GB2205255A

GB2205255A - Color changing toy

Info

Publication number: GB2205255A
Application number: GB08809915A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Yutaka Shibahashi; Norikazu Nakasuji; Tsutomu Kito; Michiyuki Yasuda; Kuniyuki Senga
Original assignee: Pilot Ink Co Ltd
Current assignee: Pilot Ink Co Ltd
Priority date: 1987-04-29
Filing date: 1988-04-27
Publication date: 1988-12-07
Anticipated expiration: 2008-04-27
Also published as: KR880019307U; DE8805700U1; ES2012266A6; CA1340198C; KR950007440Y1; FR2614549A1; GB2205255B; AU1524888A; AU608834B2; GB8809915D0; FR2614549B1

Abstract

A color-changeable toy having a toy body to which a quasireversible thermochromic material is applied in a pattern. This material stably holds either of two coloured states in a range of ordinary room temperature. However, the material reversibly changes to one of the states above this range and to the other below this range. Thereby, by using commonly available heat and chilling sources such as ice, hot water or breath, one of the colours can be selected. A breath blow pipe can be used in conjunction with the toy and have an external appearance associated with that of the toy, e.g. gun and soldier. One of the "coloured" states can be colourless to permit an underlying coloured layer to show.

Description

(W NGING TOt The present invention relates to color changing toys. It particularly relates to a toy having two colored configurations in which a ueer can change between the two configurations of the toy by use of suitable heating or cooling. Further, the user can select one of the two configurations and hold the selected configuration in the range of ordinary temperatures.

In order to provide such a toy in which two visual configurations are exhibited depending on a change in temperature, there has been proposed a toy which ii colored so that the surface of the toy changes in color at a predetermined threshold temperature. Eowever, only z specific one of the two states before and after the change can exist in the range of ordinary temperature. That is, although the non-ambient state maintained during the application of heat or chilling required to present the non-ambient state; the toy returns to the ambient state (determined by the range of ordinary temperature) when the application of heat or chilling is removed.

It ie an object of the present invention to provide a toy having two visual configurations in which the color of its surface changes depending on the temperature but either one of the configurations before and after the change in surface color can be selected as desired and can be maintained in the range of ordinary temperature.

The color memory toy, according to the present invention, is arranged such that at least a portion ot the surface of the toy which has an original coloring is further colored with a color material in the form of for example, ink, pigment, paint, or the like. One example of the color material is a quasi-reversible thermochromic coloring which exhibits hysteresis in response to a change in temperature to thereby exhibit a state transition between a colored state and a colorless state or between a first color and second color.

The invention will be described by reference to the Figures in which; Figures 1 and 2 are perspective views of a miniature car of an embodiment of the invention in which Figure 1 howx an aspect in which a whole body ic yellow, and Figure 2 shows an aspect of a two-tone color in which a roof is yellow and the resit is red.

Figures 3 and 4 are views illustrating : a doll of another embodiment of the invention.

Figure 5 is an enlarged sectional view of an eye portion of the doll of Figures 3 and 4.

Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional view of an eyebrow portion of the doll of Figures 3 and 4.

Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of a miniature car of yet another embodiment.

Figure 8 is an enlarged sectional view of an instant photograph of'a further embodiment.

Figures 9 and 10 are views for explaining the manner how to play with combination of a color memory soldier doll and a blowpipe according to the present invention.

Figure 11 is a view showing the hysteresis characteristic of the reversible recolding composition.

The reversible thermochromic recording wnposition proposed by the present inventor in U.S. Patent 4,720,301 is preferably used as the above-mentioned quasi-reversible thermochromic coloring.

The meaning of the abbve-mentioned hysteresis characteristic is as follows. The Shape of the curve obtained by plotting the color density as a function of temperature depends on whether the temperature is changing from below to above the range of color changing temperature or from above to below the eame range. Therefore, the curves in the foregoing two cases form a loop when they are canbined as shown in Fig. 11.

Assuming that the temperatures at the junctions between the two curves at the opposite ends of the loop at the lower and higher sides are represented by TA and T3 respectively, the quasi-reversible thermochromic coloring used according to the present invention is characterized in that the lower temPerature TA is a temperature.to be obtained..in a human environment, for example, produced by ice or cold water, that is, a temperature within a range of f:cin about OOC to about 150C, and the higher temperature TB is a temperature obtainable in a human environment, for example, produced by a human body, a hot water bath, a hair dryer, or the like.That is, the higher temperature T3 is within a range of from about 270C to about 900C. With this quasi-reversible thermochromic coloring, the range of temperature in which both the colored state and the colorless state (both the first and second colored states) can co-exist extends over the range of ordinary temperature. This range will hereinafter be referred to as the "two-color holding temperature range". Particularly, the quasi-reversible thermochromic color in which the two-color holding temperature range exists within the range of ordinary temperatures of from about 10 C to about 350C is preferably selected.

