US3231641A - Method of pelleting pentachlorophenol - Google Patents
Method of pelleting pentachlorophenol Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3231641A US3231641A US228744A US22874462A US3231641A US 3231641 A US3231641 A US 3231641A US 228744 A US228744 A US 228744A US 22874462 A US22874462 A US 22874462A US 3231641 A US3231641 A US 3231641A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pentachlorophenol
- pellets
- degrees centigrade
- water
- substantially spherical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 7
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- WGYZMNBUZFHYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-methoxypropan-2-yloxy)propan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)OCC(C)O WGYZMNBUZFHYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 dihexyl ester Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940097789 heavy mineral oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
- B01J2/06—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a liquid medium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C39/00—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C39/24—Halogenated derivatives
- C07C39/26—Halogenated derivatives monocyclic monohydroxylic containing halogen bound to ring carbon atoms
- C07C39/27—Halogenated derivatives monocyclic monohydroxylic containing halogen bound to ring carbon atoms all halogen atoms being bound to ring carbon atoms
- C07C39/36—Pentachlorophenol
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of forming substantially spherical pellets. More particularly, this invention relates to a method wherein pellets are formed by dispersing molten material into a cold liquid.
- molten pentachlorophenol maintained at a temperature close to its melting point is preferably provided, although higher temperatures may be used, if desired.
- a desirable water temperature would be in the range of from about zero to about fifteen degrees centigrade, a water temperature in the range of from about zero to about eight degrees centigrade is better, and temperatures in the range of from about zero to about four degrees centigrade are preferred.
- Depth of the water used in the present invention is generally relatively shallow. As little as three inches or less depth of water may be used depending on the height from which the pentaohlorophenol is dropped or dispersed into the water.
- the height from which pentachlorophenol is introduced to the Water quench should be sufiiciently high to avoid splashing of the water on the pentachlo-rophenol inlet, but should not be so high as to cause the pentachlorophenol to drop to the bottom of the water container prior to its solidification. Generally, a one to two inch distance from the inlet to the surface of the water is appropriate. Contact with the container bottom prior to solidification may cause distortion of the shape of the pellets.
- Example I Molten pentachlorophenol at a temperature of about 200 degrees centigrade was dispersed dropwise into a water quench from a point immediately above the surface of liquid water having a temperature of about zero degrees centigrade. The depth of the water was about 3 inches. Solid pentachlorophenol pellets were removed from the water quench and upon examination were noted to be substantially spherical and of substantially uniform size.
- the shape of the pellets is somewhat dependent on the rate at which molten pentachlorophenol is introduced to the water quench. Dropwise addition is desired to obtain spherical particles. Too rapid pouring of the molten liquid generally resulted in pellets of irregular shape, such as rods, twins of spheroids, and the like. Thus, the rate of addition is easily regulated to give the desired shape.
- Example 11 In substantially the same manner as Example I pentachlorophenol was introduced to a water quench, said water at a temperature of about 4 degrees centigrade. Substantially similar results were obtained in that spherical substantially uniformly sized pentachlorophenol pellets were recovered from the water quench.
- Example III At a water temperature of about 8 degrees centigrade and using the method of Examples I and II substantially spherical, uniformly sized pentachlorophenol pellets were obtained.
- Example IV Experiments were run in accordance with the technique disclosed in Example I using water at 20, 25 and degrees centigrade, U.S.P. heavy mineral oil at 25 and 145 degrees centigrade, Dow Polyglycol P400 at 25 and degrees centigrade, Dow Polyglycol P-75O at 25 and 145 degrees centigrade, glycerine at 25 and 145 degrees centigrade, Dowanol DPM at 40, 25 and degrees centigrade, Dowano-l TPM at 30, 25 and 140 degrees centigrade, xylene at 25 and degrees centigrade, 1,1,2, 2-tetrachloroethane at 25 and 125 degrees centigrade, and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroetihane plus 0.18 percent by weight Aerosol MA 1 at 25 and 125 degrees centigrade as quenches.
- a method of forming substantially spherical pellets of pentachlorophenol which comprises, introducing molten pentachlorophenol dropwise into liquid water having a temperature of from about zero to about fifteen degrees centigrade, and removing substantially spherical pentachloro-phenol pellets from said liquid water.
- a method of forming substantially spherical pellets of pentachlorophenol which comprises, introducing molten pentachlorophenol dropwise into liquid water having a temperature of from about zero to about eight degrees centigrade, and removing substantially spherical pentachlorophenol pellets from said liquid water.
- a method of forming substantially spherical pellets of pentachlorophenol which comprises, introducing molten pentachlorophenol dropwise into liquid water having a temperature of from about zero to about four degrees centigrade, and removing substantially spherical pentachlorophenol pellets from said liquid water.
- a method of forming substantially spherical pellets of pentachlorophenol which comprises, introducing molten pentachlorophenol dropwise into liquid water having a temperature of about zero degrees centigrade, and
- Aeros0l MA is the sodium salt of the dihexyl ester of sulfosuccinic acid.
- a method of forming substantially spherical pellets of pentachlorophenol which comprises, introducing molten pentachlorophenol dropwise into liquid Water having a temperature of about four degrees centigrade, and removing substantially spherical pentaehlorophenol pellets from said liquid water.
- a method of forming substantially spherical pellets of pentachlorophenol which comprises, introducing molten pentachlorophenol dropwise into liquid water having a temperature of about eight degrees centigrade, and
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
Jan. 25, 1966 A. M. EDMUNDS METHOD OF PELLETING PENTACHLOROPHENOL Filed Oct. 5, 1962 VIA? m w T n Md E M .n 0,
BY /-m DMPEPE.
