JP3065505B2 - Insulated ventilation structure for houses - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an adiabatic ventilation structure for saving energy required for cooling and heating a house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, a floor (1) of a house has a base supported on a cloth foundation (2).
Floor material (6) is stretched over joists (3) and (3) via joists (5) .Insulating materials such as glass fiber, rock wool, and expanded styrene plate are placed between the joists (5). (7A) and insert the house
In (8), an inner wall material (10) is installed inside the skeleton column (9), and the insulation material (7A) used for the floor (1) is interposed between the skeleton column (9). A similar heat insulating material (7B) is inserted, and furthermore, as for the roof part (11), as shown in FIG. Field
A structure in which a heat insulating material (7C) similar to the heat insulating material (7A) used for the floor (1) is inserted between (13).

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional structure, the humidity in the room permeates through the joint of the floor material (6) and the inner wall material (10) or through the floor material (6) and the inner wall material (10) itself. Insulation
(7A, 7B) and dew and accumulate inside the heat insulating material (7A, 7B), deteriorating the heat insulating property of the heat insulating material (7A, 7B) and reducing the heat insulating material (7A, 7B) or the like. There is a problem that the floor material (6), the inner wall material (10) and the like are corroded, and if there is a small roof, the heat insulation of the second floor is insufficient. Furthermore, in summer, there is a problem that the heat insulating material (7A, 7B) stores heat and the indoor cooling effect of the cooler is reduced.

[0004]

According to the present invention, as a means for solving the above-mentioned conventional problems, a floor (21) of a house (20) has a base (23) under the floor, a pulling machine (24), and Delivering the heat insulating material (27) so that it can float upward between the large pull (24) and the large pull (24),
The flooring (2) is placed on the base (23) and the pulling bar (24) via joists (25).
6) stretched to the floor void S ₁ is provided between the heat insulating material (27) the bed material (26), in the outer wall (31) outside the insulation precursor pillars (32) ( 37) stretched, and the outer wall void S ₂ provided stretched an inner wall member (33) on the inside between the heat insulating material and (37) inner wall member (33), the roof (41) Is the eaves girder (43) that supports the rafters (46)
And the main house (44), the main house (44) and the main house (44), and the heat insulating material (47) between the main house (44) and the purlin (45), and the heat insulating material (47) and the ceiling material (53 ) and forming the attic space S ₃ enclosed outer wall insulation (31) and (37) by the outer wall portion in the attic space S ₃ (31) in the damper (65) with vents (54 )
Floor material at the boundary between each room R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ in the house (20)
(26,55) and ceiling material (53, 59) and provided boundary gap S _4, S ₅ on the inner wall (61) inside,該土stand damper cloth foundation (22) supporting the (23) (64) attached under the floor vent (30) provided, forms a vent path S communicates the floor clearance space S ₁ and the outer wall portion gap S ₂ and the boundary gaps S _4, S ₅ and attic space S _3, The dampers (65, 64) of the attic ventilation port (54) and the underfloor ventilation port (30) are automatically opened and closed according to the temperature, and the dampers (65, 64) of the attic ventilation port (54) and the underfloor ventilation port (30) are opened. When opened, the heat insulating material (27) of the floor (21) slightly floats to provide a heat insulating ventilation structure of the house (20) in which the air under the floor flows into the ventilation path S. The heat insulating material (27, 37, 47) is preferably a foamed plastic plate having a small water absorption, and the foamed plastic plate desirably has a specific gravity of 30 kg / m ³ or less for easy floating. Further, in order to actively ventilate the ventilation passage S, fans (66, 67) operated by temperature are attached to the attic ventilation port (54) and the underfloor ventilation port (30), and the heat insulating material of the floor section (21) is provided. (2
7) It is desirable that a part or all of them be forcibly levitated at a set temperature.

