EP2760030A1 - Power and/or telecommunications cable comprising at least one electrically insulating layer - Google Patents

Power and/or telecommunications cable comprising at least one electrically insulating layer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2760030A1
EP2760030A1 EP14152671.5A EP14152671A EP2760030A1 EP 2760030 A1 EP2760030 A1 EP 2760030A1 EP 14152671 A EP14152671 A EP 14152671A EP 2760030 A1 EP2760030 A1 EP 2760030A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strips
cable
insulating
insulating layer
contiguous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP14152671.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Arnaud Allais
Christelle Mazel
Boris Dardel
Thierry Seux
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Nexans SA
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Nexans SA
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Publication of EP2760030A1 publication Critical patent/EP2760030A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/04—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances mica
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4415—Cables for special applications
    • G02B6/4416—Heterogeneous cables
    • G02B6/4417—High voltage aspects, e.g. in cladding
    • G02B6/442—Insulators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/4436—Heat resistant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/28—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances natural or synthetic rubbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/46—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes silicones
    • H01B3/465—Silicone oils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power cable and / or telecommunications comprising at least one electrically insulating layer. It applies in particular, but not exclusively, to medium voltage cables designed in particular to remain operational for a defined time when they are subjected to extreme conditions such as fires. It is known that cables, whether electrical or optical, intended for energy transport or data transmission, comprise at least one conductive element, electrical or optical, surrounded by at least one insulating layer.
  • a silicone-based electrical insulation has low fire resistance when the silicone used has good electrical properties, and poor electrical performance when the silicone used has good fire resistance.
  • an energy and / or telecommunication cable comprising at least one electrically insulating layer which comprises at least two superimposed insulating strips, characterized in that each strip is arranged offset from the adjoining strips in such a way that the joints of a strip do not coincide with the joins of the contiguous strips and are entirely covered by the turns of the contiguous strips, the insulating layer comprises one or more elements enabling it to be resistant to fire, including a dielectric substance and fire resistant in contact with each of said insulating strips, each of these strips being arranged so as to leave a gap between two of its successive turns, each band being arranged offset from the adjacent bands so that the gaps of a band do not coincide with the gaps of the bands contiguous and are entirely covered by the turns of contiguous strips, the insulating layer comprising one or more elements allowing it to be fire resistant, a dielectric and fire-resistant substance in contact with each of said insulating strips and which is introduced into said gaps to fill said gaps.
  • each of the gaps of a strip is completely covered by the contiguous band disposed on the latter and is filled by said dielectric substance, which advantageously allows the cable to be protected against partial electric discharges.
  • the dielectric substance can fill all the interstices that can form between the bands.
  • this arrangement makes it possible to give the cable mechanical stability in the event of bending or folding.
  • the dielectric substance which may be a liquid, a paste or a product capable of polymerizing, is preferably arranged between two adjacent insulating strips.
  • composition of the electrically insulating layer makes it possible to give it good electrical and thermal insulation properties.
  • this composition may comprise elements in ceramic and / or glass form.
  • the essential element of the composition of the insulating layer is preferably mica which has the dual advantage of having good electrical insulation properties and fire and heat resistance.
  • Fire resistance is defined as the property allowing an element to maintain its electrical integrity and more generally its functional properties for a defined time, in a fire situation.
  • the insulating layer is composed of one or more elements allowing it to be difficult to ignite, or non-flammable, and / or incombustible.
  • the insulating strips are composed of a non-porous material when the dielectric substance is not a liquid.
  • this structure advantageously makes it possible to stabilize in torsion the insulating layer on the body of the cable.
  • the cable 1 comprises an electrically insulating layer 4 which comprises several insulating strips 61 to 64 superimposed, each of these strips 61 to 64 being arranged so as to leave a gap 71 to 74 between two of its successive turns 81 to 84.
  • each band 61 to 64 is disposed offset on a band 61 to 64 contiguous so that the gaps 71 to 74 of a band 61 to 64 do not coincide with the gaps 71 to 74 of the strips contiguous 61 to 64.
  • each of said insulating strips 61 to 64 is impregnated with a liquid having good dielectric properties and fire resistance.
  • This impregnation of the strips 61 to 64 is carried out so that the liquid is introduced into the gaps 71 to 74 of the insulating layer 4, which advantageously makes it possible to completely fill them.
  • this liquid may be composed of a two-component silicone oil.
  • the insulating strips 61 to 64 are impregnated with the dielectric liquid, preferably composed of non-partially or partially crosslinked silicone, used in an amount sufficient to allow impregnation of the insulating strips 61 to 64 but also to fill the gaps 71 to 74. impregnation takes place before or after the insulating strips 61 to 64 have been arranged on the cable 1.
  • the dielectric liquid preferably composed of non-partially or partially crosslinked silicone
  • this impregnation can be carried out by spraying the dielectric liquid on the insulating strips 61 to 64 arranged beforehand in a hermetic enclosure.
  • the dielectric liquid is pulverized in an amount sufficient to allow impregnation of the insulating strips 61 to 64 but also to fill the gaps 71 to 74.
  • the impregnation of the insulating strips 61 to 64 is carried out by immersing them in a tank comprising the dielectric liquid.
  • the amount of dielectric liquid impregnating the insulating strips 61 to 64 is sufficient to allow the impregnation of the insulating strips 61 to 64 but also to fill the gaps 71 to 74.
  • the filling of the gaps 71 to 74 is performed under the effect of the pressure exerted by the upper contiguous band and or by that of the upper cable layer 1 and contiguous to the insulating layer 4.
  • the dielectric substance is a paste or a resin preferentially disposed before carrying out the taping process.
  • the dielectric substance is a polymerized product.
  • the insulating layer 4 comprises mica which has the advantage of having electrical and thermal insulation properties.
  • At least one insulating strip 61 to 64 is formed of a micaceous ribbon for the insulation of the cables preferably reinforced by at least one support ribbon (not shown) which gives it the tensile strength necessary for proper wrapping.
  • this support tape may comprise reinforcing elements such as fibers, glass fabrics comprising extremely fine elementary strands such as silionines, films or polyester felts, or a mixture of these. elements, these elements being agglomerated by means of a special binder generally comprising a silicone compound.
  • the insulating layer 4 may comprise an underlayer comprising a plurality of insulating strips 61 to 64 of the aforementioned type which surrounds the inner semiconductor layer 3, as well as an underlayer composed of XLPE or EPR surrounding the sub-layer comprising a plurality of insulating strips 61 to 64.
  • the insulating layer 4 may comprise an underlayer composed of XLPE or EPR which surrounds the inner semiconducting layer 3, as well as an underlayer comprising several insulating strips. 61 to 64 of the aforementioned type which surrounds the underlay composed of XLPE or EPR.
  • the cable 1 according to the invention comprises an external semiconductor layer (not shown) disposed between the insulating layer 4 and the external conductive protection screen 5.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The cable has an electrically insulating layer (4) comprising insulating strips (61-64), each being placed to leave discontinuities (71-74) between two of successive turns (81-84). Each strip is placed in an offset manner relative to the strips, so that the discontinuities do not coincide with discontinuities of the contiguous strips and covered by the turns. The layer has elements allowing the layer to be fire resistant. The layer has dielectric substance e.g. paste, in contact with each strip. The substance is introduced into the discontinuities so as to fill the discontinuities.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un câble d'énergie et/ou de télécommunication comportant au moins une couche électriquement isolante. Elle s'applique notamment, mais non exclusivement, aux câbles moyenne tension destinés notamment à rester opérationnels pendant un temps défini lorsqu'ils sont soumis à des conditions extrêmes telles que des incendies. On sait que les câbles, qu'ils soient électriques ou optiques, destinés au transport d'énergie ou à la transmission de données, comprennent au moins un élément conducteur, électrique ou optique, entouré par au moins une couche isolante.The present invention relates to a power cable and / or telecommunications comprising at least one electrically insulating layer. It applies in particular, but not exclusively, to medium voltage cables designed in particular to remain operational for a defined time when they are subjected to extreme conditions such as fires. It is known that cables, whether electrical or optical, intended for energy transport or data transmission, comprise at least one conductive element, electrical or optical, surrounded by at least one insulating layer.

