, stocks, bonds, certificates, vouchers, checks, tickets, credit cards, health cards, etc.) as well as product security elements, such as Example labels, seals and packaging.

Wenn das Sicherheitselement zum Beispiel als Sicherheitsfaden für eine Banknote ausgebildet ist und zum Beispiel eine Vielzahl von Mikrolinsen zur vergrößernden Abbildung eines Sicherheitsmerkmales aufweist, besteht das Problem, dass die Oberfläche des Fadens auf der Linsenseite nicht mit Klebstoff versehen werden kann, weshalb die den Faden nach der Einbettung in das Papier der Banknote überspannenden Papierstege nicht mit dem Faden verbunden sind und daher ein unerwünschtes Abheben (bzw. Loopen) dieser Stege vom Sicherheitsfaden auftreten kann. Die Folge ist eine Verringerung der Umlaufbeständigkeit der Banknote.For example, if the security element is formed as a security thread for a banknote and has, for example, a plurality of microlenses for magnifying a security feature, there is a problem that the surface of the thread on the lens side can not be provided with adhesive, which causes the thread to sag the embedding in the paper of the banknote spanning paper webs are not connected to the thread and therefore an undesirable lifting (or looping) of these webs can occur from the security thread. The result is a reduction in the circulation stability of the banknote.

Ausgehend hiervon ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Sicherheitselement für einen zu schützenden Gegenstand zur Verfügung zu stellen, mit dem die eingangs erwähnten Schwierigkeiten gelöst werden können. Ferner soll ein zu schützender Gegenstand mit einem solchen Sicherheitselement zur Verfügung gestellt werden.Proceeding from this, it is an object of the invention to provide a security element for an object to be protected with which the initially mentioned difficulties can be solved. Furthermore, an object to be protected should be provided with such a security element.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch ein Sicherheitselement für einen zu schützenden Gegenstand mit einer Oberseite und einer Unterseite, einer oder mehreren abbildenden Optikanordnungen, die alle jeweils ein zugeordnetes Objekt nur vor die Oberseite vergrößert abbilden, wobei die eine Optikanordnung oder zumindest eine der Optikanordnungen mehrere flächig in einem ersten Muster angeordnete reflektive Mikroabbildungselemente umfasst und das zugeordnete Objekt als Mikrostrukturobjekt mit mehreren Mikrostrukturen ausgebildet ist, die in einem so an das erste Muster angepassten Mikrostrukturmuster angeordnet sind, dass mittels der reflektiven Mikroabbildurngselemente das Mikrostrukturobjekt vor die Oberseite vergrößert abgebildet wird, und wobei das Sicherheitselement sowohl auf der Oberseite als auch auf der Unterseite eine Klebeschicht aufweist, mit der das Sicherheitselement so in den zu schützenden Gegenstand eingebettet werden kann, dass sowohl die Oberseite als auch die Unterseite mit dem zu schützenden Gegenstand verklebt ist.According to the invention, the object is achieved by a security element for an object to be protected with an upper side and a lower side, one or more imaging optical assemblies, each of which images an associated object only enlarged in front of the top, wherein the one optical arrangement or at least one of the optical arrangements more area comprising reflective micro-imaging elements arranged in a first pattern and the associated object being designed as a microstructure object having a plurality of microstructures arranged in a microstructure pattern adapted to the first pattern so that the microstructure object is imaged in an enlarged manner above the upper side by means of the reflective micro-image shaping elements; Security element has both on the top and on the bottom of an adhesive layer with which the security element can be embedded in the object to be protected so that both the top as a uch the bottom is glued to the object to be protected.

Nachdem reflektive Abbildungselemente verwendet werden, können die Rückseiten dieser reflektiven Mikroabbildungselemente sowie die davon beabstandeten Mikrostrukturen bzw. die diese tragende Schicht mit den Klebe- bzw. Klebstoffschichten versehen werden, so dass das Sicherheitselement mit seinen beiden Seiten zum Beispiel in eine Banknote eingeklebt werden kann. Damit wird das unerwünschte Abheben der Stege zwischen den Fenstern, die in der Banknote vorgesehen sind, um die vergrößernde Abbildung zu ermöglichen, vermieden.After reflective imaging elements are used, the backs of these reflective microimage elements and the microstructures spaced therefrom or the layer carrying them can be provided with the adhesive layers, so that the security element can be glued with its two sides, for example, into a banknote. This is the unwanted lifting of the webs between the windows, which are provided in the banknote in order to allow the magnifying image avoided.

Bevorzugt sind Mikroabbildungselemente als Mikrohohlspiegel ausgebildet, die im Vergleich zu refraktiven Mikrolinsen eine reduzierte Brennweite aufweisen, so dass die Dicke des Sicherheitselementes (zum Beispiel die Fadendicke) deutlich reduziert werden kann. Es sind Dicken von unter 30 µm erreichbar.Preferably, microimage elements are designed as micro-hollow mirrors, which have a reduced focal length in comparison to refractive microlenses, so that the thickness of the security element (for example, the thread thickness) can be significantly reduced. Thicknesses of less than 30 μm can be achieved.

Insbesondere können die Mikroabbildungselemente auf einer Seite einer Folie und die Mikrostrukturen auf der anderen Seite der Folie angeordnet sein. Die Folie kann insbesondere als transparente Folie, zum Beispiel als PET-Folie ausgebildet sein. Damit ist eine einfache Art der Herstellung des Sicherheitselementes bei gleichzeitig ausgezeichneter Justierung der reflektiven Mikroabbildungselemente zu den Mikrostrukturen möglich.In particular, the microimage elements may be disposed on one side of a film and the microstructures on the other side of the film. The film may in particular be formed as a transparent film, for example as a PET film. This makes possible a simple way of producing the security element while at the same time providing excellent adjustment of the reflective microimage elements to the microstructures.

Insbesondere liegen die Mikroabbildungselemente in einer ersten Ebene und die Mikrostrukturen in einer zur ersten Ebene parallelen zweiten Ebene. Dabei kann der Abstand der beiden Ebenen der Brennweite der Mikroabbildungselemente entsprechen. Damit ist ein sehr kompakter Aufbau des erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselementes möglich.In particular, the microimage elements lie in a first plane and the microstructures in a second plane parallel to the first plane. In this case, the spacing of the two planes can correspond to the focal length of the microimage elements. For a very compact construction of the security element according to the invention is possible.

Zumindest eine der Klebeschichten bzw. der Klebstoffschichten kann als Heißsiegellackschicht ausgebildet werden. Beide Klebeschichten oder insbesondere die Klebeschicht auf der Oberseite des Sicherheitselements ist transparent, wobei hier unter transparent bevorzugt eine Transmission von mindestens 10 % und insbesondere von mindestens 50 % verstanden wird.At least one of the adhesive layers or the adhesive layers can be formed as a heat sealing lacquer layer. Both adhesive layers or, in particular, the adhesive layer on the upper side of the security element are transparent, transparent here preferably meaning a transmission of at least 10% and in particular of at least 50%.

Die Klebstoffschicht unter den reflektiven Mikroabbildungselementen kann auch intransparent, bevorzugt weiß gestaltet sein, um ein Durchscheinen des Fadens durch die Rückseite der Banknote (Rückseitenblatt) zu verringern.The adhesive layer under the reflective microimage elements can also be made non-transparent, preferably white, in order to reduce a shine through of the thread through the back of the banknote (back side sheet).

