EP3187425B1 - Method for operating a packaging machine - Google Patents

Method for operating a packaging machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3187425B1
EP3187425B1 EP15203189.4A EP15203189A EP3187425B1 EP 3187425 B1 EP3187425 B1 EP 3187425B1 EP 15203189 A EP15203189 A EP 15203189A EP 3187425 B1 EP3187425 B1 EP 3187425B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
supplied
holding means
another
spacing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15203189.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3187425A1 (en
Inventor
Franz Heller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bizerba SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Bizerba SE and Co KG
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Application filed by Bizerba SE and Co KG filed Critical Bizerba SE and Co KG
Priority to EP15203189.4A priority Critical patent/EP3187425B1/en
Priority to US15/390,199 priority patent/US10773848B2/en
Publication of EP3187425A1 publication Critical patent/EP3187425A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3187425B1 publication Critical patent/EP3187425B1/en
Priority to US17/008,447 priority patent/US11383872B2/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B59/00—Arrangements to enable machines to handle articles of different sizes, to produce packages of different sizes, to vary the contents of packages, to handle different types of packaging material, or to give access for cleaning or maintenance purposes
    • B65B59/02—Arrangements to enable adjustments to be made while the machine is running
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B11/00—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
    • B65B11/48—Enclosing articles, or quantities of material, by folding a wrapper, e.g. a pocketed wrapper, and securing its opposed free margins to enclose contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B11/00—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
    • B65B11/54—Wrapping by causing the wrapper to embrace one end and all sides of the contents, and closing the wrapper onto the opposite end by forming regular or irregular pleats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B35/00—Supplying, feeding, arranging or orientating articles to be packaged
    • B65B35/10—Feeding, e.g. conveying, single articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B41/00—Supplying or feeding container-forming sheets or wrapping material
    • B65B41/12—Feeding webs from rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B45/00—Apparatus or devices for supporting or holding wrappers during wrapping operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B57/00—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices
    • B65B57/10—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of articles or materials to be packaged
    • B65B57/12—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of articles or materials to be packaged and operating to control, or stop, the feed of wrapping materials, containers, or packages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B59/00—Arrangements to enable machines to handle articles of different sizes, to produce packages of different sizes, to vary the contents of packages, to handle different types of packaging material, or to give access for cleaning or maintenance purposes
    • B65B59/001—Arrangements to enable adjustments related to the product to be packaged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B59/00—Arrangements to enable machines to handle articles of different sizes, to produce packages of different sizes, to vary the contents of packages, to handle different types of packaging material, or to give access for cleaning or maintenance purposes
    • B65B59/003—Arrangements to enable adjustments related to the packaging material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B59/00—Arrangements to enable machines to handle articles of different sizes, to produce packages of different sizes, to vary the contents of packages, to handle different types of packaging material, or to give access for cleaning or maintenance purposes
    • B65B59/04—Machines constructed with readily-detachable units or assemblies, e.g. to facilitate maintenance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of operating a packaging machine for wrapping food packaging trays with a packaging film, in particular a plastic film, in which the film is fed to a holding mechanism having two spaced-apart holding means for holding the fed film on two opposite sides. Thereafter, the distance between the two holding means is adjusted from each other, and then a supplied shell is pressed by lifting from below against the supplied film. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a corresponding packaging machine.
  • packaging trays are known in which food products are packaged, the food product and the shell are wrapped by a stretch film.
  • packaging trays for food products are also referred to as trays.
  • a packaging machine which comprises a feed device for feeding the film, a holding mechanism for holding the supplied film on two mutually opposite sides, and a feed belt, with which the trays with the food products of a lifting device, in particular a lifting table be supplied.
  • the lifting device then raises the supplied tray against the stretch film so that the film is stretched over the tray.
  • the stretch film is biased, ie the distance between the two holding means, after feeding the stretch film and before the shell is raised with the food product against the film, increased.
  • the film is guided by means of lateral folding pliers and by means of a rear pliers around the shell and folded under the shell bottom.
  • the film is welded under the shell, for example by means of a hot plate over which the shell is guided.
  • the bowl of food is then completely enclosed by a strained foil.
  • Such a packaging machine is for example from the US 5,855,106 or the EP 0 569 615 A1 known.
  • a stretch film that can be processed by such a packaging machine for example, from EP 0 687 558 A2 known.
  • Such packaging machines are used for the packaging of rigid, flat foam trays in which e.g. Meat is packed.
  • packaging machines are not suitable for high packaging trays such as e.g. be used for packaging of lettuce, since such packaging trays are usually very unstable and their side walls would buckle on lifting or pressing against the prestressed foil, whereby the food contained therein would be compressed.
  • other packaging machines are used, in which the packaging tray is fed to a film tube which wraps around the packaging tray. After cutting off the hose, the hose ends are guided under the packing tray and welded there.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and a packaging machine of the type mentioned, which allows or even to handle packaging trays with high, unstable side walls without such packaging trays are crushed during packaging.
  • the film is therefore not biased, but it is on the contrary put on a sagging of the film.
  • This can be achieved that packaging trays are not destroyed with high, unstable side walls when the packaging trays are pressed from below against the film.
  • the invention makes it possible that the known from the prior art packaging machines, which were previously only suitable for the packaging of solid, flat packaging trays, can be used by a corresponding minor modification for packaging trays with high, unstable side edges.
  • a single, universal packaging machine can thus handle both the packaging of solid, flat packaging trays and the packaging of packaging trays with high, unstable side walls.
  • the degree of reduction of the distance of the two holding means from each other in particular the determination of the aforementioned second value, depending on the shell type and / or at least one dimension of the supplied shell takes place.
  • the degree of reduction can therefore be adapted to the respective supplied packaging shell.
  • the distance is further reduced, the greater the height and / or the base area (or the Footprint) of the supplied shell.
  • the film then hangs more strongly than in the case of shells with lower side walls in comparison.
