US3024193A - Stabilized metal-working lubricant - Google Patents
Stabilized metal-working lubricant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3024193A US3024193A US705150A US70515057A US3024193A US 3024193 A US3024193 A US 3024193A US 705150 A US705150 A US 705150A US 70515057 A US70515057 A US 70515057A US 3024193 A US3024193 A US 3024193A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- calcium carbonate
- metal
- water
- polyacrylamide
- oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 229960003563 calcium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 17
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- -1 alkyl aryl sulfonic acid Chemical compound 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 5
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HHPDFYDITNAMAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[cyclohexyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)C1CCCCC1 HHPDFYDITNAMAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRQQKWGDKVGLFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylundecane-2-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(C)(C)S FRQQKWGDKVGLFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDXSOLKHMQSKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dibutyl-2-phenylphenol;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCC1=CC=C(O)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1CCCC XDXSOLKHMQSKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 235000019737 Animal fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000273930 Brevoortia tyrannus Species 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical class C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010699 lard oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950011392 sorbitan stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/063—Peroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
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- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
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- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/402—Castor oils
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/024—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
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- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
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- C10M2221/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2221/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2221/043—Polyoxyalkylene ethers with a thioether group
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- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
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- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/242—Hot working
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/243—Cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
Definitions
- The' present invention pertains to improvements in lubricant compositions, and more particularly to lubricant compositions adapted for use in metal-forming opera tions.
- lubricants containing substantial quantities of calciumcarbonate are generally employed for the purpose of preventing metal-to-metal contact under the extreme-pressure conditions usually encountered in such operations.
- Such lubricant compositions are usually supplied to the user in the form of paste or semisolid grease-like products which are then diluted with Water to the desired consistency. Difficulty is often encountered because the calcium carbonate settles out of the diluted products, forming tightly packed gummy layers on the bottom of reservoirs or containers which cannot be remixed with normal agitation.
- calcium carbonate-containing lubricant compositions of the type adapted for use in metal-forming operations, in which the calcium carbonate will not settle out in a tightly packed layer when the lubricant composition is diluted with water, are obtained by incorporating in such lubricant compositions a small amount of 9. polyacrylamide.
- Lubricant compositions of the present invention comprise essentially from about to about 15% emulsifier, from about 15% to about 30% of a fatty material, from 5% to about 50%, and preferably from about 10% to about 30% of a hydrocarbon oil, from about to about water, from about 5% to about 30% calcium carbonate, from about 0.25% to about 2% of a polyacrylamide, and from 0.1% to about 1%, and preferably from about 0.25% to about 1% magnesium stearate.
- the polyacrylamides used in the present invention have the general formula and a molecular weight in the range of from about 50,000 to about 100,000. Suitable polyacrylamides are products marketed by American Cyanamid Company under the trade-names of PAM 50, PAM 75 and PAM 100.
- the emulsifier can be an alkali metal soap of a carboxylic acid containing at least 12 carbon atoms, an alkali metal sop of an alkyl aryl sulfonic acid containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, a non-ionic emulsifier or any of the well known emulsifying agents.
- emulsifiers examples include the alkali metal soaps, such as sodium, potassium, or ammonium soaps of animal and/ or vegetable fatty acid, for example, lauric acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, Standard Fatty Acids, etc.; sorbitan hexahydroxy ethyl ether; glycol stearin; soaps of cyclohexyl diethanolamine or triethanolamine; alkali metal soaps of preferentially oil-soluble sulfonic acids; dibutyl phenyl phenol sodium disulfonate; condensation products of polyalkylene oxide with an alcohol or a mercaptan of at least 8 carbon atoms, such as for example, a tertiary dodecyl mercaptan or alcohol condensed with 8 to 11 mols of ethylene oxide; polyethylene glycol esters or partial esters of lauric acid, palmitic acid or stearic acid, etc., sorbitan stearate, o
- the fatty material used in the lubricant compositions of the present invention are, for example, animal, vegetable and marine fats and fatty oils, such as tallow oil, lard oil, castor oil, menhaden, cottonseed oil, etc.
- the hydrocarbon oil component of the lubricant composition can be any hydrocarbon oil having a SayboltUniversal viscosity within the range of from about seconds at F. to about 500 seconds at 210 F.
- the oil can be a petroleum distillate or a residuum oil or mixtures thereof or can be a synthetic hydrocarbon oil having a viscosity within the above range. The choice of the oil used will be determined by the nature of the service for which the compound is designed.
- compositions of the type herein described are usually prepared in paste or semi-solid form which the user can dilute by adding water in proportions of from about 1 to 8 parts of water to 1 part of the composition, and the diluted material then applied to the metal as it enters the forming machine.