Das erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitselement ist hier bevorzugt so ausgebildet, dass alle Optikanordnungen des Sicherheitselementes das ihnen zugeordnete Objekt stets nur vor die Oberseite vergrößert abbilden können.The security element according to the invention is here preferably designed such that all optical arrangements of the security element can always map the object assigned to them only in front of the top.

Zur Erzeugung der Mikroabbildungselemente sowie auch der Mikrostrukturen können bekannte Mikrostrukturienmgsverfahren verwendet werden, wie zum Beispiel Prägeverfahren. So können beispielsweise mit aus der Halbleiterfertigung bekannten Verfahren (Fotolithographie, Elektronenstrahllithographie, Laserlithographie, ...) geeignete Strukturen in Resistmaterialien belichtet, evenhiell veredelt, abgeformt und zur Fertigung von Prägewerkzeugen verwendet werden. Besonders geeignet zur Herstellung großer Flächen sind die bekannten Verfahren zur Prägung in thermoplastischen Folien oder in mit strahlungshärtenden Lacken beschichteten Folien.To produce the microimage elements as well as the microstructures, known microstructure methods may be used, such as embossing methods. For example, suitable structures in resist materials can be exposed, even finished, molded and used for the production of stamping tools using methods known from semiconductor production (photolithography, electron beam lithography, laser lithography, etc.). Particularly suitable for the production of large areas are the known processes for embossing in thermoplastic films or in films coated with radiation-curing paints.

Das Sicherheitselement kann insbesondere als Sicherheitsfaden, Aufreißfaden, Sicherheitsband, Sicherheitsstreifen, Patch oder als Etikett zum Einbetten in den zu schützenden Gegenstand ausgebildet sein.The security element may in particular be designed as a security thread, tear-open thread, security strip, security strip, patch or as a label for embedding in the object to be protected.

Die Abmessungen der Mikroabbildungselemente sind bevorzugt so gewählt, dass sie unter dem Auflösungsvermögen des menschlichen Auges liegen. Insbesondere können die Abmessungen in einem Bereich von 3 µm bis 80 µm, bevorzugt von 3 µm bis 50 µm und besonders bevorzugt von 3 µm bis 30 µm liegen.The dimensions of the microimage elements are preferably selected to be below the resolution of the human eye. In particular, the dimensions may be in a range from 3 μm to 80 μm, preferably from 3 μm to 50 μm and particularly preferably from 3 μm to 30 μm.

Das erste Muster sowie das Mikrostrukturmuster können als hexagonales Raster oder auch als polygonales Raster, wie zum Beispiel ein rechteckiges oder parallelogrammförmiges Raster, ausgebildet sein.The first pattern and the microstructure pattern may be formed as a hexagonal grid or as a polygonal grid, such as a rectangular or parallelogram grid.

Es wird ferner ein zu schützender Gegenstand mit einer vorderen Seite, in der zumindest ein Fenster ausgebildet ist, bereitgestellt, wobei im zu schützenden Gegenstand ein erfindungsgemäßes Sicherheitselement so eingebettet ist, dass es zumindest im Bereich des Fensters angeordnet und mit seiner Oberseite dem Fenster zugewandt ist, wobei sowohl die Oberseite als auch die Unterseite des Sicherheitselementes mittels der Klebeschichten mit dem Gegenstand verklebt sind.It is also an object to be protected with a front side, in which at least one window is formed, wherein in the object to be protected a security element according to the invention is embedded so that it is arranged at least in the region of the window and facing the window with its top , wherein both the top and the bottom of the security element are bonded by means of the adhesive layers with the object.

Durch das beidseitige Verkleben des Sicherheitselementes im zu schützenden Gegenstand, kann eine hohe Haltbarkeit gewährleistet werden. Wenn zum Beispiel der zu schützende Gegenstand als Banknote ausgebildet ist und das Sicherheitselement als eingebetteter Sicherheitsfaden, kann ein unerwünschtes Abheben der Stege zwischen den Fenstern vermieden werden.By bonding the security element in the article to be protected on both sides, a high durability can be ensured. For example, if the object to be protected is designed as a banknote and the security element as an embedded security thread, unwanted lifting of the webs between the windows can be avoided.

Im Bereich des Fensters können die eine Optikanordung, eine der Optikanordnungen oder auch mehrere der Optikanordnungen des Sicherheitselements liegen.In the region of the window, the one Optikanordung, one of the optical assemblies or even more of the optical arrangements of the security element can be.

Bei dem zu schützenden Gegenstand kann das Fenster mit einer transparenten Abdeckung verschlossen sein. Dies führt zu einer weiteren Erhöhung der Haltbarkeit des zu schützenden Gegenstandes.In the object to be protected, the window may be closed with a transparent cover. This leads to a further increase in the durability of the object to be protected.

Der zu schützende Gegenstand ist bevorzugt im Wesentlichen flach ausgebildet. Insbesondere kann der zu schützende Gegenstand als Sicherheitspapier, Wertdokument oder dergleichen ausgebildet sein.The object to be protected is preferably substantially flat. In particular, the object to be protected can be designed as security paper, value document or the like.

Unter dem Begriff Sicherheitspapier wird hier insbesondere die noch nicht umlauffähige Vorstufe zu einem Wertdokument verstanden, die neben dem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselement beispielsweise auch weitere Echtheitsmerkmale (wie zum Beispiel im Volumen vorgesehene Lumineszenzstoffe) aufweisen kann. Unter Wertdokumenten werden hier einerseits aus Sicherheitspapieren hergestellte Dokumente verstanden. Andererseits können Wertdokumente auch sonstige Dokumente oder Gegenstände sein, die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitsmerkmal versehen werden können, damit die Wertdokumente nicht kopierbare Echtheitsmerkmale aufweisen, wodurch eine Echtheitsprüfung möglich ist und zugleich unerwünschte Kopien verhindert werden.The term security paper is understood here in particular as the precursor that can not yet be processed to form a value document which, in addition to the security element according to the invention, may also have further authenticity features (such as, for example, luminescent substances provided in the volume). Value documents are here understood, on the one hand, documents produced from security papers. On the other hand, value documents can also be other documents or items which can be provided with the security feature according to the invention, so that the value documents have non-copyable authenticity features, whereby an authenticity check is possible and undesired copies are prevented at the same time.

Das Substrat eines Sicherheitspapiers oder Wertdokuments besteht besonders bevorzugt aus Papier aus Baumwollfasern, wie es beispielsweise für Banknoten verwendet wird. Bevorzugt kann das Substrat auch aus Papier aus anderen natürlichen Fasern, ebenso bevorzugt aus Synthesefasern, d.h. einer Mischung aus natürlichen und synthetischen Fasern oder ebenso bevorzugt aus mindestens einer Kunststofffolie bestehen.The substrate of a security paper or value document is particularly preferably made of paper made of cotton fibers, as used for example for banknotes. Preferably, the substrate may also be made of paper of other natural fibers, also preferably of synthetic fibers, i. a mixture of natural and synthetic fibers or also preferably consist of at least one plastic film.