  • the shell type and / or the height and / or the base of the supplied shell is input to an input unit of the packaging machine, and that the measure of the reduction of the distance or the aforementioned second value determined by the input becomes.
  • the shell type of the supplied shell is automatically recognized and / or at least one dimension of the supplied shell is automatically determined.
  • the detection of the shell type can take place by means of an object recognition device, for example a camera, the determination of the at least one dimension, for example by means of a camera or a light barrier.
  • the film spanning the shell can be folded laterally and at a rear end under the shell, the shell are passed with the folded under the shell film to a hot plate, whereby a front end of the film is folded under the shell, and the film ends by means of the heating plate to be welded to the bottom of the shell.
  • the packaging shell with the food contained therein is completely enveloped by the film.
  • the invention further relates to a packaging machine for wrapping food packaging trays with a packaging film, in particular a plastic film, in particular for carrying out the method according to the above disclosure, with a feed device for feeding the film, a holding mechanism with two spaced apart holding means, to the supplied film to hold on two mutually opposite sides, wherein the distance between the two holding means is adjustable from each other, a feed belt for feeding the shells and a lifting device to the supplied shell by pressing down against the supplied film, wherein the packaging machine comprises an operating mode in which, with supplied film and before the supplied shell is pressed by lifting from below against the supplied film, the distance between the two holding means is reduced from each other.
  • a control unit for controlling the packaging machine can be provided which is designed to reduce the distance of the two holding means from one another when the film is supplied.
  • the packaging machine may comprise a further mode of operation in which, with supplied film and before the supplied shell is pressed by lifting from below against the supplied film, the distance of the two holding means from each other is increased.
  • FIG. 1 A schematic representation of a film packaging machine according to the invention 1.
  • a schematic plan view In the upper part of the figure is a schematic plan view and in the lower part of the figure is a side view of the packaging machine 1 is shown.
  • the packaging machine 1 comprises a film dispensing device 217, a film feed device 216, a film transport device 214 and a film cutting device 215 arranged between the film feed device 216 and the film transport device 214.
  • a roll of a packaging film K in particular a plastic film, can be inserted into the film dispenser 217 and there through a film holder or roll holders are held.
  • the film feed device 216 By means of the film feed device 216, a unwound end of the film K can then be transferred to the film transport device 214.
  • the film transporting device 214 has two belt conveyors 201 and 202 arranged parallel to each other for conveying the supplied film K on two opposite sides in a transporting direction X until the leading edge of the film K has arrived at the front end of the film transporting direction 214 as viewed in the transporting direction X. is, whereupon the film transport is stopped and the foil cutter 215, the film K is separated from the rest of the film roll.
  • the belt conveyors 201 and 202 are adapted to clamp the particular separated film K on the two opposite sides.
  • Hubaktoren may be provided, as they are basically known from the prior art.
  • the film transport device 214 is designed such that the distance between the two belt conveyors 201 and 202 is adjustable from one another.
  • the first belt conveyor 201 or the second belt conveyor 202 or both belt conveyors 201 and 202 can be simultaneously moved transversely to the film transport direction X, in particular by means of a motor drive controlled by a control unit of the packaging machine 1.
  • the packaging machine 1 has a feed belt 102, via which can be supplied to the film K to be wrapped packaging trays P with food products therein a lifting table 105 of the packaging machine 1.
  • the lifting table 105 is adapted to transport a respective tray P up to the film K held in the film transporting device 214 in such a way that the tray P is pressed against the film K from below, so that the film K automatically changes during the lifting process the shell P lays.
  • the invention provides to reduce the mutual distance of the two belt conveyors 201 and 202, so that between the two belt conveyors 201 and 202 spanned film K at least slightly sags.
  • the film K is not biased by increasing the distance between the two belt conveyors 201 and 202, but it is intended to sag the film K.
  • a resistance exerted by the film K can be minimized, but in this case it does not necessarily have to be excluded that the film K may be very slightly tensioned after lifting the shell P.
  • a camera 103 is provided with which different types of trays can be detected. Based on the detected shell type, it can then be determined how much the distance of the two belt conveyors 201 and 202 must be reduced in order to achieve a sufficiently strong sagging of the film K for the respective shell type. Such an association between shell type and distance reduction can be stored in a memory of the packaging machine 1.
  • a light barrier 104 may be provided to adjust the height of the supplied to determine trays P, and from the determined height can also be closed to the extent of the required reduction of the distance. In particular, the greater the height and / or the base area of the supplied shell P, the further can the distance be reduced.
  • the light barrier 104 can additionally be used to trigger a start signal for the packaging process.
  • the film K is guided laterally and rearwardly by means of lateral folding tongs 108a and 108b and by means of a rear folding tongs 110 around the tray P and folded under the tray P or the bottom of the tray P.
  • the shell P is pushed out of the foil packing area onto a sealing plate 107 via a pusher 109, whereby the front end of the foil K is also folded under the shell P.
  • the sealing plate 107 is heated to a temperature at which the ends of the film K folded under the shell P are welded together.
  • the packaged tray P can be transported via a cross conveyor 106 to a labeling device, not shown in the figure, and provided with a label.
  • a scale 101 is arranged below the feed belt 102, with which the weight of the supplied packaging trays P can be determined with the food products.
  • a printer connected to the scale 101 may then print a label indicating the weight of the filled tray P.
  • the labeling device takes over the label from the printer and applies it to the packed tray P.
  • a plastic film can be used which is stretchable, ie a so-called stretch film.
  • This film is thermoplastic and can be sealed or welded at high temperature.
  • the thickness of the film is usually in a range between 10 .mu.m and 60 .mu.m.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Verpackungsmaschine zum Umwickeln von Verpackungsschalen für Lebensmittel mit einer Verpackungsfolie, insbesondere einer Kunststofffolie, bei dem die Folie einem Haltemechanismus mit zwei voneinander beabstandeten Haltemitteln zugeführt wird, um die zugeführte Folie an zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten zu halten, danach der Abstand der beiden Haltemittel voneinander verstellt wird, und anschließend eine zugeführte Schale durch Anheben von unten gegen die zugeführte Folie gedrückt wird. Ferner betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung eine entsprechende Verpackungsmaschine.The present invention relates to a method of operating a packaging machine for wrapping food packaging trays with a packaging film, in particular a plastic film, in which the film is fed to a holding mechanism having two spaced-apart holding means for holding the fed film on two opposite sides. Thereafter, the distance between the two holding means is adjusted from each other, and then a supplied shell is pressed by lifting from below against the supplied film. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a corresponding packaging machine.

