NO133412B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO133412B NO133412B NO3813/71A NO381371A NO133412B NO 133412 B NO133412 B NO 133412B NO 3813/71 A NO3813/71 A NO 3813/71A NO 381371 A NO381371 A NO 381371A NO 133412 B NO133412 B NO 133412B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- floss
- protrusions
- carrier layer
- thread
- openings
- Prior art date
Links
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D25/00—Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B23/00—Flat warp knitting machines
- D04B23/08—Flat warp knitting machines with provision for incorporating pile threads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
- F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
- F42C1/04—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact
- F42C1/06—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact for any direction of impact
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
- F42C1/10—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact without firing-pin
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/28—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids
- F42C15/31—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids generated by the combustion of a pyrotechnic or explosive charge within the fuze
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Carpets (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en vanngjennomslippbar, kunstig plen, særlig for- sportsplasser, med et til en. underbyg-ning festet tekstilbærerlag som har åpninger, en floss som danner gressmatten og en underside med beskiktede fremspring. The present invention relates to a water-permeable, artificial lawn, especially for sports pitches, with one to one. substructure attached textile carrier layer which has openings, a floss which forms the grass mat and an underside with coated projections.
Fra US patent 2.434-709 er kjent et tekstil-gulvbelegg som tilsvarer artskjennetegnene for den ovenfor nevnte kunstige plen. Ved de forutsatt kjente kunstige plener er bare fremspringene be-lagt med en såkalt baksidebelegningsmasse (fig. 1 i US patent 2.434-709). Fremspringene som befinner seg på undersiden av tekst ilbærerlaget , dannes bare av selve tekstilbærerlaget uten med-virkning av flossen. Flossen i bærerlaget holdes derfor ved bak-sidebelegningsmassen. Åpningene i tekstilbærerlaget er dessuten temmelig små slik at vanngjennomslippbarheten er bare tilstede i liten grad. Nettopp ved en på en sportsplass anbrakt kunstig plen blir imidlertid flossen som danner gressmatten, sterkt på-kjent slik at der må stilles høye krav til dens befestigelse i bærerlaget. Dessuten må vann som forekommer på oversiden av belegget, hurtig kunne passere gjennom belegget. Den.som kjent forutsatte kunstige plen oppfyller således . ikke de krav som må stilles til en kunstig plen, særlig på sportsplasser, med hensyn til holdbarhet og vanngjennomslippbarhet. From US patent 2,434-709, a textile floor covering is known which corresponds to the species characteristics of the above-mentioned artificial lawn. In the assumed known artificial lawns, only the protrusions are coated with a so-called backside coating compound (fig. 1 in US patent 2,434-709). The protrusions that are located on the underside of the textile carrier layer are only formed by the textile carrier layer itself without the involvement of the floss. The fluff in the carrier layer is therefore held by the back-side coating mass. The openings in the textile carrier layer are also rather small, so that water permeability is only present to a small extent. Precisely when an artificial lawn is placed on a sports field, however, the fluff that forms the grass mat becomes strongly attached, so that high demands must be made for its attachment to the support layer. In addition, water that occurs on the upper side of the coating must be able to quickly pass through the coating. The. as known provided artificial lawn thus fulfills . not the requirements that must be placed on an artificial lawn, especially on sports pitches, with regard to durability and water permeability.
Den oppgave som ligger til grunn for foreliggende oppfinnelse, er å forbedre den kunstige plen med hensyn til vanngjennomslippbarhet og forankringen av flossen i tekstilunderlaget'. The task underlying the present invention is to improve the artificial lawn with regard to water permeability and the anchoring of the fluff in the textile substrate.