Durch eine beidseitige Beschichtung bzw. Kaschierung des Substrats mit jeweils mindestens einer Kunststofffolie ergibt sich ein Sicherheitspapier, wie es in DE 102 43 653 A9 beschrieben ist. In diesem Fall wird das erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitselement auf das Substrat aufgebracht, bevor die beidseitige Beschichtung bzw. Kaschierung auf das Substrat aufgebracht wird. Das erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitselement ist somit vorteilhaft in das Sicherheitspapier eingebettet.By a two-sided coating or lamination of the substrate with at least one plastic film results in a security paper, as in DE 102 43 653 A9 is described. In this case, the security element according to the invention is applied to the substrate before the double-sided coating or lamination is applied to the substrate. The security element according to the invention is thus advantageously embedded in the security paper.

Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in den angegebenen Kombinationen, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung einsetzbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the specified combinations but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung beispielshalber anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen, die auch erfindungswesentliche Merkmale offenbaren, noch näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Draufsicht einer Banknote 2 mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselement 1;
Fig. 2
eine vergrößerte Ansicht des Schnittes entlang der Linie A-A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselementes 1 in einer Schnittansicht gemäß Fig. 2;
Fig. 4
eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselementes 1 in einer Schnittansicht gemäß Fig. 2;
Fig. 5
eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselementes 1 in einer Schnittansicht gemäß Fig. 2, und
Fig. 6
eine Draufsicht einer Chipkarte 37 mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselement 35.
The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, which also disclose features essential to the invention. Show it:
Fig. 1
a plan view of a banknote 2 with a security element 1 according to the invention;
Fig. 2
an enlarged view of the section along the line AA in Fig. 1 ;
Fig. 3
a further embodiment of the security element 1 according to the invention in a sectional view according to Fig. 2 ;
Fig. 4
a further embodiment of the security element 1 according to the invention in a sectional view according to Fig. 2 ;
Fig. 5
a further embodiment of the security element 1 according to the invention in a sectional view according to Fig. 2 , and
Fig. 6
a top view of a chip card 37 with a security element 35 according to the invention.

Bei der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform ist das erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitselement 1 als Sicherheitsfaden ausgebildet und so in einen zu schützenden Gegenstand 2 (hier Banknote 2) integriert, dass der Sicherheitsfaden in voneinander beabstandeten Fensterbereichen 3 freiliegt bzw. nicht von der Banknote bedeckt ist, da in den Fensterbereichen 3 Ausnehmungen in der Oberseite der Banknote gebildet sind, so dass freie Sicht auf den Sicherheitsfaden 1 gegeben ist.At the in Fig. 1 In the embodiment shown, the security element 1 according to the invention is designed as a security thread and thus integrated into an object 2 to be protected (here banknote 2) in such a way that the security thread in the spaced-apart window areas 3 is exposed or is not covered by the banknote, since in the window areas 3 recesses are formed in the top of the bill, so that a clear view is given to the security thread 1.

Wie der Schnittdarstellung in Fig. 2 zu entnehmen ist, die vergrößert einen Teil des eingebetteten Sicherheitselementes 1 entlang der Schnittlinie A-A von Fig. 1 zeigt, umfasst das Sicherheitselement 1 einen Träger 4, der auf seiner ersten Seite 5 Mikrostrukturen 6 und auf seiner gegenüberliegenden zweiten Seite 7 mehrere Mikrohohlspiegel 8 aufweist.Like the sectional view in Fig. 2 it can be seen that enlarges a part of the embedded security element 1 along the section line AA of Fig. 1 1, the security element 1 comprises a carrier 4, which has on its first side 5 microstructures 6 and on its opposite second side 7 a plurality of micro-cavity mirrors 8.

Die Schnittansicht von Fig. 2 sowie alle weiteren Schnittansichten von weiteren Ausführungsformen des erfindingsgemäßen Sicherheitselementes 1 sind zur besseren Darstellbarkeit nicht maßstabsgetreu dargestellt. Ferner sind teilweise Schraffuren nicht eingezeichnet, um den Aufbau des entsprechenden Sicherheitselementes 1 übersichtlicher darstellen zu können.The sectional view of Fig. 2 as well as all other sectional views of further embodiments of the inventive security element 1 are not shown to scale for better representation. Furthermore, some hatching is not shown in order to represent the structure of the corresponding security element 1 more clearly.

Die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 sind in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Zeichenebene von Fig. 2 in einem Raster mit fester Geometrie (hier beispielsweise ein hexagonales Raster) und somit flächig in einem ersten Muster angeordnet.The micro-hollow mirrors 8 are in a plane perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 2 in a grid with fixed geometry (here, for example, a hexagonal grid) and thus arranged flat in a first pattern.

Die Mikrostrukturen 6, die ein Mikrostrukturobjekt bzw. -bild M bilden, sind ebenfalls in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Zeichenebene von Fig. 2 in einem Raster mit fester Geometrie (hier beispielsweise ein hexagonales Raster) und somit flächig in einem Mikrostrukturmuster angeordnet, wobei das Mikrostrukturmuster so an das erste Muster angepasst und beide Muster so zueinander ausgerichtet sind, dass bei Betrachtung des Sicherheitselementes durch die Fensterbereiche 3 (Richtung des Pfeils P1) die Mikrostrukturen 6 zusammen mit dem Mikrohohlspiegel 8 eine Modulo-Vergrößerungsanordnung bilden. Das Grundprinzip einer solchen Modulo-Vergrößerungsanordnung ist beispielsweise in der WO 2009/000528 A1 beschrieben, wobei das Mikrostrukturobjekt M der vorliegenden Erfindung dem Motivbild gemäß der Lehre der WO 2009/000528 A1 entspricht.The microstructures 6 which form a microstructure object or image M are likewise in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the drawing Fig. 2 in a grid with a fixed geometry (here, for example, a hexagonal grid) and thus arranged flat in a microstructure pattern, wherein the microstructure pattern adapted to the first pattern and both patterns are aligned such that when viewing the security element through the window areas 3 (direction of the Arrow P1) the microstructures 6 together with the micro-hollow mirror 8 a modulo magnification arrangement form. The basic principle of such a modulo magnification arrangement is for example in the WO 2009/000528 A1 described, wherein the microstructure object M of the present invention, the motif image according to the teaching of WO 2009/000528 A1 equivalent.

Somit ist bei Blickrichtung in Richtung des Pfeils P1 für einen Betrachter in dem jeweiligen Fensterbereich 3 das Mikrostrukturobjekt M vergrößert als Sicherheitsmerkmal (als Sollbild im Sinne der WO 2009/000528 A1 ) wahrnehmbar. Es handelt sich dabei zum Beispiel um den Buchstaben P.Thus, in the direction of the arrow P1 for a viewer in the respective window area 3, the microstructure object M is enlarged as a security feature (as a target image in the sense of FIG WO 2009/000528 A1 ) perceptible. These are, for example, the letter P.

Natürlich ist es auch möglich, das Mikrostrukhtrmuster der Mikrostrukturen 6 sowie das erste Muster der Mikrohohlspiegel 8 so aufeinander abzustimmen, dass eine Moiré-Vergrößertingsanordnung vorliegt. Das Grundprinzip einer Moiré-Vergrößerungsanordnung ist beispielsweise in der WO 2006/087138 A1 beschrieben.Of course, it is also possible to match the microstructure pattern of the microstructures 6 and the first pattern of the micro-cavity mirrors 8 in such a way that a moiré magnification arrangement is present. The basic principle of a moiré magnification arrangement is for example in WO 2006/087138 A1 described.