Aus Supermärkten sind Verpackungsschalen bekannt, in denen Lebensmittel-Produkte abgepackt sind, wobei das Lebensmittel-Produkt und die Schale von einer Stretchfolie umwickelt sind. Allgemein werden Verpackungsschalen für Lebensmittel-Produkte auch als Trays bezeichnet. Zum Verpacken kommt dabei eine Verpackungsmaschine zum Einsatz, die eine Zuführeinrichtung zum Zuführen der Folie, einen Haltemechanismus zum Halten der zugeführten Folie an zwei aneinander gegenüberliegenden Seiten, und ein Zuführband umfasst, mit der die Schalen mit den Lebensmittel-Produkten einer Hebeeinrichtung, insbesondere einem Hubtisch, zugeführt werden. Die Hebeeinrichtung hebt dann die zugeführte Schale gegen die Stretchfolie, so dass die Folie über die Schale gespannt wird. Die Stretchfolie ist dabei vorgespannt, d.h. der Abstand der beiden Haltemittel wird, nach Zuführung der Stretchfolie und bevor die Schale mit dem Lebensmittel-Produkt gegen die Folie angehoben wird, vergrößert. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass sich die Folie gleichmäßig und sauber an die Schale mit dem Lebensmittel-Produkt anlegen kann. Anschließend wird die Folie mittels seitlicher Faltzangen und mittels einer hinteren Faltzange um die Schale geführt und unter den Schalenboden gefaltet. Beim Verlassen der Hebeeinrichtung wird auch das vordere Folienende unter den Schalenboden gefaltet. Danach wird die Folie unter der Schale verschweißt, z.B. mittels einer Wärmeplatte, über die die Schale geführt wird. Die Schale mit dem Lebensmittel ist dann vollständig von einer gespannten Folie eingeschlossen.From supermarkets packaging trays are known in which food products are packaged, the food product and the shell are wrapped by a stretch film. Generally packaging trays for food products are also referred to as trays. For packaging, a packaging machine is used, which comprises a feed device for feeding the film, a holding mechanism for holding the supplied film on two mutually opposite sides, and a feed belt, with which the trays with the food products of a lifting device, in particular a lifting table be supplied. The lifting device then raises the supplied tray against the stretch film so that the film is stretched over the tray. The stretch film is biased, ie the distance between the two holding means, after feeding the stretch film and before the shell is raised with the food product against the film, increased. This ensures that the film is evenly and cleanly attached to the bowl of the food product can create. Subsequently, the film is guided by means of lateral folding pliers and by means of a rear pliers around the shell and folded under the shell bottom. When leaving the lifting device and the front end of the film is folded under the tray bottom. Thereafter, the film is welded under the shell, for example by means of a hot plate over which the shell is guided. The bowl of food is then completely enclosed by a strained foil.

Eine derartige Verpackungsmaschine ist beispielsweise aus der US 5,855,106 oder der EP 0 569 615 A1 bekannt. Eine Stretchfolie, die von einer derartigen Verpackungsmaschine verarbeitet werden kann, ist beispielsweise aus der EP 0 687 558 A2 bekannt.Such a packaging machine is for example from the US 5,855,106 or the EP 0 569 615 A1 known. A stretch film that can be processed by such a packaging machine, for example, from EP 0 687 558 A2 known.