Denne oppgave løses ifølge oppfinnelsen ved at åpningene med hensyn til størrelse gir god vanngjennomslippbarhet og at fremspringene er dannet ved innbinding av flossen og at beskiktningen av fremspringene dessuten er utformet som forsterkning av for- . bindelsene av flossen med tekstilbærerlaget. Ved en slik kunstig: plen fåes en god vanngjennomslippbarhet og samtidig en. god. fast.-, holdelse av flossen. This task is solved according to the invention by the fact that the openings with regard to size provide good water permeability and that the protrusions are formed by binding the floss and that the coating of the protrusions is also designed as reinforcement of the the bonds of the floss with the textile carrier layer. With such an artificial lawn, a good water permeability is obtained and at the same time a good. fast.-, keeping the floss.
Ved en foret rukken utførelsesform av den kunstige plen ifølge oppfinnelsen har tekstilbærerlaget to trådsystemer som binder inn flossen-, og for å danne åpningene er det ene trådsystem av vesentlig tynnere tråder enn det annet trådsystem og flossen. På denne måte kan flossen med en forholdsvis enkel bind-ing bindes fast i tekstilbærermaterialet selv om det sistnevnte har forholdsmessig store- åpninger. Dette prinsipp lar seg også. anvende på alle vesentlig på tale kommende typer av tekstilbærerlag, f.eks. også på en vevnad. Ved anvendelsen av tråder av for-skjellig tykkelse lar det seg også enklest oppnå at der på undersiden av tekstilbærerlaget dannes utpregede fremspring på de steder på hvilke flossen er innbundet, da denne jo også dannes av en forholdsvis tykk tråd. Særlig fordelaktig er det når den kunstige plen ifølge oppfinnelsen består av en raschelvare da den da kan fremstilles meget billig: på en raschelmaskin kan der nemlig samtidig fremstilles to varebaner som er forbundet med hverandre ved flossen, slik at det bare er nødvendig efterpå å dele den felles floss på midten mellom de to varebaner. Særlige skritt for å innbinde flossen, som dette f.eks. ville være nød-vendig ved en ruet vare, er ikke nødvendig. Dessuten har en raschelvare på sin underside en utpreget ribbestruktur, som opp-står ved innbindingen av flossen i det av varp og veft av raschelvaren bestående bærerlag. In a lined, ruffled embodiment of the artificial lawn according to the invention, the textile carrier layer has two thread systems that bind the floss, and to form the openings, one thread system is made of significantly thinner threads than the other thread system and the floss. In this way, the floss can be tied firmly in the textile carrier material with a relatively simple binding, even if the latter has relatively large openings. This principle is also possible. apply to all relevant types of textile support layers, e.g. also on a weaving. When using threads of different thicknesses, it is also easiest to achieve that distinct protrusions are formed on the underside of the textile carrier layer in the places where the floss is bound, as this is also formed by a relatively thick thread. It is particularly advantageous when the artificial lawn according to the invention consists of a raschel product, as it can then be produced very cheaply: on a raschel machine, two product webs can be produced at the same time which are connected to each other by the floss, so that it is only necessary to divide it afterwards joint floss in the middle between the two goods lanes. Special steps for tying in the floss, such as this e.g. would be necessary in the case of a roughed item, is not necessary. In addition, a raschel product has a distinct ribbed structure on its underside, which arises from the binding of the floss in the support layer consisting of warp and weft of the raschel product.
Herved er det da ifølge en videreutformning av oppfinnelsen . særlig fordelaktig for varpen av raschelvaren å anvende en tynnere tråd enn for veften og flossen, for på undersiden av raschelvaren å frembringe særlig høye ribber. This is then according to a further development of the invention. it is particularly advantageous for the warp of the raschel product to use a thinner thread than for the weft and the floss, in order to produce particularly high ribs on the underside of the raschel product.
Trekk ved videre utformninger av den kunstige plen ifølge oppfinnelsen er angitt i de øvrige underkrav. På tegningen er vist utførelseseksempler av innbindingen. Features of further designs of the artificial lawn according to the invention are indicated in the other subclaims. The drawing shows design examples of the binding.