Bei dem in Fig. 2 gezeigten Aufbau umfasst der Träger 4 eine PET-Folie 9, auf die eine erste Schicht 10 aus strahlungshärtendem Lack (beispielsweise UV-Lack) aufgebracht ist, die die Mikrostrukturen 6 aufweist. Die Mikrostrukturen 6 können in bekannter Weise hergestellt werden, beispielsweise durch Prägen in den UV-Lack 10 und anschließendem Aufdrucken und Abrakeln von Farbe. Als weitere Färbeverfahren können bestimmte Farbübertragungsverfahren oder Mikrotiefdrucktechniken eingesetzt werden, die beispielsweise in der PCT/EP2008/010739 oder WO 2008/000350 beschrieben sind.At the in Fig. 2 As shown, the carrier 4 comprises a PET film 9 onto which a first layer 10 of radiation-curing lacquer (for example UV lacquer) having the microstructures 6 is applied. The microstructures 6 can be produced in a known manner, for example by embossing in the UV varnish 10 and subsequent printing and stripping of paint. As a further dyeing process, certain color transfer processes or micro-gravure printing techniques can be used, which, for example, in the PCT / EP2008 / 010739 or WO 2008/000350 are described.

Auf der Unterseite der PET-Folie 9 ist eine zweite Schicht 11 aus strahlungshärtendem Lack (beispielsweise UV-Lack) ausgebildet, in der die Negativform der Mikrohohlspiegel 8 geprägt ist. Zur Erzeugung der Mikrohohlspiegel 8 ist die der PET-Folie 9 abgewandte Seite der zweiten Schicht mit einer Verspiegelung 12 (z.B. eine Metallisierung) beschichtet. Die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 sind somit als Rückflächenspiegel ausgebildet.On the underside of the PET film 9, a second layer 11 of radiation-curing lacquer (for example, UV lacquer) is formed, in which the negative mold of the micro-hollow mirror 8 is embossed. To produce the micro-hollow mirrors 8, the side of the second layer facing away from the PET film 9 is coated with a reflective coating 12 (for example a metallization). The micro-hollow mirrors 8 are thus formed as rear surface mirrors.

Eine Versiegelung 12 in Form einer Metallisierung hat den Vorteil, dass sie elektrisch leitfähig und magnetisierbar ist. Zusätzlich kann unter der Verspiegelung 12 auch eine Farbe mit magnetischen Pigmenten verborgen werden, die eine durchgehend gleichbleibende oder in unterschiedlichen Teilbereichen unterschiedliche Magnetisierung aufweist. Das erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitselement weist hierbei somit die zusätzlichen Sicherheitsmerkmale elektrische Leitfähigkeit und magnetische Codierung auf.A seal 12 in the form of a metallization has the advantage that it is electrically conductive and magnetizable. In addition, under the mirror coating 12, a color can also be concealed with magnetic pigments which have a magnetization that is the same throughout or different in different subregions. The security element according to the invention thus has the additional security features of electrical conductivity and magnetic coding.

Die Innenseite der Verspiegelung 12 jedes Mikrohohlspiegels 8 bzw. die geprägte Form für die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 hat hier die Form einer Kugelkalotte mit einem Krümmungsradius von 38 µm und einer Höhe h1 von ca. 3,1 µm. Die maximale Dicke der zweiten Schicht 11 (vom Scheitel eines Mikrohohlspiegels 8 bis zur PET-Folie 9) beträgt hier ca. 5,1 µm, die PET-Folie weist eine Dicke von 12 µm und die Höhe h2 der ersten Schicht 10 beträgt 2 µm.The inside of the reflective coating 12 of each micro-hollow mirror 8 or the embossed shape for the micro-hollow mirror 8 here has the shape of a spherical cap with a radius of curvature of 38 microns and a height h1 of about 3.1 microns. The maximum thickness of the second layer 11 (from the apex of a micro-hollow mirror 8 to the PET film 9) here is about 5.1 microns, the PET film has a thickness of 12 microns and the height h2 of the first layer 10 is 2 microns ,

Da der Krümmungsradius der Mikrohohlspiegel 8 38 µm beträgt, weisen die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 eine Brennweite von 19 µm auf. Aufgrund des geschilderten Aufbaus sind die Mikrostrukturen 6 um ca. 19 µm von den Mikrohohlspiegeln 8 beabstandet und liegen somit in der gleichen Ebene wie die Brennpunkte der Mikrohohlspiegel 8, so dass die gewünschte vergrößernde Abbildung der Mikrostrukturen 6 des Sicherheitsmerkmals bewirkt wird.Since the radius of curvature of the micro-hollow mirror 8 is 38 μm, the micro-hollow mirrors 8 have a focal length of 19 μm. Due to the described construction, the microstructures 6 are spaced apart from the hollow micro-mirrors 8 by approximately 19 μm and thus lie in the same plane as the focal points of the micro-hollow mirrors 8, so that the desired magnification imaging of the microstructures 6 of the security feature is effected.

Die von den Mikrohohlspiegeln 8 abgewandte Seite der ersten Schicht 10 ist die Oberseite 13 des Sicherheitselements 1, auf der eine erste Klebeschicht 14 aus Heißsiegellack aufgebracht ist. Ferner bildet die Rückseite der Mikrohohlspiegel 8 µnd somit die Verspiegelung 12 die Unterseite 15 des Sicherheitselementes 1. Auf der Unterseite 15 ist eine zweite Klebeschicht 16 (hier wiederum eine Heißsiegellackschicht) aufgebracht. Aufgrund der Verwendung von Mikrohohlspiegeln 8 ist es somit bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselement 1 möglich, sowohl auf der Oberseite 13 als auch auf der Unterseite 15 jeweils eine Klebeschicht 14, 16 auszubilden.The side facing away from the micro-hollow mirrors 8 side of the first layer 10 is the top 13 of the security element 1, on which a first adhesive layer 14 is applied from heat sealing lacquer. Furthermore, the rear side of the micro-hollow mirrors 8 and thus the reflective coating 12 forms the underside 15 of the security element 1. On the underside 15, a second adhesive layer 16 (here again a heat sealing lacquer layer) is applied. Due to the use of hollow micro mirrors 8, it is thus possible in the case of the security element 1 according to the invention to form an adhesive layer 14, 16 both on the upper side 13 and on the lower side 15.

Die zweite Klebeschicht 16 dient dazu, das Sicherheitselement 1 mit einem Rückseitenblatt 17 der Banknote 2 zu verkleben, wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt ist. Die erste Klebeschicht 14 dient dazu, das Sicherheitselement 1 mit einem Vorderseitenblatt 18 der Banknote 2 zu verbinden, wobei hier insbesondere die Stege 19 des Vorderseitenblattes 18 zwischen den Fensterbereichen 3 mit dem Sicherheitselement 1 verklebt werden, so dass ein unerwünschtes Abheben dieser Stege 19 vom Sicherheitselement 1 verhindert werden kann. Somit ist das Sicherheitselement 1 in die Banknote 2 eingesetzt und eine vergrößerte Abbildung des Sicherheitsmerkmals findet nun vor der Oberseite 13 bzw. vor dem Vorderseitenblatt 18 statt.The second adhesive layer 16 serves to bond the security element 1 to a backsheet 17 of the banknote 2, as in FIG Fig. 2 is shown. The first adhesive layer 14 serves to connect the security element 1 to a front side sheet 18 of the banknote 2, in which case in particular the webs 19 of the front side sheet 18 are glued to the security element 1 between the window regions 3, so that an undesired lifting of these webs 19 from the security element 1 can be prevented. Thus, the security element 1 is inserted into the banknote 2 and an enlarged image of the security feature now takes place in front of the top side 13 or in front of the front side leaf 18.