Solche Verpackungsmaschinen werden für die Verpackung von festen, flachen Schaumstoffschalen verwendet, in denen z.B. Fleisch verpackt wird. Derartige Verpackungsmaschinen sind jedoch nicht für hohe Verpackungsschalen geeignet, wie sie z.B. zum Verpacken von Salat verwendet werden, da derartige Verpackungsschalen in der Regel sehr instabil sind und deren Seitenwände beim Anheben bzw. Drücken gegen die vorgespannte Folie einknicken würden, wodurch das darin befindliche Lebensmittel zusammengedrückt werden würde. Für hohe, instabile Verpackungsschalen kommen daher andere Verpackungsmaschinen zum Einsatz, bei denen die Verpackungsschale einem Folienschlauch zugeführt wird, der die Verpackungsschale umhüllt. Nach Abschneiden des Schlauches werden die Schlauchenden unter die Verpackungsschale geführt und dort verschweißt.Such packaging machines are used for the packaging of rigid, flat foam trays in which e.g. Meat is packed. However, such packaging machines are not suitable for high packaging trays such as e.g. be used for packaging of lettuce, since such packaging trays are usually very unstable and their side walls would buckle on lifting or pressing against the prestressed foil, whereby the food contained therein would be compressed. For high, unstable packaging trays, therefore, other packaging machines are used, in which the packaging tray is fed to a film tube which wraps around the packaging tray. After cutting off the hose, the hose ends are guided under the packing tray and welded there.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Verpackungsmaschine der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, das bzw. die ermöglicht, auch Verpackungsschalen mit hohen, instabilen Seitenwänden zu verarbeiten, ohne dass derartige Verpackungsschalen beim Verpacken zerdrückt werden.The invention has for its object to provide a method and a packaging machine of the type mentioned, which allows or even to handle packaging trays with high, unstable side walls without such packaging trays are crushed during packaging.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst, und insbesondere dadurch, dass der Haltemechanismus derart verstellt wird, dass der Abstand der beiden Haltemittel voneinander verringert wird. Erfindungsgemäß wird also die Folie dem Haltemechanismus bei einem ersten Abstand der beiden Haltemittel voneinander zugeführt, und der Haltemechanismus wird derart verstellt, dass der Abstand der beiden Haltemittel voneinander von dem ersten Wert auf einen zweiten Wert verringert wird. Das Verringern des Abstands der beiden Haltemittel voneinander bewirkt, dass die zugeführte Folie zwischen den beiden Haltemitteln durchhängt.This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1, and in particular by the fact that the holding mechanism is adjusted such that the distance between the two holding means is reduced from each other. According to the invention, therefore, the film is supplied to the holding mechanism at a first distance of the two holding means from each other, and the holding mechanism is adjusted so that the distance between the two holding means is reduced from the first value to a second value. Reducing the distance of the two holding means from each other causes the supplied film sags between the two holding means.

Anders als aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt, wird die Folie also nicht vorgespannt, sondern es wird im Gegenteil auf ein Durchhängen der Folie abgestellt. Hierdurch kann erreicht werden, dass Verpackungsschalen mit hohen, instabilen Seitenwänden nicht zerstört werden, wenn die Verpackungsschalen von unten gegen die Folie gedrückt werden. Durch die Erfindung wird ermöglicht, dass die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verpackungsmaschinen, die bislang lediglich für die Verpackung von festen, flachen Verpackungsschalen geeignet waren, durch eine entsprechende geringfügige Modifizierung auch für Verpackungsschalen mit hohen, instabilen Seitenrändern verwendet werden können. Eine einzige, universelle Verpackungsmaschine kann damit sowohl die Verpackung von festen, flachen Verpackungsschalen als auch die Verpackung von Verpackungsschalen mit hohen, instabilen Seitenwänden übernehmen.Unlike known from the prior art, the film is therefore not biased, but it is on the contrary put on a sagging of the film. This can be achieved that packaging trays are not destroyed with high, unstable side walls when the packaging trays are pressed from below against the film. The invention makes it possible that the known from the prior art packaging machines, which were previously only suitable for the packaging of solid, flat packaging trays, can be used by a corresponding minor modification for packaging trays with high, unstable side edges. A single, universal packaging machine can thus handle both the packaging of solid, flat packaging trays and the packaging of packaging trays with high, unstable side walls.

Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Maß der Verringerung des Abstands der beiden Haltemittel voneinander, insbesondere die Festlegung des vorgenannten zweiten Werts, in Abhängigkeit von dem Schalentyp und/oder wenigstens einer Abmessung der zugeführten Schale erfolgt. Das Maß der Verringerung kann demnach an die jeweilige zugeführte Verpackungsschale angepasst werden. Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Abstand umso weiter verringert wird, je größer die Höhe und/oder die Grundfläche (bzw. der Footprint) der zugeführten Schale ist. Bei Schalen mit besonders hohen Seitenwänden hängt die Folie dann stärker durch als bei Schalen mit im Vergleich hierzu niedrigeren Seitenwänden.According to one embodiment it can be provided that the degree of reduction of the distance of the two holding means from each other, in particular the determination of the aforementioned second value, depending on the shell type and / or at least one dimension of the supplied shell takes place. The degree of reduction can therefore be adapted to the respective supplied packaging shell. In particular, it can be provided that the distance is further reduced, the greater the height and / or the base area (or the Footprint) of the supplied shell. In the case of shells with particularly high side walls, the film then hangs more strongly than in the case of shells with lower side walls in comparison.

Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, dass der Schalentyp und/oder die Höhe und/oder die Grundfläche der zugeführten Schale in eine Eingabeeinheit der Verpackungsmaschine eingegeben wird bzw. werden, und dass das Maß der Verringerung des Abstands bzw. der vorgenannte zweite Wert anhand der Eingabe bestimmt wird. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann aber auch vorgesehen sein, dass der Schalentyp der zugeführten Schale automatisch erkannt und/oder wenigstens eine Abmessung der zugeführten Schale automatisch ermittelt wird. Die Erkennung des Schalentyps kann mittels einer Objekterkennungseinrichtung, beispielsweise einer Kamera, erfolgen, die Ermittlung der wenigstens einen Abmessung beispielsweise mittels einer Kamera oder einer Lichtschranke.In principle, it is possible that the shell type and / or the height and / or the base of the supplied shell is input to an input unit of the packaging machine, and that the measure of the reduction of the distance or the aforementioned second value determined by the input becomes. Alternatively or additionally, however, it can also be provided that the shell type of the supplied shell is automatically recognized and / or at least one dimension of the supplied shell is automatically determined. The detection of the shell type can take place by means of an object recognition device, for example a camera, the determination of the at least one dimension, for example by means of a camera or a light barrier.

Schließlich kann die die Schale umspannende Folie seitlich und an einem hinteren Ende unter die Schale gefaltet werden, die Schale mit der unter die Schale gefalteten Folie an eine Heizplatte übergeben werden, wodurch ein vorderes Ende der Folie unter die Schale gefaltet wird, und die Folienenden mittels der Heizplatte an der Unterseite der Schale verschweißt werden. Damit ist die Verpackungsschale mit dem darin befindlichen Lebensmittel vollständig von der Folie umhüllt.Finally, the film spanning the shell can be folded laterally and at a rear end under the shell, the shell are passed with the folded under the shell film to a hot plate, whereby a front end of the film is folded under the shell, and the film ends by means of the heating plate to be welded to the bottom of the shell. Thus, the packaging shell with the food contained therein is completely enveloped by the film.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Verpackungsmaschine zum Umwickeln von Verpackungsschalen für Lebensmittel mit einer Verpackungsfolie, insbesondere einer Kunststofffolie, insbesondere zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der vorstehenden Offenbarung, mit einer Zuführeinrichtung zum Zuführen der Folie, einem Haltemechanismus mit zwei voneinander beabstandeten Haltemitteln, um die zugeführte Folie an zwei aneinander gegenüberliegenden Seiten zu halten, wobei der Abstand der beiden Haltemittel voneinander verstellbar ist, einem Zuführband zum Zuführen der Schalen und einer Hebeeinrichtung, um die zugeführte Schale durch Anheben von unten gegen die zugeführte Folie zu drücken, wobei die Verpackungsmaschine einen Betriebsmodus umfasst, bei dem, bei zugeführter Folie und bevor die zugeführte Schale durch Anheben von unten gegen die zugeführte Folie gedrückt wird, der Abstand der beiden Haltemittel voneinander verringert wird. Insbesondere kann eine Kontrolleinheit zur Steuerung der Verpackungsmaschine vorgesehen sein, die dazu ausgebildet ist, bei zugeführter Folie den Abstand der beiden Haltemittel voneinander zu verringern. Hierbei ergeben sich dieselben Vorteile, wie sie vorstehend zu dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren beschrieben sind. Insbesondere kann die Verpackungsmaschine einen weiteren Betriebsmodus umfassen, bei dem, bei zugeführter Folie und bevor die zugeführte Schale durch Anheben von unten gegen die zugeführte Folie gedrückt wird, der Abstand der beiden Haltemittel voneinander vergrößert wird. Hierdurch wird zusätzlich der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Betrieb der Verpackungsmaschine ermöglicht, d.h. mit der Verpackungsmaschine ist sowohl ein Betrieb mit durchhängender Folie als auch ein Betrieb mit vorgespannter Folie möglich.The invention further relates to a packaging machine for wrapping food packaging trays with a packaging film, in particular a plastic film, in particular for carrying out the method according to the above disclosure, with a feed device for feeding the film, a holding mechanism with two spaced apart holding means, to the supplied film to hold on two mutually opposite sides, wherein the distance between the two holding means is adjustable from each other, a feed belt for feeding the shells and a lifting device to the supplied shell by pressing down against the supplied film, wherein the packaging machine comprises an operating mode in which, with supplied film and before the supplied shell is pressed by lifting from below against the supplied film, the distance between the two holding means is reduced from each other. In particular, a control unit for controlling the packaging machine can be provided which is designed to reduce the distance of the two holding means from one another when the film is supplied. This results in the same advantages as described above for the method according to the invention. In particular, the packaging machine may comprise a further mode of operation in which, with supplied film and before the supplied shell is pressed by lifting from below against the supplied film, the distance of the two holding means from each other is increased. As a result, the known from the prior art operation of the packaging machine is also possible, ie with the packaging machine both operation with sagging film as well as operation with pre-tensioned film is possible.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Verpackungsmaschine ergeben sich in analoger Weise aus den Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, und umgekehrt. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen, der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung angegeben.Preferred embodiments of the packaging machine according to the invention result analogously from the developments of the method according to the invention, and vice versa. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims, the description and the drawing.

Ein nicht beschränkendes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird nachfolgend beschrieben.A non-limiting embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described below.