On sait également que les câbles moyenne ou haute tension comportent généralement de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur :

  • un élément conducteur central réalisé généralement en cuivre ou en aluminium ;
  • une couche semi-conductrice interne entourant ledit élément conducteur central et réalisée généralement en un matériau polymère électriquement conducteur ;
  • une couche électriquement isolante entourant ladite couche semi-conductrice interne ;
  • un écran de protection externe conducteur entourant ladite couche isolante et réalisé généralement en un matériau polymère électriquement conducteur ;
  • une gaine entourant ledit écran de protection externe.
It is also known that medium or high voltage cables generally comprise from the inside to the outside:
  • a central conductive element generally made of copper or aluminum;
  • an inner semiconductor layer surrounding said central conductive element and generally made of an electrically conductive polymer material;
  • an electrically insulating layer surrounding said inner semiconductor layer;
  • an outer conductive shield surrounding said insulating layer and generally made of an electrically conductive polymeric material;
  • a sheath surrounding said outer shield.

La couche électriquement isolante entourant l'élément conducteur ou disposée entre la couche semi-conductrice interne et l'écran de protection externe comporte généralement :

  • une sous-couche de mica et une sous-couche de polyéthylène du type XLPE (« Cross-linked polyethylene ») ; ou
  • une sous-couche de mica et une sous-couche d'élastomère de type EPR (« Ethylene Propylene Rubber ») ; ou
  • un composé de silicone ou d'EPR.
The electrically insulating layer surrounding the conductive element or disposed between the inner semiconductor layer and the outer protective screen generally comprises:
  • a mica undercoat and a cross-linked polyethylene XLPE (polyethylene) underlayer; or
  • a mica underlayer and an EPR ("Ethylene Propylene Rubber") elastomer underlayer; or
  • a silicone or EPR compound.