[0005]

[Action] In winter, the dampers (64, 65) of the underfloor ventilation port (30) and the attic ventilation port (54) are closed. Outside air intake to the air passage S formed by the floor void S ₁ and the outer wall portion gap S ₂ and the boundary gaps S _4, S ₅ and attic space S ₃ in this state is blocked, each room of the house (20) If there is a difference between the internal temperatures of R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , the air layer in the ventilation passage S circulates due to the influence, and the internal temperature of each room R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ . The difference becomes smaller, and the difference between the air layer temperature in the air passage S and the internal temperature of each room R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ also becomes smaller, and each room R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R The penetration of the moisture in ₄ into the ventilation path S is also reduced. Even if there is some moisture in the air passage S, the air layer in the air passage S circulates and flows as described above, so that no dew condensation occurs. Each room is doubly insulated by the air layer in the ventilation path S in addition to the heat insulating materials (27, 37, 47). In summer, dampers (64, 6) for underfloor ventilation (30) and attic ventilation (54)
5) Open. In this state, an ascending air flow is generated in the ventilation path S, and as a result, the heat insulating material (27) of the floor (21) is sucked and floats, and the outside air floats from the underfloor ventilation port (30). 27) through the gap S ₆ of flows into air passage S and is discharged from the attic vent (54), the ventilation in the ventilation paths is performed by the chimney effect. Insulation (27,37,4)
7) is prevented, the high-temperature air around each of the rooms R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ is ventilated, and the heat radiation inside the room proceeds smoothly, and the moisture inside the room enters the ventilation path S. Even thermal insulation (27,37,47)
It is excluded to the outside by the ventilation without being absorbed into the air. Further, the interior of the room is insulated by the air layer in the ventilation path S in addition to the heat insulating materials (27, 37, 47), and the hot air from the outside is shut off.

[0006]

EXAMPLES The present invention if an exemplary embodiment described shown in FIGS. 1 to 12, rooms R _1, R ₂ is located in the first floor of the house (20) shown in FIG. 1, the second floor part Rooms R ₃ and R ₄ are arranged, and the floor (21) of the house (20) has a base (23) supported on a cloth foundation (22) as shown in FIG. 24),
The base (23) and the floor (24) are stretched through a joist (25) to the floor (26). A heat insulating material (27) is provided between the parentheses. The heat insulating material (27) is made of a foamed plastic plate such as a foamed polystyrene plate, a foamed polyethylene plate, a foamed polypropylene plate, a polystyrene-polyethylene foam plate, a polystyrene-polypropylene foam plate, and has a normal thickness of 25 to 14 mm.
0mm, length 600-4000mm, width is base (23)
Width between 4) and between pulling (14) (usually 600-1000mm)
It is desirable that the plate is lightweight and has a specific gravity of 30 kg / m ³ or less. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, a taper cut is made along both side edges to divide into a main body (27A) and both side edges (27B). That on the width W ₁ of the both side edges (27B) as shown in FIG. 4 is usually 1～40Mm, the lower width W ₂ Normal 20-100
mm and the cross section of the main body (27A) is inverted trapezoidal. The main body (27A) and the edges (27B) on both sides are adhered to an adhesive tape (28).
It is integrated at the site and brought into the site, where the adhesive tape (28)
Peel off the main body (27A) and the edges (27B) on both sides,
As shown in FIG. 5, the edges (27B) on both sides are
3) and fix it to the pulling pulley (24), and put the main body (27A) on it. In this way, the insulation (27) is attached to the body (27A) and the edge (2
7B), the dimensional error between the base (23) and the large pull (24) and between the large pull (24) can be absorbed, and the heat insulating material (27) can be stretched under the floor without gaps. And in floor (21) floor void S ₁ is formed between the flooring (26) insulation material (27). Floor clearance space S ₁ is set to more than the normal 40 mm. In addition, the underfloor ventilation openings are provided at the outer cloth foundation (22) at intervals of 4 to 5 m.
(30) is provided.