There are various combinations of different quasi-reversible thermochromic coloring, for example, the -combination of quasi-reversible thermochromic colorings having different colors, or the combination of those having two-color holding temperature ranges which are different from each other while both extend within the range of ordinary temperature. A special example of the latter combination is the combination of those colorings having the relationship that the two-color holding temperature range of one quasi-reversible thermochromic color is wider than and includes that of the other quasi-reverslbie thermochromic color. Any of these combinations may give a toy changeability between a variety of patterns or a variety of designs when such a combination is applied to various surface portions of the toy.

The quasi-reversible thermochromic color is dispersed in a suitable medium so as to be used as a coloring material in the form of ink, pigment or paint to thereby color a desired portion of the surface of a shaped toy. Needless to say, the above-mentioned treatment may be performed on the surface of members of a toy before assembly.

In a shaped toy in which the portion coated with the quasi-reversible thermochromic coloring i in the colorless state at an ordinary temperature, it thereby produces the configuration that the color of a substrate appears. If the surface of this colorless portion is first cooled below the above-described lower temperature TA so as to make the portion be in the colored state and the temperature of the portion is then returned to the . ordinary temperature the configuration of the lower temperature colored state is held within the range of ordinary temperature.

On the other hand, if the temperature of the same surface portion is returned to the ordinary temperature after it is once heated above the sbove-desciibed higher temperature TB so as to make the portion be in the colorless state, the higher temperature colorless state ii held within the range of ordinary temperature.

The same explanation applies to the interchangeability between the respective configurations of the switchable first and second colors.

Thus, the toy of the present invention is constructed such that one Of two visual cdnfigurations can be selected and held according to user's desire.

The selected configuration can be further varied into the other configuration at will and the thus obtained other configuration remains stable. At that time, if heat or cooling is applied to only a part of the painted portion, the configuration of only that part is varied.

If different ' kinds of : quasi-reversible thermochromic coloring are painted on respective surface portions of the toy of the present invention a the toy exhibits an overall pattern or design which varies whenever any of the respective surface portions are varied in color.

The example of applications of the above functions may include: a change between two appearances of painted and an unpainted face, or between the appearances of an ordinarily painted face and a thickly painted face in a doll. In a general sense, a shaped toy of the invention such as a vehicle, an animal, a monster, a dinosaur, etc., a dress for a doll, and so on, has surfaces which exhibit interchangeability between patterns, for example, between a uniform color and a camouflage color, between different designs, between a plain design and a fancy design, between two colors, or between one of the colors and a combination of two colors.Even more particularly, an animal toy may be interchangeable between two types, for example, between a horse and a zebra, between a white bear and a panda, and the respective animal type is stably held in the range of ordinary temperature.

The color of the surface of the above-mentioned toy may be partially changed by, for example, a brush a writing-brush, a sponge, a cloth and the like which have been soaked with cold or hot water. It is, however, preferable to use a breath blowing means (blowpipe) constituted by a shaped object externally having a funnel-shaped mouthpiece and a pipe portion which is connected to the mouthpiece through the shaped object.The pipe portion is externally projected and opened at its end. - If the shaped object of the blowpipe is made to have a shape associated with the toy itself, for example, if the toy and blowpipe have respective shapes of a soldier and a gun or a trumpet or a wizard and a staff, playing with such a set of the toy and the blowpipe has redoubled interest, and there is an advantage in that users breath is used as a heating source.

Example 1 The first example is a doll made of polyvinyl chloride resin and having a configuration in which its face had been ordinarily-painted, that is, its lips, cheeks and eyelids had been -pa9nted in light pink, light cinnabar and light purple respectively. Paints L', M and N including quasi-reversible thermochromic color. L, M and N respectively were spray-painted upon the lips, the cheeks and the eyelids respectively.

These quasi-reversible thermochromic colorings L, M and N were thermally reversibly changeable respe=tively between blue and colorless, between purple and colorless and between pink and colorless. For all three colorings, the point TA was 1000 and the point TB was 3200. The face was dried so that the doll was made to be a color memory doll which could exhibit a dual configuration in its face.

After the face of this doll was warmed by hands it showed the aspect of an ordinarily painted face. When the face was cooled by cold water of about IOOC below room temperature of about 250C, the lips, the cheeks and the eyelids respectively turned dark blue, dark purple and dark pink 8o that the doll exhibited the appearance aspect of a psychedelically painted face.

This aspect was stably held in the range of temperature of from 140C to 290C; Next, when the face was warmed again by hands, the psychedelic paint was erased from the face so that the face was changed to exhibit the appearance of the ordinarily painted face. Whenever this operation was repeated, the doll exhibited changeability between the psychedelically painted appearance and the ordinarily painted appearance, and it was possible to play with the change repeatedly and many times. It was also possible to make only one of the lips, the cheeks and the eyelids be changed in the manner as mentioned above.

