US2932265A - Refractory brick - Google Patents

Description

April 12, 1960 R. P. HEUER REFRACTORY BRICK 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 27. 1954 r///// n//// /U April 12, 1960 R. P. HEUER REFRACTORY BRICK 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 27. 1954 INVENTOR. Afusse ll fieeree //e a e r ATTORNEYS,

.z,9'3z,26s REFRACTORY BRICK Russell Pearce Heuer, Villanova, Pa., assignor to General Refractories Company, a corporation of Pennsyl- Vania Application April 27, 1954, Serial No. 425,860"- 3-Claims. 01. 110-99 The present invention relates to refractory structures employing basic refractory brick with comolded'metal lic surface plates and with mechanical means of support, and to methods of making the same.

.The present application is a continuation in part of U.S.'application Serial No. 308,749, filed September 10, 1952, for Refractory Wall and Roof Making, now'Patent 2,781,006, granted February 12,1957.

A purpose of the invention is to provide abasic refractory brick with "a comolded metallic surface plate having supporting means secured to and preferably integral with the surface plate, preferably in the form of a sup porting tab. v

A further purpose is to support the brick byuniting the supporting means on the'surface plate toastructural support by a hanger, which will ,desirably be formed of wire.

the confines of the brick, and then to bend or otherwise deform it to a position at'which it is accessible to the meansof support.

A further purpose is to locate the supporting means so that during manufacture and shipment'the supporting means does not extend beyond the confines of the brick and so is protected. i

A further purpose is to secure integral supporting means on surfaceplates of basic refractory brick extending beyond the end of the brick most distant from the heated face. i

A further purpose is to mold the supporting tabs into the brick by forming them on the surface plates before molding, applying pressure to the basic refractory through the surface of one plate or two opposite plates and imbedding projections in the refractory by comolding as the brick is formed.

A further purpose is to secure to an oxidizable metallic external spacer plate on a basic refractory brick a tab element which extends along the surface of the brick within the confines of the brick adjacent the end,

.and is deformed: from the confines of the brick to produce a tab to hang or secure the brick, and preferably fractory. ,Afurther purpose is to provide the integral supporting means on the surface plate initially 'at a location within Figure 4 is a central longitudinal fragmentary section showing a modification of the refractory brick in respec 1 to the tab element. 1 a refractory brick of" Figure 5 is an elevation of the Figure 4 from 'the cold end.

In the prior art considerable use has basic refractory brick and mechanical means of support in the construction of furnaces such as open hearth steel furnaces. This use includes construction of suspended roofs, walls and so-called suspended ends and slag poc kets.- This construction is typically shown 'in my U .S;

Patents 2,154,813, 2,155,165 and 2,547,322.

The brick 27 in accordance with the present 'invention are made'from basic refractory material,'such as chromite, or magnesia or mixtures thereof well known in the art. A typical refractory composition is disclosed in my U.S."Patent No. 2,087,107. 7 The refractory brick are preferably formedby og molding the oxidizable metallic plates 17 with the-re fractory mix and applying the molding pressure throu'glf the plates. The metal preferably, used is steel or ironyinchidin'g plain carbon steel and stainless steel. The plate is or; sheet material, desirably having a thicknessbetween approximately inch and /1 inch depending on the installation. f At intervals over the surface of the plate and protruding in the direction of the refractorythereare interlock projections16 which are conveniently formed by lancing from the plate, and are comolded and 'united in there-f The internal plates preferablyextend in a radial 'direction in the curved arch. 1

In Figures l and 2 the tab is provided on one ofthe minor, or end faces of the brick. The metallic plate used for providing the tabs isformed into a U shaped section which covers all or part of the minor face of the brick. The U shaped section is cut out to form the tab 18', whichis separated from the rest of the plate 17'- at the cold end of the brick by a separation line 20f. A hole 46' may be provided to engage asupporting means. The tab is further weakened by a hole 4'6 near corner 17 of the brick. v

porting means and I tab refractory of the brick by comolding.

Further purposes appear in the specification and in the claims.

.In the drawings I have chosen to illustrate a few only of the numerous embodiments in which my invention may appear, selecting the forms shown from the standpoints of convenience in illustration, satisfactory operation and clear demonstration of the principles involved.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of a supported brick of the character employed in the invention.

Figure 2 is an end view of the brick shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a supported roof structure employing the brick shown in Figure 2.

the intended line of bending,v so that when the tab bent into its opposition extending away'from the brick the' bending will occur at a predetermined place near the The bricks of Figures land 2 may be assembled in groups of two or four 'as shown in Figure3. In this case, the supporting means 8 is provided with suitably formed wires or hooks 47 which connect with the supengage the brick at the tabs 18. f i

In some cases it is desirable-to have a metallic tab of different thickness and preferably of greater thick: hessthanthat of the oxidizable metallic spacer plate whichis placed on the outside surface of thebrick, I The v, element maybe of any metal suitable for the spacer platejbut"will'preferably be 'of steel; For this purpose it is preferable to us a separate tab construction which is secured to the spacer plate.