[0007] Reference numeral (31) denotes an outer wall of the house (20). As shown in FIG. 2, the eaves girder (43) of the roof (41) is located on the outer side of the frame (32) from below the base (23). Insulation material (37) is stretched all over until),
An inner wall material (33) is stretched inside, and thus the heat insulating material (37)
Outer wall clearance space S ₂ is provided between the inner wall member (33). Outer wall void S ₂ is set in the same manner than usual 40mm and floor (21). A mortar or an outer wall material (34) is stretched outside the heat insulating material (37). The heat insulating material (37) is a foamed plastic plate similar to the heat insulating material (27) of the floor (21).

As shown in FIG. 6, a roof part (41) of the house (20) has a base plate (42) supported by an eaves girder (43), a main house (44), and a purlin (45). 46) Stretched above, eave girder (43)
Between the main house (44), between the main house (44), and between the main house (44) and the purlin (45)
A heat insulating material (47) is interposed between them, and a roofing material (48) such as a tile is laid on the base plate (42). The heat insulating material (47) is a foamed plastic plate similar to the heat insulating material (27) of the floor portion (21), and has a parallelogram cross section, and as shown in FIG. And purlin (44), purlin (44) and purlin (44), purlin
(44) and the lower eaves girder (43) of the purlin (45) or the vertical side of the purlin (44), fasten the mounting bracket (49) with a U-shaped cross section with nails (49A) or screws, etc. Only the lower side is supported by the mounting bracket (49). The heat insulating material (47) is usually 30 to 120 mm in thickness, 900 to 2000 mm in length, and the width is the space between the eaves girder (43) and the purlin (44), the space between the purlin (44), and the purlin (44) and the purlin It is set equal to the interval between (45). At the bottom of the roof part (41), a field supported by a hut beam (50) and a suspension tree (51) is provided.
A ceiling material (53) on the second floor is stretched via (52).
The roof portion (41), outer wall (31), in an attic space S ₃ which is partitioned ceiling material (53) by the outer wall (31) vent (54) is provided.

At the boundary between the first floor and the second floor,
As shown in FIG. 8, the floor material (55) of the second floor portion is supported via a joist (58) on a floor beam (57) provided to the waist (56), while the floor material (55) of the first floor portion is provided. The ceiling material (59) is suspended from the floor beam (57)
0) is supported by the boundary gap S ₄ is formed between the flooring second floor portion (55) first floor ceiling material with (59). The rooms R ₁ and R ₂ and the rooms R ₃ and R ₄ are partitioned by an inner wall portion (61) on the _first and _second floor portions, and the inner wall portion (61) is, as shown in FIG. )
When made from該躯body pillar (62) inner wall material is stretched on either side of the (63), the boundary gap S ₅ is formed between both sides of the inner wall member (63).

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, dampers (64, 65) are attached to the underfloor ventilation port (30) and the attic ventilation port (54), respectively, and fans (66, 67) are arranged. The dampers (64, 65) of the ventilation openings (30, 54) are urged in the closing direction by ordinary springs (68, 69) made of ordinary steel, and the dampers (64, 65) are made of a shape memory alloy. It is urged in the opening direction by a temperature-sensing spring (70, 71) consisting of: The elasticity of the temperature-sensitive springs (70, 71) becomes larger than the elasticity of the normal springs (68, 69) when the ambient temperature exceeds 15 ° C., and the dampers (64, 65) are opened. The warm springs (70, 71) lose their elasticity so that the dampers (64, 65) are normally closed by the springs (68, 69). In this case, a temperature sensor is also incorporated in the motor circuit of the fan (66, 67), and the fan (66, 67) is set to be driven at, for example, 25 ° C. or higher.

In this way, the underfloor ventilation port (30) is arranged at the lower part of the house (20), and the attic ventilation port (54) is arranged at the upper part, and the floor space S ₁ and the outer wall space S ₂ communicating with each other are provided. Boundary gaps S ₄ , S ₅
And it consists of an attic space S ₃ ventilation path S (S ₁ + S ₂ +
(S ₃ + S ₄ + S ₅ = S) is formed.