Example 2 On plain light blue cloth made of polyester, a spotted pattern was screen-printed with screen printing inks P', Q and R respectively including quasi-reversible thermochromic colorings P, Q and R which in response to the change of temperature wern reversibly changeable respectively between green and colorless, between red and colorless and between orange and colorless. For all three colorings, the point TA was 80C and the point TB was 3500. Then, the cloth was made into a dress and the dress was put on a doll to provide a color memory doll with a dress exhibiting the two appearances.

The dress of the doll was heated by a hair dryer so that the doll was made to have the aspect of wearing a plain, light blue dress at room temperature of about 2O0C. Next, when the doll was cooled in a refrigerator, the plain dress was changed into the appearance of a green, red and orange spotted pattern.

This appearance was stably held in the range of temperature of from 15 C to 300C.

Next, when the dress was heated again by a hair dryer, the above-mentioned spotted pattern was thereby erased so that the doll was changed into the appearance of wearing the plain, light blue dress. Whenever this operation was repeated, the dress exhibited the duality between the plain appearance and the spotted pattern appearance and it was possible to play with the change repeatedly many times.

Example 3 The surface of a miniature car made of ABS resin was spray-coated with a paint including a quasi-reversible thermochromic color color which was reversibly changeable in response to the change of temperature between red and yellow. The point TA was 1000 and the point TB was 320C. The miniature car was dried producing a color memory miniature car having a body exhibiting a bistable appearance. This miniature car is shown in Figures 1 and 2.

The e body of the miniature car was warmed by hand so that the car was changed to show the aspect of a yellow body (as shown in Figure 1) at room temperature of about 24 C. Next, when the body was cooled by a cold spray, the body turned red. This appearance was stably held in the range Of temperature of. from 1500 to 300C.

Next, when only a roof of the car body was warmed by hands, only the roof turned yellow from red, and the car body exhibited the aspect of a yellow and red two-tone body, shown in Figure 2. Being further warmed, the body turned yellow from the two-tone yellow/red color combination. Whenever this operation was repeated, the car exhibited interchangeability among red, yellow, and the yellow/red two-tone color a and it was possible to play with the change repeatedly many times.

Example 4 With a doll made of polyvinyl chloride resin and having its face with the appearance shown in Figure 3, three paints were painted on portions corresponding to eye centers 3', the rest of the eyes 3 and eyebrows 3" of the doll. These three paints respectively included quasl-reversible thermochromic colors reversibly changeable in response to the change of temperature respectively between green and colorless, between dark brown and colorless and between brown and colorless.

For all three paints, the point TA was lO0C and the point TB was 30 C. Thereby, a color memory doll with its face having two appearances was obtained, as shown separately in Figures 3 and 4. Figure 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing the above-mentioned eye portion, and Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional view showing the above-mentioned eyebrow portion. Figures 5 and 6 show a base material 1 of the face, unchangeable color marks 2 and 2', and quasi-reversible thermochromic color layer. 3, 3' and 3".

When the face of the doll was cooled to a temperature below lO0C, the face exhibited an appearance in which both the eyes were opened-as shown in Figure 4. When a towel soaked with hot water of 300c was prcssed on one of the eyes, the face exhibited another appearance in which only one of the eyes was shut, that is, an appearance of winking. When the towel was pressed on the whole of the face, the face exhibited an appearance in which both the eyes were shut, that is, a sleeping appearance, as shown in Figure 3. The respective aspects were held in the range of ordinary temperature, and the change between the respective aspects could be reproduced repeatedly.

Example 5 On a side surface of a miniature car or truck, a mark I was drawn with a brush by use of multi-color paints which do not change with temperature. Then, a first reversible paint including a quasi-reversible .thermochromic color reversibly changeable between pink and colorless (the point TA was lO0C and the point T3 was 350C) was applied over the whole of the mark I.

Then, a second . reversible paint including a quasi-reversible thermochromic color reversible changeable between dark green and colorless (the point TA was lO0C and the point TB was 350C) was applied to the surface of the first reversible color paint 10 that the portions coated with the two reversible paints partly overlapped on each other to thereby produce the miniature car having a mark which could exhibit two appearances Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional view showing the foregoing mark portion. Figure 7 shows a base material 11 of the miniature car, paints 12 and 12' forming the mark I, and the two reversible paints 13 abd 13'.

When the miniature car was - exposed to a temperature not less than 350C, the mark I was displayed, and the mark I was visually held.even if the temperature was returned into the range of ordinary temperature. Next, when the miniature car was cooled to x temperature not higher than lO0C, another mark II different from the first mark I was displayed, and the mark II was held even if the temperature was returned into the range of ordinary temperature. It was possible to repeat the process many times.