Figures 4 and 5 illustrate a support 48 which consists of an angle having a tab element 50 and a flange 51. From the tab element 50 a tongue 52 is lanced out and bent to a position intermediate between the angular positions of the flanges 50 and 51. The lancing leaves a hanger opening 53 in the tab element 50.

V In the preferred embodiment, the tab element 50 extends along the end 54 of the refractory brick which is to be the cold end in service within the confines of the generally rectangular or other standard shape of the brick. The flange S1 is secured as by spot welding at 55 to the interior of the oxidizable metallic spacer plate 17 near the end of the brick, and the tongue .52 extends Patented Apr. 12, 1960 been made he preciably greater than that of the oxidizable metallic spacerplate 17 to increase the strength of the tab.

In addition to the use of supported brick for constructing regularly formed (arch type) roofs, the supported brick may be used also to form sloping walls, nose construction and other parts of suspended end construction asrevealed in my other patents.

The principles of the invention are applicable not only for the suspended roofs but also for vertical and other types of walls, used for example in furnace ends and slag pocket sections. When used in vertical walls the major axis of the brick lies horizontal as compared to the vertical or radial position of the major axis of the brick in a roof.

Wherever reference is made to supporting the brickwork it is understood that the brickwork so supported need not necessarily be supported from above. Supporting means can be either directly above, or angularly above the brick, or disposed in a horizontal direction. It is the intention that the word supporting signifies maintaining the brick in a desired position by mechanical means attachedto any part o'f the furnace. a

I I am familiar with the fact that it has been proposed to use mechanically supported brick with a metal sheath, the sheath being provided with parts external to the brick itself and intended to be used as supporting means. Such brick were made by placing premolded brick in the sheath or by molding loose refractory into a preformed sheath. This presents difliculties in molding, however, and is unsatisfactory because the sheath is already in its intended fo'rm before pressing begins and no pressure can beexerted from a moving pressing die on the contained refractory through the external casing. I have found that it is an improvement to comold the brick with metallic plates which are adaptable to a pressing operation which applies the pressure from a moving die through the metallic plates, the plates relatively moving in achieving their final intended form or relative position with respect to their position when introduced into the mold. The present invention permits the use of this desirable pressing operation and incorporates the support means integral with the co'molded plates. Thus the final brick has desirable properties from proper pressing, and at the same time the comolded plate' is intimately associated with and integrated to the brick by the comolded union of the projections with the refractory.

I In view of my invention and disclosure variations and modifications to meet individual whim or particular need will doubtless become evident to others skilled in the art, to obtain all or part of the benefits of my invention without copying the apparatus shown, and I therefore answers claim all such n0far as they fall within the reasonable spirit and scope of my claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A basic refractory brick of generally rectangular shape having side faces, ,ahot face and a cold face, comprising a body of basic refractory making up the bulk of the brick, a support, said support including a tab in inactive position having an inside surface comolded into said cold face by comolding said support and refractory, an outside surface of the "tab being at most flush with the cold face of the brick in the inactive position of the tab, and an oxidizable metallic plate extending transversely of said inside and outside surfaces of the tab in said inactive position of the tab and along a side face of the brick, said plate having projections which extend into the body of basic refractory of the brick and which are united thereto by comolding said support being supported by said plate and said tab being of bendable metal andv capable of being bent relative to said plate to an active position beyond and transverse to the cold face ofthe brick. a

2. A basic refractory brick according to claim 1, in which said support includes a flange integral with the'tab and said flange extends inward into the refractory of the brick and along the inside surface of the oxidizable metallic plate and is secured to said oxidizable metallic plate.

3 A- basic refractory brick of generally rectangular shape havlngside faces, a hot face and a cold face, comprising a body of basic refractory making up the bulk of the brick, a support, said support including a tab in inactive position having an inside surface comolded into said eola'face by comolding said support and refractory, an outside surface of the tab being at most flush with the cold face of the brick in the inactive po'sition of the tab, and an oxidizable metallic plate, extending transversely or said inside and outside surfaces of the tab in said inactive po'sition of the tab and along a side face of the brick, said plate and thebody of basic refractory of the brick being united by comolding, said support being supported by said plate and said tab being of bendable metal and capable of being bent relative to said plate to an active position beyond and transverse to the cold face of the brick.

Ram -'5 Cited in the file of this'patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,750,355 Ragoucy Mar. 11, 1930 2,158,759 Morlock May 16, 1939 2,187,669 spawn: Jan. 16, 1940 2,247,376 IfIe'ver July 1, '1941 2,303,544 Goss Dec. '1, 1942 2,317,451 Giles Apr. 27, 1943 2,398,622 Crncich -i Apr. 16, 1946 2,547,322 Heuer Apr. 3, 1951 2,626,819 Winford Jan. 27, 1953 2,652,793 Heuer Sept. 22, 1953 2, 59,325 Honig Nov. 17, 1953 Heuer Feb. 12, 1957

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