Il s'avère toutefois que l'utilisation d'une sous-couche de mica et d'une sous-couche de XLPE confère au câble une faible stabilité mécanique en cas de flexion ou de pliure et provoque une absence de matière à des endroits déterminés qui peut engendrer des décharges électriques localisées en raison d'une augmentation de la valeur du champ électrique au niveau de ces espaces vides au-delà de la limite de rigidité diélectrique.It turns out, however, that the use of an undercoat of mica and an underlayer of XLPE gives the cable a low mechanical stability in the event of bending or folding and causes a lack of material at certain locations. which may cause localized electric discharges due to an increase in the value of the electric field at these voids beyond the dielectric strength limit.

Il s'avère également qu'une isolation électrique à base de silicone présente une résistance au feu faible lorsque la silicone utilisée a de bonnes propriétés électriques, et de piètres performances électriques lorsque la silicone utilisée présente une bonne résistance au feu.It also turns out that a silicone-based electrical insulation has low fire resistance when the silicone used has good electrical properties, and poor electrical performance when the silicone used has good fire resistance.

On sait également que lorsque la couche électriquement isolante d'un câble est réalisée par l'enroulement d'une bande d'un matériau isolant sur le corps du câble, un intervalle ou déjoint est généralement laissé entre deux spires successives d'une bande afin d'assurer une certaine flexibilité au câble. Cependant, la présence de ces déjoints présente notamment l'inconvénient de rendre le câble plus vulnérable auxdites décharges électriques localisées. La présente invention a notamment pour objet de remédier à ces inconvénients majeurs en proposant un câble d'énergie et/ou de télécommunication pouvant :

  • être protégé contre lesdites décharges électriques ;
  • présenter une bonne résistance au feu ; et
  • présenter une bonne stabilité mécanique en cas de flexion de ce dernier.
It is also known that when the electrically insulating layer of a cable is formed by the winding of a strip of insulating material on the body of the cable, an interval or gap is generally left between two successive turns of a strip so to provide some flexibility to the cable. However, the presence of these gaps has the particular disadvantage of making the cable more vulnerable to said local electric shocks. The present invention is intended to overcome these major drawbacks by proposing an energy and / or telecommunication cable that can:
  • be protected against said electric shocks;
  • have good fire resistance; and
  • have good mechanical stability in case of bending of the latter.

A cet effet, elle propose un câble d'énergie et/ou de télécommunication comprenant au moins une couche électriquement isolante qui comporte au moins deux bandes isolantes superposées, caractérisé en ce que chaque bande est disposée de façon décalée par rapport aux bandes contigües de manière à ce que les jointures d'une bande ne coïncident pas avec les jointures des bandes contigües et soient recouvertes entièrement par les spires des bandes contigües, la couche isolante comporte un ou plusieurs éléments lui permettant d'être résistant au feu dont une substance diélectrique et résistante au feu au contact de chacune desdites bandes isolantes, chacune de ces bandes étant disposée de façon à laisser un déjoint entre deux de ses spires successives, chaque bande étant disposée de façon décalée par rapport aux bandes contigües de manière à ce que les déjoints d'une bande ne coïncident pas avec les déjoints des bandes contigües et soient recouverts entièrement par les spires des bandes contigües, la couche isolante comportant un ou plusieurs éléments lui permettant d'être résistant au feu dont une substance diélectrique et résistante au feu au contact de chacune desdites bandes isolantes et qui s'introduit dans lesdits déjoints de manière à combler lesdits déjoints.For this purpose, it proposes an energy and / or telecommunication cable comprising at least one electrically insulating layer which comprises at least two superimposed insulating strips, characterized in that each strip is arranged offset from the adjoining strips in such a way that the joints of a strip do not coincide with the joins of the contiguous strips and are entirely covered by the turns of the contiguous strips, the insulating layer comprises one or more elements enabling it to be resistant to fire, including a dielectric substance and fire resistant in contact with each of said insulating strips, each of these strips being arranged so as to leave a gap between two of its successive turns, each band being arranged offset from the adjacent bands so that the gaps of a band do not coincide with the gaps of the bands contiguous and are entirely covered by the turns of contiguous strips, the insulating layer comprising one or more elements allowing it to be fire resistant, a dielectric and fire-resistant substance in contact with each of said insulating strips and which is introduced into said gaps to fill said gaps.

Ainsi, chacun des déjoints d'une bande est recouvert totalement par la bande contigüe disposée sur cette dernière et est comblé par ladite substance diélectrique, ce qui permet avantageusement de protéger le câble contre les décharges électriques partielles.Thus, each of the gaps of a strip is completely covered by the contiguous band disposed on the latter and is filled by said dielectric substance, which advantageously allows the cable to be protected against partial electric discharges.