Dabei zeigt die einzige Figur, die Fig. 1, eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Folienverpackungsmaschine 1. In dem oberen Teil der Figur ist eine schematische Draufsicht und in dem unteren Teil der Figur eine Seitenansicht der Verpackungsmaschine 1 dargestellt.It shows the only figure, the Fig. 1 , A schematic representation of a film packaging machine according to the invention 1. In the upper part of the figure is a schematic plan view and in the lower part of the figure is a side view of the packaging machine 1 is shown.

Die Verpackungsmaschine 1 umfasst eine Folienspendeeinrichtung 217, eine Folienzuführeinrichtung 216, eine Folientransporteinrichtung 214 und eine zwischen der Folienzuführeinrichtung 216 und der Folientransporteinrichtung 214 angeordnete Folienschneideinrichtung 215. Eine Rolle einer Verpackungsfolie K, insbesondere einer Kunststofffolie, kann in die Folienspendeeinrichtung 217 eingelegt und dort durch einen Folienhalter oder Rollenhalter gehaltert werden. Mittels der Folienzuführeinrichtung 216 kann ein abgewickeltes Ende der Folie K dann an die Folientransporteinrichtung 214 übergeben werden.The packaging machine 1 comprises a film dispensing device 217, a film feed device 216, a film transport device 214 and a film cutting device 215 arranged between the film feed device 216 and the film transport device 214. A roll of a packaging film K, in particular a plastic film, can be inserted into the film dispenser 217 and there through a film holder or roll holders are held. By means of the film feed device 216, a unwound end of the film K can then be transferred to the film transport device 214.

Die Folientransporteinrichtung 214 weist zwei parallel zueinander beabstandet angeordnete Riemenfördereinrichtungen 201 und 202 auf, um die zugeführte Folie K an zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten in einer Transportrichtung X zu fördern, bis die Vorderkante der Folie K an dem in Transportrichtung X gesehen vorderen Ende der Folientransportrichtung 214 angekommen ist, woraufhin der Folientransport gestoppt und über die Folienschneideinrichtung 215 die Folie K von der übrigen Folienrolle abgetrennt wird. Darüber hinaus sind die Riemenfördereinrichtungen 201 und 202 dazu ausgelegt, die insbesondere abgetrennte Folie K klemmend an den zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten zu halten. Hierzu können beispielsweise nicht dargestellte Hubaktoren vorgesehen sein, wie sie aus dem Stand der Technik grundsätzlich bekannt sind.The film transporting device 214 has two belt conveyors 201 and 202 arranged parallel to each other for conveying the supplied film K on two opposite sides in a transporting direction X until the leading edge of the film K has arrived at the front end of the film transporting direction 214 as viewed in the transporting direction X. is, whereupon the film transport is stopped and the foil cutter 215, the film K is separated from the rest of the film roll. Moreover, the belt conveyors 201 and 202 are adapted to clamp the particular separated film K on the two opposite sides. For this purpose, for example, not shown Hubaktoren may be provided, as they are basically known from the prior art.

Die Folientransporteinrichtung 214 ist derart ausgebildet, dass der Abstand der beiden Riemenfördereinrichtungen 201 und 202 voneinander verstellbar ist. Zur Verstellung des gegenseitigen Abstands kann die erste Riemenfördereinrichtung 201 oder die zweite Riemenfördereinrichtung 202 oder können beide Riemenfördereinrichtungen 201 und 202 gleichzeitig quer zu der Folientransportrichtung X bewegt werden, insbesondere mittels eines motorischen Antriebs, welcher von einer Kontrolleinheit der Verpackungsmaschine 1 gesteuert wird.The film transport device 214 is designed such that the distance between the two belt conveyors 201 and 202 is adjustable from one another. For adjusting the mutual distance, the first belt conveyor 201 or the second belt conveyor 202 or both belt conveyors 201 and 202 can be simultaneously moved transversely to the film transport direction X, in particular by means of a motor drive controlled by a control unit of the packaging machine 1.

Darüber hinaus weist die Verpackungsmaschine 1 ein Zuführband 102 auf, über welches mit der Folie K zu umwickelnde Verpackungsschalen P mit darin befindlichen Lebensmittel-Produkten einem Hubtisch 105 der Verpackungsmaschine 1 zuführbar sind. Der Hubtisch 105 ist dazu ausgelegt, eine jeweilige Schale P nach oben zu der in der Folientransporteinrichtung 214 gehaltenen Folie K derart zu transportieren, dass die Schale P von unten gegen die Folie K gedrückt wird, so dass sich die Folie K bei dem Hubvorgang automatisch um die Schale P legt.In addition, the packaging machine 1 has a feed belt 102, via which can be supplied to the film K to be wrapped packaging trays P with food products therein a lifting table 105 of the packaging machine 1. The lifting table 105 is adapted to transport a respective tray P up to the film K held in the film transporting device 214 in such a way that the tray P is pressed against the film K from below, so that the film K automatically changes during the lifting process the shell P lays.