ExgmDle 6 The sixth example imitates an instant photograph.

A colorful design, corresponding to the photograph, was offset-printed with temperature invariant ink on the surface of art paper, and then screen-printing was performed over the whole face of the colorful design with ink including a quasi-reversible thermochromic.

color reversibly changeable between black and colorless. The point TA was 10 C and the point TB was 300C. There was thus produced an imitative instant photograph having a dual appearance was obtained.

Figure 8 is an enlarged sectional view showing the imitative instant photograph. Figure 8 shows a base material i4 of art paper, differently colored inks 15, 15 and 15" forming the design, and a qua reversible thermochromic color layer 16.

When the imitative instant photograph was cooled below 10 C, the whole surface of the imitative instant photograph turned black, and the black was held even if the temperature was returned into the range of ordinary temperature (150C - 280C). When the imitative instant photograph was exposed to a temperature not lower than 3O0C, the black overlying color was erased so that the imitative instant photograph exhibited the underlying colorful design. The colorful design was held in the range of ordinary temperature and it was possible to repeat the change.

Example~7 A toy soldier 20, shown in Figure 9, was spray-painted at its surface portions corresponding to its helmet and uniform with a paint including a quasi-reversible thermochromatic coloring reversibly changeable between dark green and red. It was painted further at its surface portions corresponding to gloves and boots with another paint including a quasi-revcrsible thermochromatic coloring reversible changeable between brown and red. The point TA was 100C and the point TB was 320C for both the colorings.

Thereby, a color memory soldier doll was obtained.

Figures 9 and 10 show the manner how to play with the toy soldier 20. Portions 21 of the chest, a shoulder and a leg of the toy soldier presenting dark green and brown respectively were warmed by breath by use of a gun-shaped breath blowing means (blowpipe) 22, which has a mouthpiece 23 and a projecting pipe 24.

Thereby, the portions 21 turned red as if the toy soldier 20 had been injured (Figure 10). This aspect was held at the room temperature of about 280C.

Next, when the toy soldier 20 was cooled below 100C, the red portions 21 were returned to the original colors, and this appearance was also held at room temperature. It was possible to repeatedly play with the change.

According to the present invention, as described above with respect to the.examples, it is possible to change the aspect of a part or all of the surface of a toy by use of a heating source or a cooling source commonly available. It is also possible to hold a desired appearance in the range of ordinary temperature. Moreover, if each of the respective parts such as a face, hair, finger-nails (manicure), a dress an accessory, shoes, a hat, etc., of a doll is given a selective dual appearance, a single toy can be used which can exhibit a variety of appearances without exchanging those parts. The present invention can provide a variety of ways of playing with a single toy and can give a high additional value.

Claims

1. A toy having a thermochromic coloring material applied to a surface, which material changes from a first colored state to a second colored state at a first temperature, maintains a present one of the colored states within a temperature range between the first temperature and a second temperature and changes from the second colored state to the first colored state at the second temperature.

2. A toy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature range is from about 1OOC to about 35 0C.

3. A toy as claimed in claim 2, wherein both of the first and second temperatures are obtainable in human environment.

4. A toy as claimed in claim 3, wherein the second temperature is within a range of from about 0OC to about 150C and the first temperature is within a range of from about 270C to about 90 C.

5. A toy as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the toy has a 3-dimensional outer surface and the coloring material is applied to only a portion thereof.

6. A toy as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the first and second colored states manifest different visible colors.

7. A toy as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein one of the first and second colored states manifest a visible color and the other of the first and second colored states is substantially colorless.

8. A toy as claimed in any one of the preceding claims further comprising a temperature invariant colored material applied between the thermochromic coloring material and the toy body.

9. A toy as claimed in claim 8, wherein the temperature invariant colored material is visibly patterned.

10. A toy as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 9 further comprising a breath blowing means separate from the toy, the breath blowing means comprising a shaped body, a mouthpiece on an outside of the shaped body, and a pipe portion connected to the mouthpiece on a first side of the shaped body, passing through the shaped body to a second side thereof and having an open end projecting from the second side.

11. A toy substantially as described herein with reference to any one or more of figures 1 to 11.

12. A color memory toy, comprising a toy body having an outer surface; and a quasi-reversible thermochromic coloring material applied to said surface and having a temperature hysteresis characteristic for changing between a first and second colored state, wherein said material changes from said first colored state to said second state completely at a upper temperature above a first temperature when said material is heated, maintains a present one of said first and second colored states within a two-color holding temperature range between said first temperature and a second temperature, and changes from said second state to said first colored state completely at a lower temperature below said second temperature when said material is cooled, wherein said two-color holding temperature range is within a range of ordinary temperature.