D'une manière générale, la substance diélectrique peut combler tous les interstices pouvant se former entre les bandes.In general, the dielectric substance can fill all the interstices that can form between the bands.

De plus, cette disposition permet de conférer au câble une stabilité mécanique en cas de flexion ou de pliure.In addition, this arrangement makes it possible to give the cable mechanical stability in the event of bending or folding.

La substance diélectrique qui peut être un liquide, une pâte ou un produit pouvant polymériser, est disposée préférentiellement entre deux bandes isolantes contigües.The dielectric substance, which may be a liquid, a paste or a product capable of polymerizing, is preferably arranged between two adjacent insulating strips.

La composition de la couche électriquement isolante permet de lui conférer de bonnes propriétés d'isolation électrique et thermique. A titre d'exemple, cette composition peut comprendre des éléments sous forme céramique et/ou de verre. Cependant, l'élément essentiel de la composition de la couche isolante est préférentiellement du mica qui présente le double avantage d'avoir de bonnes propriétés d'isolation électrique et de résistance au feu et à la chaleur.The composition of the electrically insulating layer makes it possible to give it good electrical and thermal insulation properties. By way of example, this composition may comprise elements in ceramic and / or glass form. However, the essential element of the composition of the insulating layer is preferably mica which has the dual advantage of having good electrical insulation properties and fire and heat resistance.

La résistance au feu est définie comme étant la propriété permettant à un élément de conserver son intégrité électrique et plus généralement ses propriétés fonctionnelles pendant un temps défini, dans une situation d'incendie.Fire resistance is defined as the property allowing an element to maintain its electrical integrity and more generally its functional properties for a defined time, in a fire situation.

De manière préférentielle, la couche isolante est composée d'un ou de plusieurs éléments lui permettant d'être difficilement inflammable, ou non inflammable, et/ou incombustible.Preferably, the insulating layer is composed of one or more elements allowing it to be difficult to ignite, or non-flammable, and / or incombustible.

Préférentiellement, les bandes isolantes sont composées d'une matière non poreuse lorsque la substance diélectrique n'est pas un liquide.Preferably, the insulating strips are composed of a non-porous material when the dielectric substance is not a liquid.

De manière préférentielle, la couche isolante comprend :

  • un premier ensemble d'au moins deux bandes isolantes contigües enroulées en spirale autour du corps du câble, dans un premier sens, avec un premier pas d'enroulement ;
  • un second ensemble d'au moins deux bandes isolantes contigües rubanées en spirale autour dudit premier ensemble, dans un second sens opposé au premier, avec un second pas d'enroulement.
Preferably, the insulating layer comprises:
  • a first set of at least two contiguous insulating strips spirally wound around the cable body, in a first direction, with a first winding pitch;
  • a second set of at least two contiguous insulating strips spirally wound around said first set, in a second direction opposite to the first, with a second winding pitch.

De cette façon, cette structure permet avantageusement de stabiliser en torsion la couche isolante sur le corps du câble.In this way, this structure advantageously makes it possible to stabilize in torsion the insulating layer on the body of the cable.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lumière des exemples qui vont suivre et des figures ci-annexées, lesdits exemples et figures étant donnés à titre illustratif et nullement limitatif.

  • La figure 1 est une représentation schématique selon une coupe transversale du câble selon l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une représentation schématique de bandes isolantes superposées, composant la couche d'isolation d'un câble selon l'invention. Pour des raisons de clarté, seuls les éléments essentiels pour la compréhension de l'invention ont été représentés de manière schématique, et ceci sans respect de l'échelle.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear in the light of the examples which follow and the appended figures, said examples and figures being given for illustrative and not limiting.
  • The figure 1 is a schematic representation in a cross section of the cable according to the invention.
  • The figure 2 is a schematic representation of superimposed insulating strips, forming the insulation layer of a cable according to the invention. For the sake of clarity, only the essential elements for understanding the invention have been shown schematically, and this without respect of the scale.

Le câble électrique 1 représenté selon une coupe transversale sur la figure 1 comporte notamment de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur :

  • un élément conducteur central 2 ;
  • une couche semi-conductrice interne 3 entourant ledit élément conducteur central 2 ;
  • une couche électriquement isolante 4 entourant ladite couche semi-conductrice interne 3 ;
  • un écran de protection externe conducteur 5 entourant ladite couche isolante 4 ;
  • une gaine extérieure de protection 10 entourant l'écran de protection externe conducteur 5.
The electric cable 1 shown in a cross section on the figure 1 includes in particular from the inside to the outside:
  • a central conductive element 2;
  • an inner semiconductor layer 3 surrounding said central conductive element 2;
  • an electrically insulating layer 4 surrounding said inner semiconductor layer 3;
  • an external conductive shield 5 surrounding said insulating layer 4;
  • an outer protective sheath 10 surrounding the outer conductive protection screen 5.

Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel représenté schématiquement en figure 2, le câble 1 selon l'invention comporte une couche électriquement isolante 4 qui comprend plusieurs bandes isolantes 61 à 64 superposées, chacune de ces bandes 61 à 64 étant disposée de façon à laisser un déjoint 71 à 74 entre deux de ses spires successives 81 à 84. En outre, chaque bande 61 à 64 est disposée de façon décalée sur une bande 61 à 64 contigüe de manière à ce que les déjoints 71 à 74 d'une bande 61 à 64 ne coïncident pas avec les déjoints 71 à 74 des bandes contigües 61 à 64.According to a preferred embodiment shown schematically in figure 2 , the cable 1 according to the invention comprises an electrically insulating layer 4 which comprises several insulating strips 61 to 64 superimposed, each of these strips 61 to 64 being arranged so as to leave a gap 71 to 74 between two of its successive turns 81 to 84. In addition, each band 61 to 64 is disposed offset on a band 61 to 64 contiguous so that the gaps 71 to 74 of a band 61 to 64 do not coincide with the gaps 71 to 74 of the strips contiguous 61 to 64.

A titre d'exemple, tel que cela est représenté sur la figure 2, la couche isolante 4 comporte :

  • une première bande isolante 61 appliquée sur la couche semi-conductrice interne 3 du câble 1, préférentiellement par rubanage, de façon à laisser un déjoint 71 entre deux spires successives 81 de cette première bande 61 ;
  • une seconde bande isolante 62 appliquée sur la première bande isolante 61 de façon à laisser un déjoint 72 entre deux spires successives 82 de cette seconde bande 62, cette seconde bande 62 étant disposée de façon décalée sur la première bande 61 de manière à ce que les déjoints 71 de la première bande 61 ne coïncident pas avec les déjoints 72 de la seconde bande 62 et soient recouverts entièrement par les spires 82 de la bande 62 ;
  • des bandes isolantes supplémentaires 63 et 64 appliquées de telle manière que :
    • o ces bandes 63, 64 soient superposées ;
    • o chacune de ces bandes 63, 64 soit disposée de façon à laisser un déjoint 73, 74 entre deux de ses spires successives 83, 84 ; et que
    • o chaque bande 63, 64 soit disposée de façon décalée par rapport aux bandes contigües respectivement 62, 64 et 63, de manière à ce que les déjoints 72, 73, 74 d'une bande 62, 63, 64 ne coïncident pas avec les déjoints 72, 73, 74 des bandes contigües 62, 63, 64 et soient recouverts entièrement par les spires 83, 84 des bandes contigües 63, 64.
For example, as shown on the figure 2 the insulating layer 4 comprises:
  • a first insulating strip 61 applied to the inner semiconducting layer 3 of the cable 1, preferably by taping, so as to leave a gap 71 between two successive turns 81 of this first band 61;
  • a second insulating strip 62 applied to the first insulating strip 61 so as to leave a gap 72 between two successive turns 82 of this second strip 62, this second strip 62 being arranged offset on the first strip 61 so that the gaps 71 of the first band 61 do not coincide with the gaps 72 of the second band 62 and are entirely covered by the turns 82 of the band 62;
  • additional insulating strips 63 and 64 applied in such a way that:
    • o these strips 63, 64 are superimposed;
    • o each of these strips 63, 64 is arranged to leave a gap 73, 74 between two of its successive turns 83, 84; and
    • each strip 63, 64 is arranged offset from the contiguous strips 62, 64 and 63, respectively, so that the gaps 72, 73, 74 of a strip 62, 63, 64 do not coincide with the gaps. 72, 73, 74 of the contiguous strips 62, 63, 64 and are entirely covered by the turns 83, 84 of the contiguous strips 63, 64.

De façon préférentielle, chacune desdites bandes isolantes 61 à 64 est imprégnée d'un liquide ayant de bonnes propriétés diélectriques et de résistance au feu. Cette imprégnation des bandes 61 à 64 s'effectue de manière à ce que le liquide s'introduise dans les déjoints 71 à 74 de la couche isolante 4, ce qui permet avantageusement de les remplir totalement. A titre d'exemple non limitatif, ce liquide peut être composé d'une huile silicone bi-composant.Preferably, each of said insulating strips 61 to 64 is impregnated with a liquid having good dielectric properties and fire resistance. This impregnation of the strips 61 to 64 is carried out so that the liquid is introduced into the gaps 71 to 74 of the insulating layer 4, which advantageously makes it possible to completely fill them. By way of non-limiting example, this liquid may be composed of a two-component silicone oil.

Préférentiellement, les bandes isolantes 61 à 64 sont imprégnées du liquide diélectrique, composé préférentiellement de silicone non ou partiellement réticulé, utilisé en une quantité suffisante pour permettre l'imprégnation des bandes isolantes 61 à 64 mais également de remplir les déjoints 71 à 74. Cette imprégnation s'effectue avant ou après que les bandes isolantes 61 à 64 aient été disposées sur le câble 1.Preferably, the insulating strips 61 to 64 are impregnated with the dielectric liquid, preferably composed of non-partially or partially crosslinked silicone, used in an amount sufficient to allow impregnation of the insulating strips 61 to 64 but also to fill the gaps 71 to 74. impregnation takes place before or after the insulating strips 61 to 64 have been arranged on the cable 1.