Fig. 1 viser et perspektivriss av et plenstykke ifølge oppfinnelsen sett ovenfra, Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a piece of lawn according to the invention seen from above,
fig. 2 viser et perspekt ivriss av et plenstykke ifølge oppfinnelsen .sett nedenfra, og fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a piece of lawn according to the invention, seen from below, and
fig. 3 pg 4 viser detaljfremstillinger for å belyse tekstil-bindingen i bærerlaget såvel som mellom dette og flossen ved den kunstige plen. fig. 3 pg 4 shows detailed renderings to illuminate the textile bonding in the carrier layer as well as between this and the fluff on the artificial lawn.
Før der gåes nærmere inn- på perspektivrissene av ét plenstykke i fig. 1 og 2, skal først enkelthetene av tekstiloppbyg-nin<g>en a.v plenen forklares under henvisning til fig. 3 og 4-Fig. 3" viser i perspektiv et sterkt forstørret utsnitt av en raschelvare, som den kan fåes. med en tobanet f lat strikkemaskin. Before we go into more detail about the perspective drawings of one piece of lawn in fig. 1 and 2, the details of the textile structure of the lawn must first be explained with reference to fig. 3 and 4-Fig. 3" shows in perspective a greatly enlarged section of a raschel product, as it can be obtained. with a two-benet flat knitting machine.
I en slik maskin-fremst il les altså to- lag av plenen samtidig, idet i fig. 3 tekst i lbærer lagene er betegnet med l6 og 16* mens de to lag er forbundet med hverandre ved en-felles forbindende floss 18. Trådene som danner flossen, hvor det dreier seg om kraftige plast-bånd, er fremhevet ved prikking. Skudd hhv. veft 2$ og 28' av raschelvaren skal, i motsetning til det som er vist på fig. 3. være vesentlig tykkere enn varpen 30 og 30' av bærerlaget 16 og 16', for, sammen med den likeledes, tykkere floss, å fremkalle den i fig. 2 viste ribbestruktur på undersiden av bærerlaget 16. ;Efter strikkingen blir flossen 18 skåret over mellom bærer-lagene 16 og 16<*> slik at man får to adskilte baner av plenen. En slik bane er vist i horisontalriss i fig. 4) hvor imidlertid flossen for å forenkle fremstillingen er vist i form av en løkke, idet denne løkke likesom i fig. 1 og 2 tydelig lar flossens bånd-form komme frem. Dessuten viser fig. 4 at anvendelsen av en tykkere veft 28 og en tykkere floss 18 sammen med en tynnere varp 30 gir forholdsmessig store åpninger 32 i bærerlaget 16 slik at der på dens underside fåes utpregede staver 33- Raschelvaren har også allerede fra naturens side ved egnet valg av trådtykk-elser en utpreget leddet overflatestruktur. Bestrykningen av baksiden av bærerlaget 16 av den på denne måte fremstilte kunstige plen, særlig med mykpolyvinylklorid, skjer nu, som det fremgår klart av fig. 2, på den måte at der påsees at i det vesentlige bare stavene 33 og eventuelt også skudd eller veft 28 belegges på baksiden, slik at der fåes et gitteraktig bærerlag med ubelagte åpninger 32. De av de belagte staver 33 dannede fremspring 34 oppviser i fig. 2 formen av ribber, mens de eventuelt belagte skudd som i de øvrige figurer, er betegnet med 28 - In such a machine production, two layers of the lawn are read at the same time, as in fig. 3 text in lcarries the layers are denoted by l6 and 16*, while the two layers are connected to each other by a common connecting thread 18. The threads that form the thread, which are strong plastic bands, are highlighted by dotting. Shot or weft 2$ and 28' of the raschel product should, in contrast to what is shown in fig. 3. be significantly thicker than the warp 30 and 30' of the carrier layer 16 and 16', in order, together with the likewise thicker floss, to produce the one in fig. 2 showed rib structure on the