Bei der Darstellung in Fig. 1 ist die Breite des Sicherheitsfadens 1 (Ausdehnung von links nach rechts in Fig. 1) gleich der Breite der Fensterbereiche 3. Natürlich ist es möglich die Breite des Sicherheitsfadens 1 größer zu wählen, so dass mittels der ersten Klebeschicht 14 auch seitlich neben den Fensterbereichen 3 ein Verkleben mit dem Vorderseitenblatt 18 möglich ist.When displayed in Fig. 1 is the width of the security thread 1 (extension from left to right in FIG Fig. 1 Of course, it is possible to choose the width of the security thread 1 larger, so that by means of the first adhesive layer 14 and laterally adjacent to the window areas 3 gluing with the front side sheet 18 is possible.

Die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 mit den zugeordneten Mikrostrukturen 6, die vor einem der Fensterbereiche 3 liegen, können als Optikanordntung bezeichnet werden, die das Mikrostrukturobjekt M (das den Mikrohohlspiegeln 8 zugeordnete Objekt) vor die Oberseite 13 vergrößert abbilden. Man kann somit die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 und die Mikrostrukturen 6 vor jeden Fensterbereich 3 als separate Optikanordung bezeichnen, so dass der Sicherheitsfaden 1 mehrere Optikanordnungen aufweist. Natürlich kann man auch alle Mikrohohlspiegel 8 und alle Mikrostrukturen 6 als zu einer einzigen Optikanordnung gehörig ansehen. Es ist aber ferner möglich, pro Fensterbereich 3 mehrere Optikanordnungen vorzusehen. Wesentlich ist hierbei, dass alle Optikanordnungen das jeweilige Objekt stets nur vor die Oberseite 13 vergrößert abbilden.The micro-hollow mirrors 8 with the associated microstructures 6, which lie in front of one of the window areas 3, can be referred to as optics order which image the microstructure object M (the object associated with the micro-hollow mirrors 8) in front of the upper side 13. It is therefore possible to designate the micro-hollow mirrors 8 and the microstructures 6 in front of each window area 3 as a separate optical arrangement, so that the security thread 1 has a plurality of optical arrangements. Of course, one can also view all micro-cavities 8 and all micro-structures 6 as belonging to a single optical arrangement. But it is also possible to provide per window area 3 multiple optics arrangements. It is essential here that all optical arrangements always represent the respective object only in front of the upper side 13.

In einer nicht gezeigten Abwandlung des Sicherheitselementes 1 von Fig. 2 werden die Mikrostrukturen 6 einerseits und die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 andererseits auf zwei separaten Folien (z.B. PET-Folien) geprägt und mit einer Metallisierung bzw. mit Farbe versehen. Diese beiden Folien werden dann zu einem Aufbau gemäß Fig. 2 zusammengefügt, so dass statt der in Fig. 2 gezeigten PET-Folie 9 zwei kaschierte PET-Folien vorhanden sind. Sollte durch diesen Aufbau der Abstand zwischen den Mikrohohlspiegeln 8 und den Mikrostrukturen 6 verändert werden, müsste die Krümmung der Mikrohohlspiegel 8 so angepasst werden, dass die Mikrostrukturen 6 im zusammengebauten Zustand wiederum in den Brennpunkten der Mikrohohlspiegel 8 liegen. Der Abstand hängt natürlich im Wesentlichen von der Dicke der beiden PET-Folien sowie der Menge des zum Kaschieren notwendigen Klebstoffes ab.In a modification, not shown, of the security element 1 of Fig. 2 On the other hand, the microstructures 6 on the one hand and the micro-hollow mirrors 8 on the other hand are embossed on two separate films (eg PET films) and provided with a metallization or with ink. These two foils are then made into a structure according to Fig. 2 put together so that instead of in Fig. 2 shown PET film 9 two laminated PET films are present. If the distance between the hollow micro-mirrors 8 and the microstructures 6 is changed by this construction, the curvature of the micro-hollow mirrors 8 would have to be adjusted so that the microstructures 6 in the assembled state are again in the focal points of the micro-hollow mirrors 8. Of course, the distance depends essentially on the thickness of the two PET films and the amount of adhesive necessary for laminating.

Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass die Größenwerte der bereits beschriebenen Ausführungsformen sowie auch der nachfolgenden Ausführungsformen nur beispielhaft zu verstehen sind. Andere Werte können sich in Abhängigkeit von z.B. der verwendeten Materialien und Mustergrößen ergeben.It should be noted that the size values of the embodiments already described as well as of the following embodiments are to be understood as examples only. Other values may vary depending on eg the materials and pattern sizes used.

In Fig. 3 ist eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselementes 1 im in die Banknote 2 eingebetteten Zustand gezeigt, die als Kaschiervariante bezeichnet werden kann. Bei dieser Variante werden die Mikrostrukturen 6 sowie Mikrohohlspiegel 8 zunächst separat gefertigt. Dabei werden die Mikrostrukturen 6 auf einer UV-Lackschicht 20, die auf einer ersten Trägerfolie 21 aufgebracht ist, gebildet. In gleicher Weise werden die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 in einer UV-Lackschicht 22 (durch Prägen und Metallisieren) gebildet, die auf einer zweiten Trägerfolie 23 aufgebracht ist. Die beiden Trägerfolien 21 und 23 sind bevorzugt PET-Folien. Die so gebildeten Mikrostrukturen 6 und Mikrohohlspiegel 8 werden zusammenkaschiert, wobei die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 und die Mikrostrukturen 6 einander zugewandt sind, wie in Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist. Zwischen ihnen ist lediglich der Kaschierkleber 24.In Fig. 3 an embodiment of the security element 1 according to the invention is shown in embedded in the banknote 2 state, which can be referred to as Kaschiervariante. In this variant, the microstructures 6 and micro hollow mirror 8 are first manufactured separately. In this case, the microstructures 6 are formed on a UV lacquer layer 20, which is applied to a first carrier foil 21. In the same way, the micro-hollow mirrors 8 are formed in a UV lacquer layer 22 (by embossing and metallizing), which is applied to a second carrier foil 23. The two carrier films 21 and 23 are preferably PET films. The microstructures 6 and micro-hollow mirrors 8 thus formed are laminated together, with the micro-hollow mirrors 8 and the microstructures 6 facing each other, as in FIG Fig. 3 is apparent. Between them is only the laminating adhesive 24th

Es ist jedoch auch möglich, eine oder mehrere zusätzliche Lackschichten (nicht gezeigt) zwischen den Mikrohohlspiegeln 8 und den Mikrostrukturen 6 vorzusehen, um einen gewünschten Abstand einzustellen.However, it is also possible to provide one or more additional resist layers (not shown) between the hollow micro mirrors 8 and the microstructures 6 to set a desired distance.