Selon une variante d'exécution de l'invention, cette imprégnation peut être effectuée en pulvérisant le liquide diélectrique sur les bandes isolantes 61 à 64 disposées au préalable dans une enceinte hermétique. Le liquide diélectrique est pulvérisé en une quantité suffisante pour permettre l'imprégnation des bandes isolantes 61 à 64 mais également de remplir les déjoints 71 à 74.According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, this impregnation can be carried out by spraying the dielectric liquid on the insulating strips 61 to 64 arranged beforehand in a hermetic enclosure. The dielectric liquid is pulverized in an amount sufficient to allow impregnation of the insulating strips 61 to 64 but also to fill the gaps 71 to 74.

Selon une autre variante d'exécution de l'invention, l'imprégnation des bandes isolantes 61 à 64 s'effectue en les immergeant dans un bac comportant le liquide diélectrique. La quantité de liquide diélectrique imprégnant les bandes isolantes 61 à 64 est suffisante pour permettre l'imprégnation des bandes isolantes 61 à 64 mais également de remplir les déjoints 71 à 74.According to another alternative embodiment of the invention, the impregnation of the insulating strips 61 to 64 is carried out by immersing them in a tank comprising the dielectric liquid. The amount of dielectric liquid impregnating the insulating strips 61 to 64 is sufficient to allow the impregnation of the insulating strips 61 to 64 but also to fill the gaps 71 to 74.

Dans l'hypothèse où l'imprégnation s'effectue avant que les bandes isolantes 61 à 64 soient disposées sur le câble 1, le remplissage des déjoints 71 à 74 s'effectue sous l'effet de la pression exercée par la bande contigüe supérieure et/ou par celle de la couche du câble 1 supérieure et contigüe à la couche isolante 4.In the event that the impregnation is carried out before the insulating strips 61 to 64 are disposed on the cable 1, the filling of the gaps 71 to 74 is performed under the effect of the pressure exerted by the upper contiguous band and or by that of the upper cable layer 1 and contiguous to the insulating layer 4.

Selon une variante d'exécution de l'invention, la substance diélectrique est une pâte ou une résine disposée préférentiellement avant la réalisation du processus de rubanage.According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the dielectric substance is a paste or a resin preferentially disposed before carrying out the taping process.

Selon une autre variante d'exécution de l'invention, la substance diélectrique est un produit polymérisé.According to another variant embodiment of the invention, the dielectric substance is a polymerized product.

Préférentiellement, la couche isolante 4 comporte du mica qui présente l'avantage d'avoir des propriétés d'isolation électrique et thermique.Preferably, the insulating layer 4 comprises mica which has the advantage of having electrical and thermal insulation properties.

De manière préférentielle, au moins une bande isolante 61 à 64 est formée d'un ruban micacé pour l'isolation des câbles renforcé préférentiellement par au moins un ruban support (non représenté) qui lui confère la résistance à la traction nécessaire à un enrubannage correct. A titre d'exemple non limitatif, ce ruban support peut comporter des éléments de renfort tels que des fibres, des tissus de verre comprenant des brins élémentaires extrêmement fins tels que des silionnes, des films ou des feutres de polyester, ou un mélange de ces éléments, ces éléments étant agglomérés au moyen d'un liant spécial comprenant généralement un composé de silicone.Preferably, at least one insulating strip 61 to 64 is formed of a micaceous ribbon for the insulation of the cables preferably reinforced by at least one support ribbon (not shown) which gives it the tensile strength necessary for proper wrapping. . By way of nonlimiting example, this support tape may comprise reinforcing elements such as fibers, glass fabrics comprising extremely fine elementary strands such as silionines, films or polyester felts, or a mixture of these. elements, these elements being agglomerated by means of a special binder generally comprising a silicone compound.

Selon une variante d'exécution de l'invention, la couche isolante 4 peut comporter une sous-couche comprenant plusieurs bandes isolantes 61 à 64 du type susdit qui entoure la couche semi-conductrice interne 3, ainsi qu'une sous-couche composée de XLPE ou d'EPR qui entoure la sous-couche comprenant plusieurs bandes isolantes 61 à 64.According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the insulating layer 4 may comprise an underlayer comprising a plurality of insulating strips 61 to 64 of the aforementioned type which surrounds the inner semiconductor layer 3, as well as an underlayer composed of XLPE or EPR surrounding the sub-layer comprising a plurality of insulating strips 61 to 64.