In winter, for example, when the outside air temperature is lower than 15 ° C., for example, the temperature-sensitive springs (70, 71) of the damper (64, 65) lose elasticity, and the underfloor ventilation port (30) and the attic ventilation port (54) are not connected. Acts in the direction of closing by the dampers (64, 65), and becomes completely closed below 5 ° C. In this case, no outside air enters or exits the ventilation path S, and the rooms R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ,
Due to the temperature difference of the air layer in the air passage S caused by the temperature difference in R ₄ , the air flows through the air passage S as shown by the arrow in FIG.
As a result, the temperature of the air layer in the air passage S is substantially uniform, and the temperature difference between the rooms R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ is reduced, and The penetration of moisture from the inside of R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ into the ventilation path S is also reduced. And even if a little moisture exists in the air passage S, it is diffused by the flow of the air layer in the air passage S as described above, and no dew condensation occurs. Each room R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ is made of a heat insulating material (27, 3
7, 47), the temperature is also maintained by the air layer in the ventilation path S, the heating efficiency of each room is greatly improved, and the required heating can be performed with a small amount of heating.

When the outside air temperature is, for example, 15 ° C. or more and 25 ° C. or less, the elasticity of the temperature-sensitive springs (70, 71) of the damper (64, 65) becomes larger than that of the normal springs (68, 69), and the underfloor vent (3)
The dampers (64, 65) at 0) and the attic ventilation opening (54) are left open. In this case, outside air flows into and out of the ventilation path S from the attic ventilation port (54), and the air layer in the ventilation path S is ventilated. The updraft is generated by the chimney effect in the air layer of the outer wall void S ₂ and the boundary gaps S ₅ due to the influence of high pressure and wind. If covered with high pressure sunny,該家Ya (20) in the updraft of voids S _2, S ₅ becomes stronger, the air flow rate flowing through the air passage S becomes 40～60Cm / sec, such an air flow rate Thus, for example, when the specific gravity of the heat insulating material (27) of the floor portion (21) is 27 kg / m ³ and the weight of a 40 mm thickness is 1.08 kg / m ³ , as shown in dotted lines in FIGS. The main body (27A) of 27) floats enough to allow air to pass through. In this state, as described above, the dampers (64, 65) of the ventilation openings (30, 54) are in an open state, the outside air flows in from the underfloor ventilation openings (30), and the heat insulating material ( is discharged from the street attic vent (54) through the air passage S voids S ₆ formed at a flow rate of 60cm / sec between the body of 27) (27A) both side edges and (27B) . Due to the flow of the air layer in the ventilation passage S as described above, the outer wall (3
In addition to preventing dew condensation in the inner wall (61) and the inner wall (61), each room R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ is provided with a heat insulating material (27, 37, 47) and an air passage S in the air passage S. Highly insulated by air layer.

In summer, for example, when the outside air temperature exceeds 25 ° C., the dampers (6) of the underfloor ventilation port (30) and the attic ventilation port (54) are provided.
4,65) remain open and the fans (66,67) of the underfloor ventilation (30) and / or attic ventilation (54) are activated. In this state, the flow velocity of the rising airflow in the ventilation path S is further increased, and as a result, the main body of the heat insulating material (27) on the floor (21)
(27A) is forcibly sucked and rises further, and the body (2
7A) and the edge portion further spread the gap S ₆ is between (27B), the flow rate of air flowing through the air passage S is further a few times.

Therefore, the heat insulating material (27, 37, 47), the outer wall portion (31), the inner wall portion (61), and the floor material (2
6, 55), the interior of each room R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ is radiated through the ceiling material (53) to prevent heat from being accumulated in the room, and each room R ₁ , R ₂ , The temperatures of R ₃ and R ₄ are also made uniform, thereby greatly improving the cooling efficiency of each room.

In addition to the above embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The insulation (27) of (21) may be placed on a bracket (27C) attached to the base (23) or the spar (24) and the dampers (64, 64) of the ventilation openings (30, 54). 65) may be manually opened and closed, and the fans (66, 67) are not required. Further, as shown in FIG.
The body (27A) of (27) is connected to a spring (7
Hanging in 2), temperature above transformation temperature (for example, above 18 ° C)
The body (27A) of the heat insulating material (27) may be forced to float in a dotted line state by the elasticity of the spring (72) being increased and contracting.