underside of the carrier layer 16. After knitting, the floss 18 is cut between the carrier layers 16 and 16<*> so that two separate paths of the lawn are obtained. Such a path is shown in horizontal view in fig. 4) where, however, in order to simplify the production, the floss is shown in the form of a loop, as this loop, like in fig. 1 and 2 clearly show the band shape of the floss. Furthermore, fig. 4 that the use of a thicker weft 28 and a thicker floss 18 together with a thinner warp 30 gives proportionally large openings 32 in the carrier layer 16 so that on its underside there are distinct rods 33 - The Raschel product also already has from nature's side by suitable choice of thread thickness -else a distinctly jointed surface structure. The coating of the back of the carrier layer 16 of the artificial lawn produced in this way, in particular with soft polyvinyl chloride, now takes place, as is clear from fig. 2, in such a way that it is ensured that essentially only the rods 33 and possibly also weft or weft 28 are coated on the back, so that a lattice-like carrier layer with uncoated openings 32 is obtained. The projections 34 formed by the coated rods 33 show in fig . 2 the shape of ribs, while the possibly coated shoots as in the other figures, are denoted by 28 -
Ved å betrakte den i fig. 2 viste bakside av plenen ifølge oppfinnelsen ser man at mellom fremspringene 34 som forløper i det vesentlige parallelt med hverandre', er der tilstede kanaler hvis tverrsnitt i visse avstander f rar hverandre er innsnevret av; skuddene 28. uten at., imidlertid kanalenes evne til å føre bort vann derved forringes særlig. Man ser videre at vannet som trenger inn fra overflatene av flossen, praktisk talt uhindret kan trenge gjennom åpningene 32 i grunnbæreren. Herved oppnåes at vannet ved en kunstig plen ifølge oppfinnelsen ikke bare når undersiden av grunnbæreren, men også kan ledes bort derfra, ved de på denne måte dannede kanaler selv når bæreren ligger på et vannugjennomslipp-bart lag, så lenge dette båre er lagt med en tilstrekkelig hel-ning. By considering it in fig. 2 shows the back side of the lawn according to the invention, it can be seen that between the protrusions 34 which run essentially parallel to each other, channels are present whose cross-sections are narrowed at certain distances from each other; the shots 28. without at., however, the ability of the channels to carry water away is thereby particularly impaired. It is further seen that the water which penetrates from the surfaces of the floss can penetrate through the openings 32 in the base carrier practically unimpeded. In this way, it is achieved that the water in an artificial lawn according to the invention not only reaches the underside of the ground support, but can also be led away from there, by the channels formed in this way, even when the support lies on a water-permeable layer, as long as this stretcher is laid with a sufficient slope.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2051108A DE2051108C3 (en) | 1970-10-17 | 1970-10-17 | Water-permeable, artificial turf, in particular for sports fields |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO133412B true NO133412B (en) | 1976-01-19 |
NO133412C NO133412C (en) | 1976-04-28 |
Family
ID=5785454
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO3813/71A NO133412C (en) | 1970-10-17 | 1971-10-15 |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5145894B1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT327062B (en) |
BE (1) | BE773722A (en) |
CH (1) | CH534759A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2051108C3 (en) |
DK (2) | DK142036C (en) |
ES (1) | ES396065A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2111679B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1320868A (en) |