Selon une autre variante d'exécution de l'invention, la couche isolante 4 peut comporter une sous-couche composée de XLPE ou d'EPR qui entoure la couche semi-conductrice interne 3, ainsi qu'une sous-couche comprenant plusieurs bandes isolantes 61 à 64 du type susdit qui entoure la sous-couche composée de XLPE ou d'EPR.According to another alternative embodiment of the invention, the insulating layer 4 may comprise an underlayer composed of XLPE or EPR which surrounds the inner semiconducting layer 3, as well as an underlayer comprising several insulating strips. 61 to 64 of the aforementioned type which surrounds the underlay composed of XLPE or EPR.

Préférentiellement, le câble 1 selon l'invention comporte une couche semi-conductrice externe (non représentée) disposée entre la couche isolante 4 et l'écran de protection externe conducteur 5.Preferably, the cable 1 according to the invention comprises an external semiconductor layer (not shown) disposed between the insulating layer 4 and the external conductive protection screen 5.

De manière préférentielle, la couche isolante 4 comprend :

  • un premier ensemble d'au moins deux bandes isolantes 61 à 64 contigües, présentant préférentiellement la même largeur, enroulées en spirale autour du corps du câble 1, dans un premier sens, avec un premier pas d'enroulement ;
  • un second ensemble d'au moins deux bandes isolantes 61 à 64 contigües, présentant préférentiellement la même largeur, enroulées en spirale autour dudit premier ensemble, dans un second sens opposé au premier, avec un second pas d'enroulement.
Preferably, the insulating layer 4 comprises:
  • a first set of at least two insulating strips 61 to 64 contiguous, preferably having the same width, wound in a spiral around the body of the cable 1, in a first direction, with a first winding pitch;
  • a second set of at least two insulating strips 61 to 64 contiguous, preferably having the same width, wound in a spiral around said first set, in a second direction opposite the first, with a second winding pitch.

Claims (13)