- a metal-working lubricant composition containing calcium carbonate from which the calcium carbonate will not settle-out in a packed layer comprising from. about 5% to about 15 of an emulsifier selected from the class consisting of an anionic organic emulsifying agent, a nonionic organic emulsifying agent and mixtures thereof, from about 15% to about 30% of a fatty material selected from the class consisting of animal, vegetable and marine fats and fatty oils, from 5% to about 50% of a hydrocarbon oil, from about 15 to about 30% water,
- a metalworking lubricant composition as described in claim 1 which contains from about to about of a hydrocarbon oil.
- An aqueous emulsion consisting essentially of from 1 to about 8 parts of water to one part of the composition described in claim 1.
- CONHQJx 8 A metalworking lubricant composition as described in claim 2 in which the alkali metal is potassium.
- a metal-working lubricant composition containing calcium carbonate from which the calcium carbonate will not settle-out in a packed layer having the following approximate formulation:
- Percent Hydrocarbon oil 18.6 Calcium carbonate 23.0 Tallow 18.0 Potassium fatty acid soap 13.1 Water 25.0 Magnesium stearate 0.4 Polyacrylamide 1.0 Polyoxyethylene sorbitan-monooleate 0.9 in which the potassium fatty acid soap is the potassium soap of a mixture of about 40% animal fatty acids and about cottonseed fatty acids, and the polyacrylamide has a molecular weight of about 75,000.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
3,024,193 Patented Mar. 6, 1962 3,024,193 STABILIZED METAL-WORKING LUBRICANT James W. Gaynor, Valparaiso, Ind., and Roy J. Eisem haner, Chicago, IlL, assignors to Standard Oil Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Indiana N Drawing. Fiied Dec. 26, 1957, Ser. No. 705,150
9 Claims; (Cl. 252-18) The' present invention pertains to improvements in lubricant compositions, and more particularly to lubricant compositions adapted for use in metal-forming opera tions.
In metal-forming operations, such as drawing, stamping, forging, and the like, lubricants containing substantial quantities of calciumcarbonate are generally employed for the purpose of preventing metal-to-metal contact under the extreme-pressure conditions usually encountered in such operations. Such lubricant compositions are usually supplied to the user in the form of paste or semisolid grease-like products which are then diluted with Water to the desired consistency. Difficulty is often encountered because the calcium carbonate settles out of the diluted products, forming tightly packed gummy layers on the bottom of reservoirs or containers which cannot be remixed with normal agitation.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a metal-forming lubricant composition containing calcium carbonate which can be diluted with Water without packing of the settling calcium carbonate. Another object of the invention is to provide a metal-forming lubricant composition containing calcium carbonate which is resistant to packing of the settled-out calcium carbonate. Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description thereof.
In accordance with the present invention, calcium carbonate-containing lubricant compositions, of the type adapted for use in metal-forming operations, in which the calcium carbonate will not settle out in a tightly packed layer when the lubricant composition is diluted with water, are obtained by incorporating in such lubricant compositions a small amount of 9. polyacrylamide. Lubricant compositions of the present invention comprise essentially from about to about 15% emulsifier, from about 15% to about 30% of a fatty material, from 5% to about 50%, and preferably from about 10% to about 30% of a hydrocarbon oil, from about to about water, from about 5% to about 30% calcium carbonate, from about 0.25% to about 2% of a polyacrylamide, and from 0.1% to about 1%, and preferably from about 0.25% to about 1% magnesium stearate.
The polyacrylamides used in the present invention have the general formula and a molecular weight in the range of from about 50,000 to about 100,000. Suitable polyacrylamides are products marketed by American Cyanamid Company under the trade-names of PAM 50, PAM 75 and PAM 100.
The emulsifier can be an alkali metal soap of a carboxylic acid containing at least 12 carbon atoms, an alkali metal sop of an alkyl aryl sulfonic acid containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, a non-ionic emulsifier or any of the well known emulsifying agents. Examples of suitable emulsifiers are the alkali metal soaps, such as sodium, potassium, or ammonium soaps of animal and/ or vegetable fatty acid, for example, lauric acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, Standard Fatty Acids, etc.; sorbitan hexahydroxy ethyl ether; glycol stearin; soaps of cyclohexyl diethanolamine or triethanolamine; alkali metal soaps of preferentially oil-soluble sulfonic acids; dibutyl phenyl phenol sodium disulfonate; condensation products of polyalkylene oxide with an alcohol or a mercaptan of at least 8 carbon atoms, such as for example, a tertiary dodecyl mercaptan or alcohol condensed with 8 to 11 mols of ethylene oxide; polyethylene glycol esters or partial esters of lauric acid, palmitic acid or stearic acid, etc., sorbitan stearate, oleate, etc.