Auf der Oberseite 13 des so gebildeten Sicherheitselementes 1 ist wiederum eine erste Klebeschicht 14 und auf der Unterseite 15 des Sicherheitselementes 1 ist eine zweite Klebeschicht 16 ausgebildet, mit denen das Sicherheitselement 1 mit dem Vorder- und Rückseitenblatt 18, 17 der Banknote 2 verklebt wird.On the upper side 13 of the security element 1 thus formed is again a first adhesive layer 14 and on the underside 15 of the security element 1, a second adhesive layer 16 is formed with which the security element 1 with the front and back side sheet 18, 17 of the banknote 2 is glued.

Bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 3 schützen die Trägerfolien 21 und 23 die innen liegenden Mikrostrukturen 6 sowie die innen liegenden Mikrohohlspiegel 8 hervorragend vor Umwelteinflüssen und Angriffen potentieller Fälscher. Auch ist bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 3 ein Aufbau gezeigt, bei dem es nicht notwendig ist, eine Folie zwischen den Mikrostrukturen 6 und den Mikrohohlspiegel 8 als Abstandshalter zu platzieren.In the embodiment of Fig. 3 Protect the carrier films 21 and 23, the internal microstructures 6 and the inside micro hollow mirror 8 excellent against environmental influences and attacks of potential counterfeiters. Also, in the embodiment of Fig. 3 a structure shown in which it is not necessary to place a film between the microstructures 6 and the micro-cavity mirror 8 as a spacer.

In Fig. 4 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselementes 1 im in die Banknote eingebetteten Zustand gezeigt, das wie folgt hergestellt werden kann.In Fig. 4 a further embodiment of the security element 1 according to the invention is shown in embedded in the banknote state, which can be prepared as follows.

Zunächst werden in einer ersten UV-Lackschicht 25, die auf einer PET-Folie 26 aufgebracht ist, Mikrostrukturen 6 geprägt und mithilfe eines geeigneten Verfahrens eingefärbt. Anschließend wird eine zweite UV-Lackschicht 27 auf die geprägte UV-Lackschicht 25 aufgebracht und in einer zweiten Prägung werden die Formen für die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 erzeugt, die dann durch Bedampfen mit einer Metallschicht 12 gebildet werden.First, in a first UV lacquer layer 25, which is applied to a PET film 26, microstructures 6 are embossed and colored using a suitable method. Subsequently, a second UV lacquer layer 27 is applied to the embossed UV lacquer layer 25 and in a second embossing the molds for the micro-hollow mirror 8 are generated, which are then formed by vapor deposition with a metal layer 12.

Auf den so gebildeten Mikrohohlspiegeln 8 wird dann die zweite Klebeschicht 16 aufgebracht. Alternativ kann zunächst noch eine nicht gezeigte Schutzlackschicht auf den Mikrohohlspiegeln 8 ausgebildet werden, auf der dann die zweite Klebeschicht 16 aufgebracht wird. Auf der Oberseite 13 (der von den Mikrohohlspiegeln 8 wegweisenden Seite der PET-Folie 26) des Sicherheitselementes 1 wird wiederum die erste Klebeschicht 14 aufgebracht. Mit den beiden Klebeschichten 14 und 16 kann ein Verkleben bzw. Befestigen des Sicherheitselementes 1 in der Banknote 2 durchgeführt werden.The second adhesive layer 16 is then applied to the hollow micro-mirrors 8 thus formed. Alternatively, first of all, a protective lacquer layer, not shown, can be formed on the hollow micro-mirrors 8, on which the second adhesive layer 16 is then applied. On the upper side 13 (of the side facing away from the micro-hollow mirrors 8 side of the PET film 26) of the security element 1, in turn, the first adhesive layer 14 is applied. With the two adhesive layers 14 and 16, bonding or fastening of the security element 1 in the banknote 2 can be carried out.

In einer nicht gezeigten Abwandlung kann die PET-Folie 26 so ausgebildet sein, dass sie von der UV-Lackschicht 25 lösbar ist. In diesem Fall wird die zweite Klebeschicht nach Lösen der PET-Folie 26 direkt auf die UV-Lackschicht 25 aufgebracht.In a modification, not shown, the PET film 26 may be formed so that it is detachable from the UV lacquer layer 25. In this case, after dissolving the PET film 26, the second adhesive layer is applied directly to the UV lacquer layer 25.

In Fig. 5 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindumgsgemäßen Sicherheitselementes 1, das in die Banknote 2 eingesetzt ist, gezeigt. Bei dieser Ausführungsform werden zumächst die Mikrostrukturen 6 und die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 getrennt voneinander hergestellt. Dazu werden die Mikrostrukturen 6 in eine UV-Lackschicht 30, die auf einer PET-Folie 31 ausgebildet ist, geprägt und anschließend eingefärbt. In einem separaten Arbeitsgang werden die Mikrohohlspiegel (bzw. ihre Negativform) in eine UV-Lackschicht 32 geprägt, die auf einer PET-Folie 33 aufgebracht ist. Die geprägten Formen für die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 werden entweder jetzt oder nach dem Kaschieren verspiegelt.In Fig. 5 is a further embodiment of the erfindumgsgemäßen security element 1, which is inserted into the banknote 2, shown. In this embodiment, the microstructures 6 and the micro-cavity mirrors 8 will be manufactured separately from each other. For this purpose, the microstructures 6 are embossed in a UV lacquer layer 30, which is formed on a PET film 31, and then dyed. In a separate operation, the micro-hollow mirrors (or their negative mold) are embossed in a UV lacquer layer 32, which is applied to a PET film 33. The embossed shapes for the micro-hollow mirror 8 are mirrored either now or after laminating.

Die PET-Folie 33 wird dann mit der UV-Lackschicht 30 zusammenkaschiert (Kaschierkleber 34), wobei die Auftragsmenge des Kaschierklebers 34 so eingestellt wird, dass die Moire- bzw. Modulo-vergrößerten Bilder (also hier das Mikrostrukturobjekt) scharf zu sehen sind.The PET film 33 is then laminated together with the UV lacquer layer 30 (laminating adhesive 34), wherein the application amount of the laminating adhesive 34 is adjusted so that the moire or modulo-magnified images (in this case the microstructure object) can be seen sharply.

Auf der Ober- und Unterseite 13, 15 ist wiederum die erste und zweite Klebeschicht 14, 16 ausgebildet, um das Sicherheitselement 1 in der beschriebenen Art und Weise mit dem Vorder- und Rückseitenblatt 18, 17 der Banknote 2 zu verkleben.On the top and bottom 13, 15, in turn, the first and second adhesive layer 14, 16 is formed to bond the security element 1 in the manner described with the front and back side sheet 18, 17 of the banknote 2.

Die PET-Folie 31 kann wiederum lösbar mit der UV-Lackschicht 30 verbunden sein. In diesem Fall ist die erste Klebeschicht 14 direkt auf der UV-Lackschicht 30 aufgebracht.The PET film 31 may in turn be detachably connected to the UV lacquer layer 30. In this case, the first adhesive layer 14 is applied directly to the UV lacquer layer 30.