Câble (1) d'énergie et/ou de télécommunication comprenant au moins une couche (4) électriquement isolante qui comporte au moins deux bandes isolantes (61 à 64) superposées,
caractérisé en ce que chaque bande (61 à 64) est disposée de façon décalée par rapport aux bandes (61 à 64) contigües de manière à ce que les jointures d'une bande (61 à 64) ne coïncident pas avec les jointures des bandes (61 à 64) contigües et soient recouvertes entièrement par les spires (82 à 84) des bandes contigües (62 à 64), la couche isolante (4) comporte un ou plusieurs éléments lui permettant d'être résistant au feu dont une substance diélectrique et résistante au feu au contact de chacune desdites bandes isolantes (61 à 64),
chacune de ces bandes (61 à 64) étant disposée de façon à laisser un déjoint (71 à 74) entre deux de ses spires successives (81 à 84), chaque bande (61 à 64) étant disposée de façon décalée par rapport aux bandes (61 à 64) contigües de manière à ce que les déjoints (71 à 74) d'une bande (61 à 64) ne coïncident pas avec les déjoints (71 à 74) des bandes (61 à 64) contigües et soient recouverts entièrement par les spires (82 à 84) des bandes contigües (62 à 64), la couche isolante (4) comportant un ou plusieurs éléments lui permettant d'être résistant au feu dont une substance diélectrique et résistante au feu au contact de chacune desdites bandes isolantes (61 à 64) et qui s'introduit dans lesdits déjoints (71 à 74) de manière à combler lesdits déjoints (71 à 74).Energy and / or telecommunications cable (1) comprising at least one electrically insulating layer (4) which comprises at least two superposed insulating strips (61 to 64),
characterized in that each strip (61 to 64) is disposed offset from the adjacent strips (61 to 64) so that the joins of a strip (61 to 64) do not coincide with the joins of the strips (61 to 64) contiguous and are entirely covered by the turns (82 to 84) of the contiguous strips (62 to 64), the insulating layer (4) comprises one or more elements allowing it to be resistant to fire including a dielectric substance and fire resistant in contact with each of said insulating strips (61 to 64),
each of these strips (61 to 64) being arranged so as to leave a gap (71 to 74) between two of its successive turns (81 to 84), each band (61 to 64) being arranged offset from the strips (61 to 64) contiguous so that the gaps (71 to 74) of a strip (61 to 64) do not coincide with the gaps (71 to 74) of the strips (61 to 64) contiguous and are completely covered by the turns (82 to 84) of the contiguous strips (62 to 64), the insulating layer (4) comprising one or more elements allowing it to be resistant to fire, including a dielectric and fire-resistant substance in contact with each of said strips insulating (61 to 64) and which is introduced into said gaps (71 to 74) so as to fill said gaps (71 to 74). Câble (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la substance diélectrique est disposée entre deux bandes isolantes contigües (61 à 64).Cable (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the dielectric substance is arranged between two adjacent insulating strips (61 to 64). Câble (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la substance diélectrique est un liquide, une pâte ou un produit pouvant polymériser.Cable (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the dielectric substance is a liquid, a paste or a product which can polymerize. Câble (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit liquide diélectrique est composé d'une huile silicone bi-composant.Cable (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that said dielectric liquid is composed of a two-component silicone oil. Câble (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la substance diélectrique est une pâte.Cable (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the dielectric substance is a paste. Câble (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la substance diélectrique est un produit polymérisé.Cable (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the dielectric substance is a polymerized product. Câble (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche isolante (4) comprend : - un premier ensemble d'au moins deux bandes isolantes (61 à 64) contigües, enroulées en spirale autour du corps du câble (1), dans un premier sens, avec un premier pas d'enroulement ; - un second ensemble d'au moins deux bandes isolantes (61 à 64) contigües, enroulées en spirale autour dudit premier ensemble, dans un second sens opposé au premier, avec un second pas d'enroulement. Cable (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulating layer (4) comprises: - a first set of at least two insulating strips (61 to 64) contiguous, spirally wound around the body of the cable (1), in a first direction, with a first winding pitch; - A second set of at least two insulating strips (61 to 64) contiguous, spirally wound around said first set, in a second direction opposite to the first, with a second winding pitch. Câble (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la couche isolante (4) comprend du mica.Cable (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the insulating layer (4) comprises mica. Câble (1) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une bande isolante (61 à 64) est formée d'un ruban micacé renforcé par au moins un ruban support.Cable (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one insulating strip (61 to 64) is formed of a micaceous tape reinforced by at least one support tape. Câble (1) selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le ruban support comporte des éléments de renfort.Cable (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the carrier tape comprises reinforcing elements. Câble (1) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de renfort sont des fibres, des tissus de verre comprenant des brins élémentaires extrêmement fins tels que des silionnes, des films ou des feutres de polyester, ou un mélange de ces éléments.Cable (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the reinforcing elements are fibers, glass fabrics comprising extremely fine elementary strands such as silionines, films or polyester felts, or a mixture of these elements . Câble (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche isolante (4) comporte une sous-couche comprenant plusieurs bandes isolantes (61 à 64) qui entoure une couche semi-conductrice interne (3), ainsi qu'une sous-couche composée de XLPE (« Cross-linked polyethylene ») ou d'EPR (« Ethylene Propylene Rubber ») qui entoure la sous-couche comprenant plusieurs bandes isolantes (61 à 64).Cable (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulating layer (4) comprises an underlayer comprising a plurality of insulating strips (61 to 64) which surrounds an inner semiconductor layer (3), as well as an underlay composed of XLPE ("Cross-linked polyethylene") or EPR ("Ethylene Propylene Rubber") which surrounds the underlayer comprising a plurality of insulating strips (61 to 64). Câble (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la couche isolante (4) comporte une sous-couche composée de XLPE ou d'EPR qui entoure une couche semi-conductrice interne (3), ainsi qu'une sous-couche comprenant plusieurs bandes isolantes (61 à 64) du type susdit qui entoure la sous-couche composée de XLPE ou d'EPR.Cable (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the insulating layer (4) comprises an underlayer consisting of XLPE or EPR which surrounds an inner semiconductor layer (3), as well as an underlayer comprising a plurality of insulating strips (61 to 64) of the aforementioned type which surrounds the underlayer composed of XLPE or EPR.
EP14152671.5A 2013-01-28 2014-01-27 Power and/or telecommunications cable comprising at least one electrically insulating layer Withdrawn EP2760030A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1350694A FR3001574B1 (en) 2013-01-28 2013-01-28 ENERGY AND / OR TELECOMMUNICATION CABLE COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE ELECTRICALLY INSULATING LAYER

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016051049A1 (en) 2014-10-03 2016-04-07 Nexans Fire-resistant cable connection
WO2016092200A1 (en) 2014-12-10 2016-06-16 Nexans Cable or cable accessory comprising a fire-resistant layer
WO2017174941A1 (en) 2016-04-07 2017-10-12 Nexans Device comprising a cable or cable accessory containing a fire-resistant composite layer

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WO2006005426A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-19 Tyco Electronics Uk Ltd. Fire resistant wire and cable constructions
WO2008142385A1 (en) * 2007-05-18 2008-11-27 Draka U.K. Limited Fire-resistant cable
US20110274863A1 (en) * 2010-05-04 2011-11-10 Airbus Operations Gmbh Thermal insulating tape with fire protecting system and its use in aircraft construction

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006005426A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-19 Tyco Electronics Uk Ltd. Fire resistant wire and cable constructions
WO2008142385A1 (en) * 2007-05-18 2008-11-27 Draka U.K. Limited Fire-resistant cable
US20110274863A1 (en) * 2010-05-04 2011-11-10 Airbus Operations Gmbh Thermal insulating tape with fire protecting system and its use in aircraft construction

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016051049A1 (en) 2014-10-03 2016-04-07 Nexans Fire-resistant cable connection
WO2016092200A1 (en) 2014-12-10 2016-06-16 Nexans Cable or cable accessory comprising a fire-resistant layer
WO2017174941A1 (en) 2016-04-07 2017-10-12 Nexans Device comprising a cable or cable accessory containing a fire-resistant composite layer

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FR3001574B1 (en) 2017-01-27

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