Mixtures of such emulsifiers can be used I The fatty material used in the lubricant compositions of the present invention are, for example, animal, vegetable and marine fats and fatty oils, such as tallow oil, lard oil, castor oil, menhaden, cottonseed oil, etc.
The hydrocarbon oil component of the lubricant composition can be any hydrocarbon oil having a SayboltUniversal viscosity within the range of from about seconds at F. to about 500 seconds at 210 F. The oil can be a petroleum distillate or a residuum oil or mixtures thereof or can be a synthetic hydrocarbon oil having a viscosity within the above range. The choice of the oil used will be determined by the nature of the service for which the compound is designed.
The compositions of the type herein described are usually prepared in paste or semi-solid form which the user can dilute by adding water in proportions of from about 1 to 8 parts of water to 1 part of the composition, and the diluted material then applied to the metal as it enters the forming machine.
Illustrative of the present invention are the following formulations:
I II
Percent Percent Hydrocarbon Oil 18.6 15.5 Calcium Carbonate..- 23.0 23. 0 Tallow 18.0 18.0 Caustic Potash (44%)-- 3. 2. 6 Standard Fatty Acid 7 9. 9. 7 Water 28.0 Polyacrylamide 1. 0 Tween 80 4 0.9 Magnesium Stearate. 0.3 Caustic Soda (44%) 1.0
1:6 respectively exhibited no packing of the calcium carbonate after standing for eight hours in a quiescent state,
whereas a similar composition without the polyacrylamide had a tightly packed residual bottom in the same period. Formulation II diluted with water in the ratio of 1.3 evidenced no packing or gumming after standing several days.
Percentages given herein and in the appended claims are weight percentages unless otherwise stated.
We claim:
1. A metal-working lubricant composition containing calcium carbonate from which the calcium carbonate will not settle-out in a packed layer, comprising from. about 5% to about 15 of an emulsifier selected from the class consisting of an anionic organic emulsifying agent, a nonionic organic emulsifying agent and mixtures thereof, from about 15% to about 30% of a fatty material selected from the class consisting of animal, vegetable and marine fats and fatty oils, from 5% to about 50% of a hydrocarbon oil, from about 15 to about 30% water,
from about 5% to about 30% calcium carbonate, from 0.1% to about 1% magnesium stearate and from about 0.25% to about 2% of a polyacrylamide having the general formula having a molecular weight of from about 50,000 to about 100,000.
2. A metalworking lubricant composition as described in claim 1 in which the emulsifier is an alkali metal soap of a high molecular weight fatty acid.
3. A metalworking lubricant composition as described in claim 1 in which the emulsifier is a non-ionic surfaceactive agent.
4. A metalworking lubricant composition as described in claim 1 in which the polyacrylamide has a molecular weight of about 75,000.
5. A metalworking lubricant composition as described in claim 1 in which the fatty material is an animal fat.
6. A metalworking lubricant composition as described in claim 1 which contains from about to about of a hydrocarbon oil.
7. An aqueous emulsion consisting essentially of from 1 to about 8 parts of water to one part of the composition described in claim 1.
CONHQJx 8. A metalworking lubricant composition as described in claim 2 in which the alkali metal is potassium.
9. A metal-working lubricant composition containing calcium carbonate from which the calcium carbonate will not settle-out in a packed layer, having the following approximate formulation:
Percent Hydrocarbon oil 18.6 Calcium carbonate 23.0 Tallow 18.0 Potassium fatty acid soap 13.1 Water 25.0 Magnesium stearate 0.4 Polyacrylamide 1.0 Polyoxyethylene sorbitan-monooleate 0.9 in which the potassium fatty acid soap is the potassium soap of a mixture of about 40% animal fatty acids and about cottonseed fatty acids, and the polyacrylamide has a molecular weight of about 75,000.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,697,072 Roden Dec. 14, 1954 2,805,205 Touey et a1. Sept. 3, 1957 2,857,367 Kearney Oct. 21, 1958
Claims (1)