Das Sicherheitselement 1 gemäß Fig. 5 kann auch durch folgende Arbeitsschritte hergestellt werden. Zumächst wird die UV-Lackschicht 30 geprägt und eingefärbt, um die Mikrostrukturen 6 herzustellen. Danach wird auf die UV-Lackschicht 30 die PET-Folie 33 aufkaschiert. Auf die aufkaschierte PET-Folie 33 wird die UV-Lackschicht 32 gebildet und in dieser UV-Lackschicht 32 die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 durch Prägen und Beschichten gebildet.The security element 1 according to Fig. 5 can also be produced by the following steps. Next, the UV lacquer layer 30 is embossed and colored to produce the microstructures 6. Thereafter, the PET film 33 is laminated to the UV lacquer layer 30. On the laminated PET film 33, the UV coating layer 32 is formed and formed in this UV coating layer 32, the micro-hollow mirror 8 by embossing and coating.

Durch dieses Vorgehen wird vorteilhaft erreicht, dass die PET-Folie 31 während des Prägens der Mikrohohlspiegel 8 eine zusätzliche Festigkeit des Aufbaus bewirkt, was angesichts der Auswirkung von selbst kleinen Verzerrungen auf das optische Erscheinungsbild bei der Moire- oder Modulo-Vergrößerung von großer Bedeutung ist.By doing so, it is advantageously achieved that the PET film 31 during the embossing of the micro-hollow mirror 8 causes additional strength of the structure, which is of great importance in view of the effect of even small distortions on the visual appearance in moire or modulo magnification ,

Das erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitselement 1 kann z.B. als Sicherheitselement 35 mit rechteckiger Form so ausgebildet werden, dass es in dem Fensterbereich 36 des Vorderseitenblattes 18 der Banknote 2 liegt. In diesem Fall ist das Sicherheitselement 35 bevorzugt größer als der Fensterbereich 36, wie in Fig. 1 durch die gestrichelte Umrisslinie angedeutet ist, so dass mittels der ersten Klebeschicht 14 ein Verkleben des Sicherheitselementes 35 mit dem Vorderseitenblatt 18 möglich ist.The security element 1 according to the invention can be designed, for example, as a security element 35 with a rectangular shape such that it lies in the window area 36 of the front side sheet 18 of the banknote 2. In this case, the security element 35 is preferably larger than the window area 36, as in FIG Fig. 1 is indicated by the dashed outline, so that by means of the first adhesive layer 14, a bonding of the security element 35 with the front side sheet 18 is possible.

Insbesondere bei der Einbettung des Sicherheitselementes 36 in eine Chipkarte 37 (als Beispiel für ein Wertdokument) kann, wie in Fig. 6 angedeutet ist, der Fensterbereich 38 eine transparente Abdeckung 39 aufweisen, mit der das Sicherheitselement 35 mittels der ersten Klebeschicht verklebt ist. Damit wird eine dauerhafte Einbettung des Sicherheitselementes 35 erreicht.In particular, when embedding the security element 36 in a smart card 37 (as an example of a value document), as in Fig. 6 is indicated, the window portion 38 have a transparent cover 39, with which the security element 35 is glued by means of the first adhesive layer. For a permanent embedding of the security element 35 is achieved.

Natürlich kann eine solche transparente Abdeckung auch bei der Banknote 2 gemäß Fig. 1 vorliegen. So kann die Banknote z.B. als Folienverbund-Banknote ausgebildet sein, bei der sowohl das Vorder- als auch das Rückseitenblatt 17, 18 mehrschichtig ausgebildet sind, wobei die jeweils äußerste Schicht transparent ist und in der darunterliegenden Schicht beim Vorderseitenblatt 18 die Fensterbereiche 3 ausgebildet sind.Of course, such a transparent cover also in the banknote 2 according to Fig. 1 available. Thus, the banknote may be formed, for example, as a film composite banknote, in which both the front and the rear side sheets 17, 18 are multilayered, wherein the outermost layer is transparent and in the underlying layer at the front side sheet 18, the window portions 3 are formed.

Bei den obigen Ausführungsformen wurden jeweils Mikrohohlspiegel 8 beschrieben. Es versteht sich, dass die Mikrohohlspiegel stellvertretend für reflektiv wirkende Mikroabbildungselemente angegeben sind. Es ist insbesondere möglich, als reflektiv wirkende Abbildungselemente diffraktive Elemente einzusetzen, sofern sie die gewünschten Abbildungseigenschaften (in gleicher bzw. ähnlicher Weise wie die Mikrohohlspiegel 8) verwirklichen.In the above embodiments, micro-cavity mirrors 8 have been described, respectively. It is understood that the micro-cavities are given as representative of reflective micro-imaging elements. In particular, it is possible to use diffractive elements as reflective imaging elements, provided they achieve the desired imaging properties (in the same or similar manner as the micro-hollow mirrors 8).

Die Mikroabbildungselemente können insbesondere durch Mikrohohlspiegel mit einer kreisförmigen oder polygonal begrenzten Basisfläche gebildet sein oder auch durch lang gestreckte Zylinder-Mikrohohlspiegel, deren Ausdehnung in Längsrichtung mehr als 250 µm, bevorzugt mehr als 300 µm, besonders bevorzugt mehr als 500 µm und insbesondere mehr als 1 mm beträgt. Weiterhin sind als Mikroabbildungselemente Spiegel, Fresnel-Spiegel, Zonenspiegel oder andere Elemente mit reflektierender Wirkung möglich. Die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 können eine sphärische Krümmung oder aber eine asphärische Krümmung aufweisen.The microimage elements can be formed, in particular, by microvoided mirrors having a circular or polygonal limited base surface, or by elongate cylindrical microvoid mirrors whose lengthwise extension is more than 250 μm, preferably more than 300 μm, more preferably more than 500 μm and in particular more than 1 mm. Furthermore, mirrors, Fresnel mirrors, zone mirrors or other elements having a reflective effect are possible as microimage elements. The micro-hollow mirrors 8 may have a spherical curvature or an aspheric curvature.

Die Verspiegelung 12 der Mikrohohlspiegel 8 kann z.B. mittels einer aufgebrachten Metallschicht (beispielsweise aufgedampft) verwirklicht werden. Typischerweise wird eine Aluminiumschicht mit einer Stärke von z.B. 50 nm aufgebracht. Natürlich können auch andere Metalle, wie z.B. Silber, Kupfer, Chrom, Eisen usw., oder Legierungen davon verwendet werden. Die Kombination mehrerer Metalle auf- und/oder nebeneinander ist ebenfalls möglich, z.B. eine bereichsweise Bedampfung mit Cu und anschließend eine vollflächige Bedampfung mit Aluminium. Auch können alternativ zum Metall hochbrechende Beschichtungen aufgebracht werden, beispielsweise MgF2, ZnS oder TiO2. Bei Wahl einer geeigneten Dicke kann die reflektierende Wirkung durch Interferenzeffekte zusätzlich erhöht werden. Für ZnS liegt die entsprechende Schichtdicke beispielsweise bei etwa 60 nm. Auch ein Dünnschichtsystem aus beispielsweise abwechselnd hoch- und niedrigbrechenden Schichten kann so aufgebracht werden, dass die Schichtfolge als Reflektor wirkt. Solche Schichtsysteme können für eine bestimmte Wellenlänge maßgeschneidert werden.The mirror coating 12 of the micro-hollow mirrors 8 can be realized, for example, by means of an applied metal layer (vapor-deposited, for example). Typically, an aluminum layer with a thickness of eg 50 nm is applied. Of course, other metals such as silver, copper, chromium, iron, etc., or alloys thereof can be used. The combination of several metals on and / or side by side is also possible, for example, a partial vapor deposition with Cu and then a full-surface evaporation with aluminum. Also, as an alternative to the metal, high-index coatings can be applied, for example MgF 2 , ZnS or TiO 2 . When choosing a suitable thickness, the reflective effect can be additionally increased by interference effects. For ZnS, for example, the corresponding layer thickness is about 60 nm. Also a thin-layer system from, for example, alternately high and low refractive layers can be applied so that the layer sequence acts as a reflector. Such layer systems can be tailored for a particular wavelength.

