US2261864A - Halogenated extreme pressure lubricant - Google Patents

Description

Patented Nov. 4, 1941 HALOGENATED EXTREME PRESSURE I LUBRICANT William A. Whittier, Kenilworth, Ill., assignor to The Pure Oil Company tion of Ohio Chicago, Ill., a. corpora- No Drawing. Original application December 18,

1937, Serial No. 180,487. Divided and this application November 12, 1938, Serial No. 240,004

12 Claims.

This invention is a division of my co-pending application, Ser. No. 180,487, entitled Lubricant, filed December 18, 1937.

This invention relates to lubricants and to the method of preparing and of using the same, and is more particularly concerned with lubricants having extreme pressure characteristics.

It is well known that mineral lubricating oils can be improved by adding thereto halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons and compounds, in which hydrogen in the aromatic nucleus is substituted by chlorine. Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons and compounds in general have been found-t0 be unsatisfactory because such compounds hydrolyze too readily in contact with water forming acid which corrodes the metal surfaces.

1 have discovered that where halogen is linked to aliphatic carbon, which is protected on both ends by non-acidic, stable aromatic or other car- 'bocyclic nuclei, the resulting compounds are not only not corrosive but are more active than the halogenated aromatics. Such compounds have the ability to impart to mineral lubricating oils,

increased oiliness, film strength, and extreme pressure characteristics.

The compounds which I have discovered to be suitable are those of the type in which R and R are non-acidic, stable aromatic. or other carbocyclic nuclei, either the same or different, C represents an aliphatic radical either saturated or unsaturated having (11.) carbon atoms where (n) is one or more, and Ha represents a halogen united to one or more aliphatic straight chain carbon atoms which are linked between the carbocyclic nuclei.

The particular compounds with which this application is concerned are those compounds of the type carbon atoms where (n) is three or more and a halogen (Ha) is united to aliphatic carbon linked between the benzene nuclei. An example of sucha compound is chlorinated 1,4 ditolyl butadiene.

To illustrate graphically the nature of the compounds with which this invention is concerned:

1,4 ditolyl butadiene Chlorinated (octachlor) ditolyl butane 01 Cl Cl 01 This type of reaction is relatively simple and is generally well understood.

The halogenated compounds may be used in connection with straight mineral lubricating oils or in connection with oils which have been blended with other reagents to improve the lubricating characteristics thereof. For example, I have found that when small quantities of halogenated compounds of the nature of those above described are incorporated in a blend of mineral lubricating oil with a sulfurized and phosphorized fatty oil base such as that disclosed in the application of Whittier et al., Ser. No. 55,200, the extreme pressure characteristics of such lubricants can be materially improved. A number of tests have been made on straight lubricants blended with halogenated compounds of the nature of those above set forth and on lubricants blended with sulfurized and phosphorized base together with halogenated compounds, and the results given in the table below. In these tests the straight mineral oil used was a blend in the proportions of 1:1 of two mineral lubricating oils of the following characteristics:

those tests in which an oil blended with sulfurized-phosphorized base was used, the lubricating oil, before addition of the base, had the following characteristics:

- Table II A. P. I. gravity 18-20 a Flash, F 380-400 Fire, "F 430-450 Vis. at 130 F. (Say. Univ.) 460-500 Vis. at 210 F. (Say. Univ.) 90-95 Pour point, F

- vigorously agitated. At this point the steam was shut off and 814 pounds of flowers of sulfur were sifted into the contents of the kettle over a period of approximately two hours. The contents of the kettle were vigorously agitated during this entire period. At the end of the two-hour period the temperature had dropped to 265 F. The steam was again turned on' and the contents of the kettle heated to approximately 300 F. when the steam was turned off. Agitation was continued for a period of approximately 7 hours after the addition of the sulfur. During this period the temperature rose from 300 to 344 F. during the first three hours indicating that an exothermic reaction was taking place. The temperature during the 7 -hour period was not permitted to drop below 320 to 330 F. and it was found that it was unnecessary to use any further the oiliness and film strength, as for example, in

motor oil, the amount added may range from a.

methods of. testing now available, it has been heat to maintain this temperature after the mixj ture had been initially heated to 300 F.

The sulfurized material was then cooled to a temperature of 220 to 230 F.-by circulating the material through cooling coils and back to the kettle. When this temperature had been reached, 44 pounds of phosphorous sesquisulfide was added slowly over a period of /2' hour of continuous agitation. The steam was again turned on at such times as was necessary to maintain the temperature at 220 to 230 F. After the addition of phosphorus, agitation was continued for a period of approximately five hours while the temperature was maintained at 220 to 230 F. At the end of this period the contents of the kettle were immediately cooled to 130 F. by circulation through the exteriorly located cooling coils and pumped to storage.

Although I do not wish to be limited to the addition of any particular amount of the halogenated compound to the lubricant, I prefer to use from 3 to 10% in connection with lubricants to be used where E. P. characteristics are impor-. tant. Where the compound is added to improve found that maximum results can be obtained by adding this amount. There is no.reason, however, why quantities in'excess of 10% may not be used.

Instead of adding the halogenated compound directly to the oil, it may be separately fed into the particular mechanism to be lubricated and mixed in situ with the lubricating oil.

Although I have given but one specific example of compounds falling within the scope of my invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific compound but includes generally compounds falling within the class disclosed and claimed.

What I claim is:

1. A lubricant comprising mineral lubricating oil and a halogenated compound of the type Where R and R. are. benzene nuclei in which one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted by alphyl radicals, C is a straight aliphatic chain having n carbon atoms where n is three or more and a halogen (Ha) is united to aliphatic carbon linked between the benzene nuclei.

2. A lubricant'in accordance with claim 1 containing sulfurized and phosphorized fatty oil.

3. A lubricant in accordance with claim 1 in which the aliphatic chain is a hydrocarbon chain.

4. A lubricant in accordance with claim 1 in which the substituted alphyl radical is methyl.

5. A lubricant in accordance with claim 1 in which the-substituted alphyl radical is methyl vand the halogen is chlorine.

6. A lubricant in accordance with claim 1 in which the substituted alphyl radical is methyl, the halogen is chlorine and the aliphatic chain is a hydrocarbon chain.

7. A lubricant in accordance with claim 1 in which the substituted alphyl radical is methyl, the halogen is chlorine, the aliphatic chain is a hydrocarbon chain and containing sulfurized and phosphorized fatty oil.

8. A lubricant comprising mineral lubricating oil and halogenated 1,4 ditolyl butadiene in which halogen is attached to aliphatic carbon linked between the aromatic nuclei.

-9. A lubricant in accordance with claim 8 containing sulfurized and phosphorized fatty oil.

10. A lubricant in accordance with claim 8 in which the halogen is united to that aliphaticcarbon only which is linked between the benzene nuclei.

11. A lubricant comprising mineral lubricating oil and chlorinated 1,4 ditolyl butadiene in which the chlorine is united to aliphatic carbon linked between the aromatic nuclei.

12. A lubricant in accordance with claim 11 containing sulfurized and phosphorized fatty oil.

WILLIAM A. WHITTIER.