[0017]

Therefore, in the present invention, since the outer periphery of the house is double-blocked by the heat insulating material and the air layer of the ventilation passage, the cooling and heating efficiency is extremely improved, and the flow of the air in the ventilation passage makes the air humid. Is also diffused and condensation hardly occurs, and the energy required for cooling and heating is greatly reduced.
In addition, the durability of the house is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

 1 to 12 show an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a house (with a damper closed).

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a floor portion and an outer wall portion.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a heat insulating material.

FIG. 4 is a side view of an end portion of a heat insulating material.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a state in which a heat insulating material is attached to a floor.

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of a roof.

FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of a heat insulating material of a roof portion.

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a boundary between a first floor portion and a second floor portion.

FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of an inner wall portion.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory sectional view of a vent.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory front view of a vent.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a house (with a damper open).

FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a state where a floor insulating material is attached according to another embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a state where a floor heat insulating material is mounted according to still another embodiment.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of a conventional floor and wall structure.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory view of a conventional ceiling structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

20 House 21 Floor 22 Cloth foundation 23 Base 24 Ohiki 25 Joist 26,55 Floor material 27,37,47 Insulation material 30 Underfloor ventilation (ventilation) 31 Exterior wall 32 Building column 33 Interior wall 41 Roof 43 girder 44 Main building 45 Ridge 46 Rafters 53,59 Ceiling 54 Attic ventilation (ventilation) 61 Inner wall 64,65 Damper 66,67 Fan 68,69 Normal spring 70,71 Temperature-sensitive spring S Ventilation S ₁ Floor space ( gap) S ₂ outer wall void (gap) S ₃ attic space (gap) S _4, S ₅ boundary gap (gap) S ₆ insulation gap (air _{gap) R 1, R 2, R} 3, R 4 room

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-2-108744 (JP, A) JP-A-7-268977 (JP, A) JP-A-62-172138 (JP, A) 73844 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model 1-138092 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Sho 59-12351 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Utility Model 60-30942 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. ⁷ , DB name) E04B 1/70 E04B 1/76

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. On the floor of a house:
And a heat insulating material is delivered between the pulling and the pulling up so as to be able to levitate upward, and a floor material is stretched through a joist on the base and the pulling up, and the heat insulating material and the flooring material are connected to each other. A floor space is provided therebetween, and in the outer wall portion, a heat insulating material is stretched outside the skeleton pillar, and an inner wall material is stretched inside to provide an outer wall space between the heat insulating material and the inner wall material, On the roof, an attic surrounded by the eaves girder and purlin supporting the rafters, the purlin and purlin, and the insulation between the purlin and the purlin, and surrounded by the heat insulating material, the ceiling material, and the heat insulating material of the outer wall part. Forming a space, providing a ventilation opening with a damper on the outer wall in the attic space, and providing a boundary gap between the floor and ceiling materials and the inner wall at the boundary between each room in the house,
An underfloor ventilation port with a damper is provided in the cloth foundation supporting the base, and the floor space, the outer wall space, the boundary space, and the attic space communicate with each other to form a ventilation path, and the attic ventilation port is provided. The damper at the underfloor vent opens and closes automatically depending on the temperature,
When the dampers of the attic ventilation opening and the underfloor ventilation opening are opened, the heat insulating material on the floor slightly rises, and the air under the floor flows into the ventilation path. 2. The heat insulating and ventilating structure of a house according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating material is a foamed plastic plate, and the specific gravity of the foamed plastic plate is 30 kg / m ³ or less. 3. The insulated ventilation structure for a house according to claim 1, wherein a fan is attached to the attic ventilation port, and the fan operates according to temperature. 4. The heat-insulating ventilation structure for a house according to claim 1, wherein said heat-insulating material is raised by temperature.