Die Verspiegelung 12 kann bei den einzelnen Mikrohohlspiegeln 8 vollflächig sein. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, eine nur bereichsweise bzw. rasterförmige Beschichtung durchzuführen, so dass die Mikrohohlspiegel 8 semitransparent sind. Auch kann die Dicke der Beschichtung so gewählt werden, dass statt einer vollständigen Verspiegelung eine semitransparente Verspiegelung vorliegt.The mirror coating 12 may be over the entire surface of the individual micro-hollow mirrors 8. However, it is also possible to carry out a coating only in regions or in a grid-shaped manner so that the micro-hollow mirrors 8 are semitransparent. Also, the thickness of the coating can be chosen so that instead of a complete mirroring is present semitransparent mirroring.

Unter einer semitransparenten Verspiegelung wird hier insbesondere eine solche Verspiegelung verstanden, bei der die über zumindest einen Mikrohohlspiegel gemittelte Transmission im Bereich von 10 % bis 90 % liegt.Semitransparent mirroring is understood to mean, in particular, such a mirroring, in which the transmission averaged over at least one micro-cavity is in the range from 10% to 90%.

Die Verspiegelung kann ferner als farbkippende Beschichtung verwirklicht sein, die z.B. ein Schichtsystem aus Absorber, Dielektrikum und Reflektor aufweist. Die farbkippende Seite des Schichtsystems kann den Mikrostrukturen 6 zu- oder abgewandt sein. Im ersten Fall kann die durch das Schichtsystem generierte Farbe an die Farbe der Mikrostrukturen 6 angepasst werden.The mirror coating may also be realized as a color-shifting coating, e.g. has a layer system of absorber, dielectric and reflector. The color-shifting side of the layer system may be facing or away from the microstructures 6. In the first case, the color generated by the layer system can be adapted to the color of the microstructures 6.

Ferner ist es möglich, eine nach beiden Seiten farbkippende Wirkung mit dem Schichtsystem zu bewirken, wenn z.B. eine Schichtfolge aus Absorber, Dielektrikum, Reflektor, Dielektrikum und Absorber aufgebracht wird. Auch die beschriebenen farbkippenden Schichtsysteme können vollflächig oder nur bereichsweise aufgebracht sein.Furthermore, it is possible to effect a color-shifting effect on both sides with the layer system if, for example, a layer sequence of absorber, dielectric, reflector, dielectric and absorber is applied. The color-shifting layer systems described can also be applied over the whole area or only in certain areas.

Das Sicherheitselement 1 kann noch weitere Sicherheitsmerkmale aufweisen, wie zum Beispiel Hologramme, Cleartext oder sonstige bekannte Sicherheitsmerkmale, die zum Beispiel auf Beschreibungsseite 18 der WO 2009/000528 A1 beschrieben sind.The security element 1 may also have other security features, such as holograms, clear text or other known security features, for example, on page 18 of the description WO 2009/000528 A1 are described.

Claims (10)

  1. Security element for an article (2, 37) to be protected, having
    - an upper face (13) and a lower face (15),
    - one or more imaging optical arrangements, which all image a respective associated object to a magnified scale only in front of the upper face (13),
    - wherein the one optical arrangement or at least one of the optical arrangements comprises a plurality of reflective micro-imaging elements (8) arranged two-dimensionally in a first pattern, and the associated object is in the form of a microstructure object having a plurality of microstructures (6), which are arranged in a microstructure pattern so matched to the first pattern that the microstructure object is imaged to a magnified scale in front of the upper face (13) by means of the reflective micro-imaging elements (8),
    - and wherein on both its upper face (13) and its lower face (15) the security element (1) has an adhesive layer (14, 16), with which the security element (1) can be embedded in the article (2, 37) to be protected such that both the upper face (13) and the lower face (15) are adhesively secured to the article (2, 37) to be protected.
  2. Security element according to claim 1, in which the micro-imaging elements (8) are in the form of micro-concave mirrors (8).
  3. Security element according to claim 1 or 2, in which the micro-imaging elements (8) lie in a first plane and the microstructures (6) in a second plane parallel to the first plane.
  4. Security element according to claim 3, in which the distance between the two planes corresponds to the focal length of the micro-imaging elements (8).
  5. Security element according to one of the above claims, in which the micro-imaging elements (8) are arranged on one side of a film (9) and the microstructures (6) on the other side of the film (9).
  6. Security element according to one of the above claims, in which at least one of the adhesive layers (14, 16) is in the form of a heat seal lacquer layer.
  7. Article (2; 37) to be protected having
    - a front face (18) in which at least one window (3; 36; 38) is formed,
    - wherein a security element (1; 35) according to one of the above claims is embedded in the article (2; 37) such that it is arranged at least in the area of the window (3; 36; 38) and with its upper face (13) turned towards the window (2; 37; 38), wherein both the upper face (13) and the lower face (15) of the security element (1; 35) are adhesively secured to the article (2; 37) by means of the adhesive layers (14; 16).
  8. Article (2; 37) according to claim 7, in which the window (38) is sealed with a transparent cover (39).
  9. Article (2; 37) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the article (2; 37) is formed substantially two-dimensionally.
  10. Article (2; 37) according to one of claims 7 to 9, in which the article (2; 37) is in the form of a security paper, value document or the like.
EP10740567.2A 2009-07-30 2010-07-15 Security element for an article to be protected and article to be protected with such a security element Active EP2459387B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009035361A DE102009035361A1 (en) 2009-07-30 2009-07-30 Security element for an object to be protected and to be protected object with such a security element
PCT/EP2010/060249 WO2011012460A2 (en) 2009-07-30 2010-07-15 Security element for an article to be protected and article to be protected with such a security element

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2459387A2 EP2459387A2 (en) 2012-06-06
EP2459387B1 true EP2459387B1 (en) 2014-01-01

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10740567.2A Active EP2459387B1 (en) 2009-07-30 2010-07-15 Security element for an article to be protected and article to be protected with such a security element

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20120153607A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2459387B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102470686A (en)
DE (1) DE102009035361A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2546454C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2011012460A2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011012460A3 (en) 2011-06-23
CN102470686A (en) 2012-05-23
DE102009035361A1 (en) 2011-02-03
WO2011012460A2 (en) 2011-02-03
US20120153607A1 (en) 2012-06-21
EP2459387A2 (en) 2012-06-06
RU2012107222A (en) 2013-09-10
RU2546454C2 (en) 2015-04-10

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