RU2087130C1 - Device for taking biopsy - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering. SUBSTANCE: device has coaxially aligned external cannula and internal stilet with recess for bioptate sample, handle and trigger mechanism. External surface of the working part of the cannula is rough. The recess for bioptate sample has the shape of a cylinder quadrant. The stilet has non-working end bent at right angle and placed inside of hollow cylinder and handle telescopically coupled to it being reciprocally movable with respect to the cannula detachably mounted on the casing. Cylindric rest member is inside the casing having a through slot on its outer side. The handle is hollow rod holder having detachable handle with a ring, spring fixed on its opposite end and placed inside of the casing in coaxial relation with the stilet, two ring-shaped stoppers and a cut. The trigger mechanism has button with dead channel for fixing the bent stilet end and spring member having three protrusions. One of them is engageable with the handle. The second one envelopes the curved end off the stilet. The third one is in the cut of the rod holder. Roughness is non-uniform on the perimeter. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of operation; low cost. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of medical technology, namely to devices for taking biopsy material from organs and tissues of humans and animals.

 Known adjustable guiding device for a biopsy needle [1] containing a cannula having cylindrical walls, an inner lumen, an open end, an opening in a cylindrical wall, and also a groove near the other end, coaxial with the hole. There is a first sliding element located in another part of the groove. In the lumen of the cannula there is a rod having a pointed end protruding into the hole in the cylindrical wall and drawn back, and the other end is attached to the first sliding element. A second rod is also located in the cannula lumen, having a pointed end that can be extended and retracted through the open end of the cannula, a pointed protrusion protruding into the hole in the cylindrical wall and drawn back, and a compression spring is attached by means of which these elements move back and forth.

 However, the known device is structurally complex and traumatic for tissues.

 An adjustable biopsy device [2] is also known that allows you to control the size of a tissue sample being taken and contains an external oblong cannula with a pointed distal end inserted into the tissue sampling area, an elongated inner rod entering the cannula with a groove for receiving the sample, a device that extends the far end of the rod from the far end of the cannula for penetration into the tissue, a device for selectively controlling the length of the extension of the end of the rod and the depth of penetration of the groove of the rod into the fabric and an adjustable filling eniya a cloth, a device for moving the distal end of the cannula along the rod to the extended distal end of the rod and above the groove zlya separating the contained tissue and hold it therein when moving the distal end of the cannula above the groove, the descender device and the actuator.

 A disadvantage of the known device is the design complexity.

As a prototype adopted a device for biopsy [3]
The device contains a handle, which is the support of the stylet and cannula. A trigger is mounted in the handle, part of which protrudes outward and forward. A guide rail is adjacent to the upper edge of the handle. The rear end of the stylet is attached to the second sleeve for sliding displacement within the guide link. The other sleeve and the cannula attached to it are mounted so that they can slide on the stylet. Part of this sleeve protrudes backward and can be pulled out from the rear edge of the handle. Its forward movement is carried out manually. The upper end of the trigger mechanism is operatively connected with the first sleeve.

 Pressing the trigger mechanism contributes to the forward movement of the cannula and the introduction of the device into a specific part of the patient’s body, after which a stylet is inserted into the cannula. Thus, a tissue sample is extracted.

 However, the known device has several significant disadvantages.

 It is complex in design for both use and manufacture. It does not provide tissue sampling without deformation of the morphological structure, it is traumatic for surrounding tissues.

 The objective of the invention is to provide a biopsy device having a simpler design and to reduce tissue trauma.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in a biopsy device containing a coaxial external cannula and an inner stylet with a notch for a biopsy sample, a handle and a trigger located inside it, the outer surface of the working part of the cannula is roughened, the notch for a biopsy sample is a quarter of a cylinder, the stylet has a non-working end bent at a right angle and located inside a hollow cylindrical body and a handle telescopically connected with it with the possibility of reciprocating movement relative to the cannula, it is fixed on the case, and inside the case there is a cylindrical stop, and on its outside there is a through groove, the handle is made in the form of a hollow rod-holder, equipped with a removable handle with a ring, a spring fixed at its opposite end, placed inside the case coaxially to the stylet, two ring limiters and a slot, and the trigger mechanism consists of a button with a blind channel for fixing the curved end of the stylet and a spring element having three protrusions, one of which interacts with the handle Second bends around the curved end of the stylet, and the third is located in the slot of the rod-holder.

 The roughness is made uneven around the perimeter.

 Using the invention allows to obtain the following technical result.