1. A METAL-WORKING LUBRICANT COMPOSTION CONTAINING CALCIUM CARBONATE FROM WHICH THE CALCIUM CARBONATE WILL NOT SETTLE-OUT IN A PACKED LAYER, COMPRISING FROM ABOUT 5% TO ABOUT 15% OF AN EMULSIFIER SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF AN ANIONIC ORGANIC EMULSIFYING AGENT, A NONIONIC ORGANIC EMULSIFYING AGENT AND MIXTURE THEREOF, FROM ABOUT 15% TO ABOUT 30% OF A FATTY MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF ANIMAL, VEGETABLE AND MARINE FATS AND FATTY OILS, FROM 5% TO ABOUT 50% OF A HYDROCARBON OIL, FROM ABOUT 15% TO ABOUT 30% WATER FROM ABOUT 5% TO ABOUT 30% CALCIUM CARBONATE, FROM 0.1% TO ABOUT 1% MAGNESIUM STEARATE AND FROM ABOUT 0.25% TO ABOUT 2% OF A POLYACRYLAMIDE HAVING THE GENERAL FORMULA
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US705150A US3024193A (en) | 1957-12-26 | 1957-12-26 | Stabilized metal-working lubricant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US705150A US3024193A (en) | 1957-12-26 | 1957-12-26 | Stabilized metal-working lubricant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3024193A true US3024193A (en) | 1962-03-06 |
Family
ID=24832243
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US705150A Expired - Lifetime US3024193A (en) | 1957-12-26 | 1957-12-26 | Stabilized metal-working lubricant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3024193A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3336225A (en) * | 1966-01-17 | 1967-08-15 | Dow Chemical Co | Method and composition for reducing friction on conveyors |
| US3418157A (en) * | 1965-02-15 | 1968-12-24 | Dow Chemical Co | Lubricating surfaces |
| US3505844A (en) * | 1966-08-22 | 1970-04-14 | Reynolds Metals Co | Rolling lubrication |
| US3853772A (en) * | 1971-06-01 | 1974-12-10 | Chevron Res | Lubricant containing alkali metal borate dispersed with a mixture of dispersants |
| US3873458A (en) * | 1973-05-18 | 1975-03-25 | United States Steel Corp | Resin-containing lubricant coatings |
| DE3241197A1 (en) * | 1981-12-18 | 1983-06-23 | Kao Corp. | METAL ROLLING OIL COMPOSITION |
| FR2549079A1 (en) * | 1983-06-17 | 1985-01-18 | Nippon Kokan Kk | OIL FOR COLD ROLLING OF STEEL SHEETS |
| US5801129A (en) * | 1993-10-23 | 1998-09-01 | Firma August Neuhoff | Process and device for applying a lubricant carrier layer to a wire material to be formed in a drawing process |
| EP1167498A1 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2002-01-02 | Kikuko Fukutani | Metal working fluid |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2697072A (en) * | 1951-06-08 | 1954-12-14 | Texas Co | Emulsion type drawing compounds containing carboxyalkyl cellulose salts |
| US2805205A (en) * | 1957-09-03 | Detergent compositions for laundering | ||
| US2857367A (en) * | 1954-06-10 | 1958-10-21 | Diamond Alkali Co | Polymerization process utilizing dextran as a primary dispersing agent |
-
1957
- 1957-12-26 US US705150A patent/US3024193A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2805205A (en) * | 1957-09-03 | Detergent compositions for laundering | ||
| US2697072A (en) * | 1951-06-08 | 1954-12-14 | Texas Co | Emulsion type drawing compounds containing carboxyalkyl cellulose salts |
| US2857367A (en) * | 1954-06-10 | 1958-10-21 | Diamond Alkali Co | Polymerization process utilizing dextran as a primary dispersing agent |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3418157A (en) * | 1965-02-15 | 1968-12-24 | Dow Chemical Co | Lubricating surfaces |
| US3336225A (en) * | 1966-01-17 | 1967-08-15 | Dow Chemical Co | Method and composition for reducing friction on conveyors |
| US3505844A (en) * | 1966-08-22 | 1970-04-14 | Reynolds Metals Co | Rolling lubrication |
| US3853772A (en) * | 1971-06-01 | 1974-12-10 | Chevron Res | Lubricant containing alkali metal borate dispersed with a mixture of dispersants |
| US3873458A (en) * | 1973-05-18 | 1975-03-25 | United States Steel Corp | Resin-containing lubricant coatings |
| DE3241197A1 (en) * | 1981-12-18 | 1983-06-23 | Kao Corp. | METAL ROLLING OIL COMPOSITION |
| FR2518566A1 (en) * | 1981-12-18 | 1983-06-24 | Kao Corp | METAL ROLLING OIL |
| FR2549079A1 (en) * | 1983-06-17 | 1985-01-18 | Nippon Kokan Kk | OIL FOR COLD ROLLING OF STEEL SHEETS |
| US5801129A (en) * | 1993-10-23 | 1998-09-01 | Firma August Neuhoff | Process and device for applying a lubricant carrier layer to a wire material to be formed in a drawing process |
| EP1167498A1 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2002-01-02 | Kikuko Fukutani | Metal working fluid |
| EP1167498A4 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2003-05-07 | Kikuko Fukutani | Metal working fluid |
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