Um die Verpackungsmaschine 1 für Verpackungsschalen P mit hohen, instabilen Seitenwänden verwenden zu können, ohne die labilen Verpackungsschalen P beim Drücken gegen die Folie K zu zerdrücken, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, den gegenseitigen Abstand der beiden Riemenfördereinrichtungen 201 und 202 zu verringern, so dass die zwischen den beiden Riemenfördereinrichtungen 201 und 202 aufgespannte Folie K zumindest leicht durchhängt. Anders als aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt, wird die Folie K also nicht durch Vergrößerung des Abstands zwischen den beiden Riemenfördereinrichtungen 201 und 202 vorgespannt, sondern es ist vielmehr ein Durchhängen der Folie K beabsichtigt. Beim Drücken der Schale P von unten gegen die Folie K kann daher ein von der Folie K ausgeübter Widerstand minimiert werden, wobei hierbei jedoch nicht notwendigerweise ausgeschlossen werden muss, dass die Folie K nach Anheben der Schale P eventuell sehr leicht gespannt ist.In order to use the packaging machine 1 for packaging trays P with high, unstable side walls, without crushing the unstable packaging pans P when pressed against the film K, the invention provides to reduce the mutual distance of the two belt conveyors 201 and 202, so that between the two belt conveyors 201 and 202 spanned film K at least slightly sags. Thus, unlike the prior art, the film K is not biased by increasing the distance between the two belt conveyors 201 and 202, but it is intended to sag the film K. When pressing the shell P from below against the film K, therefore, a resistance exerted by the film K can be minimized, but in this case it does not necessarily have to be excluded that the film K may be very slightly tensioned after lifting the shell P.

Im Einlaufbereich des Zuführbandes 102 ist eine Kamera 103 vorgesehen, mit der verschiedene Schalentypen erkannt werden können. Basierend auf dem erkannten Schalentyp kann dann bestimmt werden, wie weit der Abstand der beiden Riemenfördereinrichtungen 201 und 202 verringert werden muss, um ein ausreichend starkes Durchhängen der Folie K für den jeweiligen Schalentyp zu erreichen. Eine derartige Zuordnung zwischen Schalentyp und Abstandsverringerung kann in einem Speicher der Verpackungsmaschine 1 hinterlegt sein. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann eine Lichtschranke 104 vorgesehen sein, um die Höhe der zugeführten Schalen P zu bestimmen, wobei aus der bestimmten Höhe ebenfalls auf das Maß der erforderlichen Verringerung des Abstands geschlossen werden kann. Insbesondere kann der Abstand umso weiter verringert werden, je größer die Höhe und/oder die Grundfläche der zugeführten Schale P ist. Die Lichtschranke 104 kann im Übrigen zusätzlich auch dazu verwendet werden, ein Startsignal für den Verpackungsprozess auszulösen.In the inlet region of the feed belt 102, a camera 103 is provided with which different types of trays can be detected. Based on the detected shell type, it can then be determined how much the distance of the two belt conveyors 201 and 202 must be reduced in order to achieve a sufficiently strong sagging of the film K for the respective shell type. Such an association between shell type and distance reduction can be stored in a memory of the packaging machine 1. Alternatively or additionally, a light barrier 104 may be provided to adjust the height of the supplied to determine trays P, and from the determined height can also be closed to the extent of the required reduction of the distance. In particular, the greater the height and / or the base area of the supplied shell P, the further can the distance be reduced. Incidentally, the light barrier 104 can additionally be used to trigger a start signal for the packaging process.

Zum weiteren Umwickeln der Verpackungsschalen P wird nach Anheben der Verpackungsschale P die Folie K seitlich und hinten mittels seitlicher Faltzangen 108a und 108b sowie mittels einer hinteren Faltzange 110 um die Schale P nach unten geführt und unter die Schale P bzw. den Boden der Schale P gefaltet. Anschließend wird die Schale P über einen Pusher 109 aus dem Folienpackbereich heraus auf eine Siegelplatte 107 geschoben, wodurch auch das vordere Ende der Folie K unter die Schale P gefaltet wird. Die Siegelplatte 107 ist auf eine Temperatur aufgeheizt, bei der die unter die Schale P gefalteten Enden der Folie K miteinander verschweißt bzw. versiegelt werden.For further wrapping the packaging trays P, after lifting the packaging tray P, the film K is guided laterally and rearwardly by means of lateral folding tongs 108a and 108b and by means of a rear folding tongs 110 around the tray P and folded under the tray P or the bottom of the tray P. , Subsequently, the shell P is pushed out of the foil packing area onto a sealing plate 107 via a pusher 109, whereby the front end of the foil K is also folded under the shell P. The sealing plate 107 is heated to a temperature at which the ends of the film K folded under the shell P are welded together.

Abschließend kann die verpackte Schale P über ein Querförderband 106 zu einer in der Figur nicht dargestellten Etikettiervorrichtung transportiert und mit einem Etikett versehen werden. Hierzu ist unterhalb des Zuführbands 102 eine Waage 101 angeordnet, mit der das Gewicht der zugeführten Verpackungsschalen P mit den Lebensmittelprodukten bestimmt werden kann. Ein mit der Waage 101 verbundener Drucker kann dann ein Etikett, auf dem das Gewicht der befüllten Schale P angegeben ist, ausdrucken. Die Etikettiervorrichtung übernimmt das Etikett von dem Drucker und appliziert dieses auf die verpackte Schale P.Finally, the packaged tray P can be transported via a cross conveyor 106 to a labeling device, not shown in the figure, and provided with a label. For this purpose, a scale 101 is arranged below the feed belt 102, with which the weight of the supplied packaging trays P can be determined with the food products. A printer connected to the scale 101 may then print a label indicating the weight of the filled tray P. The labeling device takes over the label from the printer and applies it to the packed tray P.