 The proposed device has a simple design, which provides speed and convenience in operation, sterilization, manufacturing, while assuming a minimum of cost.

 The device can be used in any institution for taking biopsy material from any organs and tissues in both humans and animals. Work with him does not require special training.

 The device allows for metered tissue sampling to be less traumatic compared to known devices, to avoid bleeding and other possible complications.

 It is reliable, as it allows in 100% of cases to obtain biopsy samples without deformation of the morphological structure, which increases the accuracy of the study.

 The device is well visualized in ultrasonic rays, which makes it possible to control the passage of the needle in soft tissues and to exclude injury to large vessels and adjacent organs.

 1 shows a device, a longitudinal section, in FIG. 2 device in working condition.

 The biopsy device contains coaxial outer cannula 1 and inner stylet 2 with obliquely cut working ends in the opposite direction, a hollow cylindrical body 3 and a handle 4 telescopically connected to it.

 On the outer surface of the working part of the cannula 1, a roughness 5 is made, unevenly applied around the perimeter.

 The stylet 2 has a recess 6 for the biopsy sample on the working part, which is a quarter of the cylinder, and its non-working horses 7 are bent at right angles. In this case, the stylet 2 is located inside the housing 3 and the handle 4 with the possibility of reciprocating movement relative to the cannula 1, removably mounted on the housing 3 by means of a sleeve 8. Inside the housing 3, a cylindrical stop 9 is installed, and two disk-shaped protrusions 10 for stop fingers and through groove 11.

 The handle 4 is made in the form of a hollow rod-holder 12, equipped with a removable handle 13 with a ring 14, fixed at its opposite end by a spring 15, placed inside the housing 3 coaxially to the stylet 2, two annular stops 16 and 17 and a slot 18.

 In the rod-holder 12 is a trigger mechanism, which consists of a button 19 with a blind channel 20 for fixing the curved end 7 of the stylet 2 and the spring element 21 having three protrusions. One protrusion 22 interacts with the handle 13, the second protrusion 23 bends around the curved end 7 of the stylet 2, and the third protrusion 24 is located in the slot 18 of the rod-holder 12.

 The device operates as follows.

 To obtain tissue for research, the device is carried out in the thickness of the biopsy organ by puncture under the control of ultrasound.

 The device is taken so that the thumb is placed in the ring 14, and the index and middle fingers between the two disk-shaped protrusions 10 on the outside of the housing 3. Then the device is inserted with the working end into the biopsy organ in the desired area or tissue, and then the thumb is pressed on the handle 13. The rod-holder 12 together with the spring element 21 and the stylet 2 moves inside the housing 3 and compresses the spring 15. The protrusion 24 of the spring element 21 is placed in the through groove 11 of the housing 3 and fixes the rod-holder 12 in the housing 3.

 Thus, the stylet 2 moves relative to the stationary cannula 1, and its working part, moving out of the cannula 1, penetrates into the depth of the tissue to a predetermined depth corresponding to the length of the biopsy recess 6, which is filled with the desired amount of tissue. Holding the handle 13, press the trigger button 19. In this case, the protrusion 24 of the spring element 21 is released from the through groove 11 of the housing 3. The spring 15 is opened, under the influence of which the housing 3 with the cannula 1 move along the axis of the stylet 2 to its working end until the cylindrical stop 9 comes in contact with the annular stop 16, during which the cannula 1, hiding the working part of the stylet 2 with a recess 6 for biopsy, thus cuts out the test material, which remains in the recess 6. The device is removed from the organ (tissue). By pressing the handle 13 extend the working part of the stylet 2 with a recess 6, from which the test material is removed.

Claims (2)

 1. A biopsy device containing a coaxial external cannula and an internal stylet with a notch for a biopat, a handle and a trigger located inside it, characterized in that the outer surface of the working part of the cannula is roughened, the notch for the biopat is a quarter of the cylinder, the stylet has a bent under at the right angle, the non-working end is located inside the hollow cylindrical body and the handle telescopically connected with it with the possibility of reciprocating movement relative to the cannula, removably mounted on case, and inside the case there is a cylindrical stop, and on its outside there is a through groove, the handle is made in the form of a hollow rod-holder, equipped with a removable handle with a ring fixed at its opposite end by a spring placed inside the case coaxially to the stylet, two ring stops and slot, and the trigger mechanism consists of a button with a blind channel for fixing the curved end of the stylet and a spring element having three protrusions, one of which interacts with the handle, the second bends around the curve fifth end of the stylet, and the third is located in the slot of the rod-holder.  2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the roughness is made uneven around the perimeter.

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