IT (1) | IT939103B (en) |
MY (1) | MY8700842A (en) |
NL (1) | NL167486C (en) |
NO (1) | NO133412C (en) |
SE (1) | SE373503B (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2935387C2 (en) * | 1979-09-01 | 1985-11-21 | J.F. Adolff Ag, 7150 Backnang | Tufted flooring |
DE3116231A1 (en) * | 1981-04-23 | 1982-11-11 | J.F. Adolff Ag, 7150 Backnang | FLOORING FOR FREE AREAS |
FR2510633A3 (en) * | 1981-07-28 | 1983-02-04 | Sirs Soc Int Revetements Sol | PERMEABLE FLOOR COVERING, IMITATING THE GRASS, PROVIDED WITH A DRAINING BACK |
DE3241691C2 (en) * | 1982-11-11 | 1987-04-23 | Broermann, geb. Muckermann, Rita, 4783 Anröchte | Fixing and drainage device for the artificial turf of a playing field |
DE3313329A1 (en) * | 1983-04-13 | 1984-10-18 | Balsam Sportstättenbau GmbH & Co. KG, 4803 Steinhagen | Ground covering for outdoor sports facilities |
DE3525441A1 (en) * | 1985-07-17 | 1987-01-29 | Adolff J F Ag | Ground-covering sheet |
DE3729267A1 (en) * | 1987-01-29 | 1988-08-11 | Adolff J F Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SPORTS PLACE PLASTIC GRASS TRACK |
WO1989001076A1 (en) * | 1987-07-23 | 1989-02-09 | Noel Peter John Mogford | Turf surfaces |
DE4039160C2 (en) * | 1990-12-07 | 1994-09-29 | Ahlmann Aco Severin | Method for anchoring an artificial turf and kit for producing a device for carrying out the method |
NL1004656C2 (en) | 1996-11-29 | 1998-07-02 | Hugo De Vries | Combination lawn. |
US6491991B2 (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2002-12-10 | Southwest Recreational Industries, Inc. | Artificial turf system |
US6858272B2 (en) | 2001-03-14 | 2005-02-22 | Troy Squires | Horizontally draining, pre-engineered synthetic turf field |
EP1457600A1 (en) * | 2003-03-05 | 2004-09-15 | Domo Cabrita | Synthetic turf |
-
1970
- 1970-10-17 DE DE2051108A patent/DE2051108C3/en not_active Expired
-
1971
- 1971-09-20 SE SE7111872A patent/SE373503B/en unknown
- 1971-10-07 AT AT867671A patent/AT327062B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-10-08 BE BE773722A patent/BE773722A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-10-14 NL NL7114139.A patent/NL167486C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-10-15 NO NO3813/71A patent/NO133412C/no unknown
- 1971-10-15 FR FR7137134A patent/FR2111679B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-10-15 DK DK502371A patent/DK142036C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-10-15 JP JP46081061A patent/JPS5145894B1/ja active Pending
- 1971-10-15 CH CH1511671A patent/CH534759A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-10-16 ES ES396065A patent/ES396065A1/en not_active Expired
- 1971-10-16 IT IT29970/71A patent/IT939103B/en active
- 1971-10-18 GB GB4835371A patent/GB1320868A/en not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-02-16 DK DK83973AA patent/DK128983B/en unknown
-
1987
- 1987-12-30 MY MY842/87A patent/MY8700842A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT327062B (en) | 1976-01-12 |
BE773722A (en) | 1972-01-31 |
MY8700842A (en) | 1987-12-31 |
GB1320868A (en) | 1973-06-20 |
ATA867671A (en) | 1975-03-15 |
DE2051108C3 (en) | 1975-11-27 |
DE2051108B2 (en) | 1975-04-03 |
IT939103B (en) | 1973-02-10 |
JPS5145894B1 (en) | 1976-12-06 |
FR2111679A1 (en) | 1972-06-09 |
DE2051108A1 (en) | 1972-04-20 |
ES396065A1 (en) | 1976-05-01 |
DK142036B (en) | 1980-08-11 |
DK128983B (en) | 1974-08-05 |
CH534759A (en) | 1973-03-15 |
NO133412C (en) | 1976-04-28 |
FR2111679B1 (en) | 1974-03-29 |
NL7114139A (en) | 1972-04-19 |
NL167486C (en) | 1981-12-16 |
NL167486B (en) | 1981-07-16 |
SE373503B (en) | 1975-02-10 |
DK142036C (en) | 1980-12-29 |
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