US1357196A - of gotten- - Google Patents

Description

C. T. THORSSELL AND H. L. R. LUNDEN.

A PARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NITROGEN PRODUCTS.

AFPLICAUON FILED AUG.13.1919.

PEN/OMEN 00$. 26, 1920.

mimoasw UND E R PRESSURE REA c'r'lom REACT mu CHAMBER C AMBER VVASTE GASES FKOH'REACTION L CHAMBER ufTnoa-zu UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

OF GOTTEN- BORG, SWEDEN, ASSIGNORS T0 AKTIEBOLAGET KVAFVEINDUSTRI, 0F GOTTEN..

BORG, SWEDEN.

APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NITROGEN PRODUCTS.

App1ication filed. August 13, 1919.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CARL THEGDOR THORSSELL and HARALD Louvre RnINHoLD LUNDEN, citizens of Sweden, and residing at Gottenborg, Sweden, have invented a new and Improved Apparatus for the Production of Nitrogen Products, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to an apparatus for the production of nitrogen products of the kind in which free nitrogen is introduced into a mixture of coal and alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals or their combinations and absorbed by this mixture at a high temperature while forming cyanid. In this process the Velocity, at which the nitrogen is fixed, will be very great if the nitrogen is introduced under so high a pressure, 2'. 6., in such a quantity in relation to the solid mass in the reaction chamber, that the partial pressure of the nitrogen at the end of the reaction is still rather high. As the total pressure in the reaction chamber during the reaction is essentially raised on account of the carbon monoxid formed and also the mixture of gases in the reaction chamber partly has a very high temperature and for the most part consists of a combustible gas, v'iz., carbon monoxid, it is naturally very important in factory working that the energy of these gases should be utilized in the best possible manner, .and the present invention relates to a means for this purpose.

In order to utilize the gas existent in the reaction chamber at the end of the reaction as completely as possible, it is according to the invention led to an engine working expansively, in which it is brought to do work by its pressure and during expansion. The exhaust gases from this engine, which latter, of course, may be used for different purposes, are then carried to a combustion englue or a gas burner, wherein they render additional energy. It is evident that a part of the gases taken from the reaction chamber in this way suitably may be used for pumping the necessary nitrogen into the reaction chamber before the beginning of the reaction.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing showing a diagram of a form of the invention.

The nitrogen is supplied to the reaction Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 26, 1920.

Serial No. 317,185.

chamber 1, which is covered by a bad heat conductor, through the pipe 2 connected with a branch pipe 3, through which the gases leave the reaction chamber after the reaction is finished. This branch pipe 3 is connected with an engine 4 working expansively and suitably arranged to drive a pump 5 for forcing the nitrogen under pressure through the pipes 9 and'2 to the reaction chamber 1. The gases having done work in the eng ne l pass through the pipe 6 to a combustion engine or gas burner of a known type, wherein they are fully utilized. The pipes 2, 3 and 9 are off devices 7 8 and 10. In the form shown are two reaction chambers Working alternately in such a way that the gas passing provided with shuttingfrom one of them is used for compressing the'nitrogenin the other one. The engine working expansively and the pump may of course also be connected with several reaction chambers.

If a certain quantityof nitrogen is inclosed 1n the reaction chamber and no fresh nitrogen is introduced, the reaction will take place quicker at the beginning on account of the higher concentration and then slower, while the partial pressure of the nitrogen is reduced according as the nitrogen is fixed in the mass. Therefore it is advantageous to introduce so large a quantity of nitrogen at the beginning of the reaction that its partial pressure at the end of the reaction is still rather high. If for instance 2 volumes of nitrogen of a pressure of 1 atm. is pressed into the reaction chamber under such circumstances that they there attain a pressure of 15 atm. at the temperature prevailing in the reaction chamber, and if the apparatus contains so large a quantity of solid mass that it is able to fix 1 volume (counted at 1 atm.), z. 6., half of the nitrogen introduced, it is evident that 1 volume (counted at 1 atm.) of nitrogen will remain after the reaction has been finished and then 3 volumes of carbonic oxid are made free, as follows:

M6 00, to 2N-+2MeCN 300,

if Me indicates an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. The total pressure in the apparatus is then 30 atm. as it contains a quantity of gas corresponding to 4 volumes at 1 atm. The accumulation of the gases generated by the reaction does of course not interfere with the practical working of the cyanid process, as there is always a surplus of nitrogen present also at the end of the reaction.

Thus by means of the apparatus described the pressure of the departing gases and their heat of combustion are utilized in the highest possible degree.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. Apparatus for the production of nitrogen products in which nitrogen under pressure is introduced into a reaction chamber containing a mixture of coal and material capable of furnishing the metal base of the product and absorbed by this mixture at a high temperature, said reaction chamber being connected with an engine working expansively and driven by the gases present in the reaction chamber at the end of the reaction, the exhaust pipe of the engine being connected with a combustion engine or the like for a further utilization of said gases.

2. Apparatus for the production of nitrogen products in which nitrogen under pressure is introduced into a reaction chamber containing a mixture of coal and material capable of furnishing the metal base of the product and absorbed by this mixture at a high temperature, said reaction chamber being connected with an engine working expansively and driven by the gases present in the reaction chamber at the end of the reaction, said engine being connected with a pump, the delivery pipe of which is con nected with the reaction chamber for the purpose of introducing nitrogen under pressure in said vessel.

3. Apparatus for the production of nitrogen products in which nitrogen under pres sure is introduced into reaction chambers containing a mixture of coal and material ca pable of furnishing the metal base of the product and absorbed by this mixture at a high temperature, said reaction chambers being connected with an engine working expansively and a pump driven by said engine in such a way that the gases leaving one of the reaction chambers are used for compressing the nitrogen in another one.

4. Apparatus for the production of nitrogen products in which nitrogen under pres sure is introduced into a reaction chamber containing a mixture of coal and material capable of furnishing the metal base of the product and absorbed by this mixture at a high temperature, said reaction chamber be ing connected with an engine working eX- pansively and driven by the gases present in the reaction chamber at the end of the reaction.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CARL THEODGR THORSSELL. HARALD LUDVIG REINHOLD LUNBEN.

Witnesses: v EINAR T. ANDERSON, Gr. BRANZELL.

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