Als Verpackungsfolie kann eine Kunststofffolie verwendet werden, die dehnbar ist, d.h. eine sogenannte Stretchfolie. Diese Folie ist thermoplastisch und kann bei hoher Temperatur versiegelt oder verschweißt werden. Die Dicke der Folie liegt üblicherweise in einem Bereich zwischen 10 µm und 60 µm.As a packaging film, a plastic film can be used which is stretchable, ie a so-called stretch film. This film is thermoplastic and can be sealed or welded at high temperature. The thickness of the film is usually in a range between 10 .mu.m and 60 .mu.m.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Verpackungsmaschinepackaging machine
101101
WaageLibra
102102
Zuführbandinfeed
103103
Kameracamera
104104
Lichtschrankephotocell
105105
HubtischLift table
106106
QuerförderbandCross conveyor belt
107107
Siegelplattesealing plate
108a108a
seitliche Faltzangelateral folding pliers
108b108b
seitliche Faltzangelateral folding pliers
109109
Pusherpusher
110110
hintere Faltzangerear folding pliers
201201
RiemenfördereinrichtungBelt conveyor
202202
RiemenfördereinrichtungBelt conveyor
214214
FolientransporteinrichtungFilm transport means
215215
FolienschneideinrichtungFoil cutter
216216
Folienzuführeinrichtungfilm feeder
217217
FolienspendeeinrichtungSheet dispensing device
KK
Verpackungsfoliepackaging film
PP
Verpackungsschale (mit Lebensmittel-Produkt)Packaging tray (with food product)
XX
Transportrichtungtransport direction

Claims (6)

  1. A method of operating a packaging machine (1) for wrapping packaging trays (P) for foods using a packaging film (K), in which the film (K) is supplied to a holding mechanism (214) comprising two holding means (201, 202) spaced apart from one another to hold the supplied film (K) at two mutually oppositely disposed sides; in which the spacing of the two holding means (201, 202) from one another is then adjusted; and in which a supplied tray (P) is subsequently pressed toward the supplied film (K) by lifting from below,
    characterized in that
    the holding mechanism (214) is adjusted such that the spacing of the two holding means (201, 202) from one another is reduced, with the film (K) being supplied to the holding mechanism (214) at a first spacing of the two holding means (201, 202) from one another and the holding mechanism (214) being adjusted such that the spacing of the two holding means (201, 202) from one another is reduced from the first value to a second value, and with the reduction of the spacing of the two holding means (201, 202) from one another having the effect that the supplied film (K) sags between the two holding means (201, 202).
  2. A method in accordance with claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the amount of the reduction of the spacing of the two holding means (201, 202) from one another takes place in dependence on the tray type and/or on at least one dimension of the supplied tray (P).
  3. A method in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2,
    characterized in that
    the spacing is reduced the more, the greater the height and/or the base surface of the supplied tray (P) is.
  4. A method in accordance with at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the tray type of the supplied tray (P) is automatically recognized and/or at least one dimension of the supplied tray (P) is automatically determined, in particular by means of a camera (103) or by means of a light barrier (104).
  5. A packaging machine for wrapping packaging trays (P) for foods using a packaging film (K), in particular for carrying out the method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, having a supply device (216) for supplying the film (K); having a holding mechanism (214) comprising two holding means (201, 202) spaced apart from one another to hold the supplied film (K) at two mutually oppositely disposed sides, with the spacing of the two holding means (201, 202) from one another being adjustable; having a supply belt (102) for supplying the trays (P); and having a lifting device (105) to press the supplied tray (P) toward the supplied film (K) by lifting from below,
    characterized in that
    the packaging machine (1) comprises an operating mode in which the spacing of the two holding means (201, 202) from one another is reduced with a supplied film (K) and before the supplied tray (P) is pressed toward the supplied film (K) by lifting from below, with the film (K) being supplied to the holding mechanism (214) at a first spacing of the two holding means (201, 202) from one another and the holding mechanism (214) being adjusted such that the spacing of the two holding means (201, 202) from one another is reduced from the first value to a second value, and with the reduction of the spacing of the two holding means (201, 202) from one another having the effect that the supplied film (K) sags between the two holding means (201, 202).
  6. A packaging machine in accordance with claim 5,
    characterized in that
    the packaging machine (1) comprises a further operating mode in which the spacing of the two holding means (201, 202) from one another is increased with a supplied film (K) and before the supplied tray (P) is pressed toward the supplied film (K) by lifting from below.
EP15203189.4A 2015-12-30 2015-12-30 Method for operating a packaging machine Active EP3187425B1 (en)

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EP15203189.4A EP3187425B1 (en) 2015-12-30 2015-12-30 Method for operating a packaging machine
US15/390,199 US10773848B2 (en) 2015-12-30 2016-12-23 Method of operating a packaging machine
US17/008,447 US11383872B2 (en) 2015-12-30 2020-08-31 Packaging machine

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EP3783301B1 (en) 2019-08-20 2022-03-02 Bizerba SE & Co. KG Object measuring system for a packaging machine for determining the dimensions of a base surface and optionally a height of a packaging tray to be wrapped
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US20170190453A1 (en) 2017-07-06
US20200391896A1 (en) 2020-12-17
EP3187425A1 (en) 2017-07-05
US20210206525A2 (en) 2021-07-08
US10773848B2 (en) 2020-09-15
US11383872B2 (en) 2022-07-12

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