United States Patent 015 ice 3,231,641 Patented Jan. 25, 1966 Delaware Filed Oct. 5, 1962, Ser. No. 228,744 6 Claims. (Cl. 264-13) This invention relates to a method of forming substantially spherical pellets. More particularly, this invention relates to a method wherein pellets are formed by dispersing molten material into a cold liquid.
Many materials are diflicult to handle when in flake, bulk, or large chunk form. It is very desirable from a handling standpoint to have material available in pellets of relatively uniform size and shape. A number of methods have been proposed for the pelleting of pentachlorophenol. Most of these methods have, however, the disadvantage of requiring elaborate and expensive equipment.
Illustrated in the accompanying drawing is one embodiment of the method of the present invention.
It has now been discovered that when molten pentachlorophenol 6, as illustrated, is introduced dropwise into a water bath 10, said water bath being at a temperature of from about zero to about fifteen degrees centigrade, that substantially spherical uniformly sized pellets 12 of pentachlorophenol may be obtained.
In the process of the present invention molten pentachlorophenol maintained at a temperature close to its melting point is preferably provided, although higher temperatures may be used, if desired. Ordinarily a desirable water temperature would be in the range of from about zero to about fifteen degrees centigrade, a water temperature in the range of from about zero to about eight degrees centigrade is better, and temperatures in the range of from about zero to about four degrees centigrade are preferred.
Depth of the water used in the present invention is generally relatively shallow. As little as three inches or less depth of water may be used depending on the height from which the pentaohlorophenol is dropped or dispersed into the water. The height from which pentachlorophenol is introduced to the Water quench should be sufiiciently high to avoid splashing of the water on the pentachlo-rophenol inlet, but should not be so high as to cause the pentachlorophenol to drop to the bottom of the water container prior to its solidification. Generally, a one to two inch distance from the inlet to the surface of the water is appropriate. Contact with the container bottom prior to solidification may cause distortion of the shape of the pellets.
One of the inherent advantages of the process of the present invention is the simplicity of the equipment needed, only a shallow water quench being required.
The method of the present invention may be better understood in light of the following examples which are set forth to illustrate, and are not to be construed to limit, the present invention.
Example I Molten pentachlorophenol at a temperature of about 200 degrees centigrade was dispersed dropwise into a water quench from a point immediately above the surface of liquid water having a temperature of about zero degrees centigrade. The depth of the water was about 3 inches. Solid pentachlorophenol pellets were removed from the water quench and upon examination were noted to be substantially spherical and of substantially uniform size.
It has been discovered that the shape of the pellets is somewhat dependent on the rate at which molten pentachlorophenol is introduced to the water quench. Dropwise addition is desired to obtain spherical particles. Too rapid pouring of the molten liquid generally resulted in pellets of irregular shape, such as rods, twins of spheroids, and the like. Thus, the rate of addition is easily regulated to give the desired shape.
Example 11 In substantially the same manner as Example I pentachlorophenol was introduced to a water quench, said water at a temperature of about 4 degrees centigrade. Substantially similar results were obtained in that spherical substantially uniformly sized pentachlorophenol pellets were recovered from the water quench.
Example III At a water temperature of about 8 degrees centigrade and using the method of Examples I and II substantially spherical, uniformly sized pentachlorophenol pellets were obtained.
Example IV Experiments were run in accordance with the technique disclosed in Example I using water at 20, 25 and degrees centigrade, U.S.P. heavy mineral oil at 25 and 145 degrees centigrade, Dow Polyglycol P400 at 25 and degrees centigrade, Dow Polyglycol P-75O at 25 and 145 degrees centigrade, glycerine at 25 and 145 degrees centigrade, Dowanol DPM at 40, 25 and degrees centigrade, Dowano-l TPM at 30, 25 and 140 degrees centigrade, xylene at 25 and degrees centigrade, 1,1,2, 2-tetrachloroethane at 25 and 125 degrees centigrade, and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroetihane plus 0.18 percent by weight Aerosol MA 1 at 25 and 125 degrees centigrade as quenches.
Results obtained using the above as quenches were not satisfactory, the pellets having generally irregular shapes and somewhat dissimilar sizes.
Various modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope thereof, and it is to be understood that I limit myself only as defined in the appended claims.
I claim:
1. A method of forming substantially spherical pellets of pentachlorophenol which comprises, introducing molten pentachlorophenol dropwise into liquid water having a temperature of from about zero to about fifteen degrees centigrade, and removing substantially spherical pentachloro-phenol pellets from said liquid water.
2. A method of forming substantially spherical pellets of pentachlorophenol which comprises, introducing molten pentachlorophenol dropwise into liquid water having a temperature of from about zero to about eight degrees centigrade, and removing substantially spherical pentachlorophenol pellets from said liquid water.
3. A method of forming substantially spherical pellets of pentachlorophenol which comprises, introducing molten pentachlorophenol dropwise into liquid water having a temperature of from about zero to about four degrees centigrade, and removing substantially spherical pentachlorophenol pellets from said liquid water.
4. A method of forming substantially spherical pellets of pentachlorophenol which comprises, introducing molten pentachlorophenol dropwise into liquid water having a temperature of about zero degrees centigrade, and
Aeros0l MA is the sodium salt of the dihexyl ester of sulfosuccinic acid.
3 removing substantially spherical pentachlorophenol pellets from said liquid Water.
5. A method of forming substantially spherical pellets of pentachlorophenol which comprises, introducing molten pentachlorophenol dropwise into liquid Water having a temperature of about four degrees centigrade, and removing substantially spherical pentaehlorophenol pellets from said liquid water.
6. A method of forming substantially spherical pellets of pentachlorophenol which comprises, introducing molten pentachlorophenol dropwise into liquid water having a temperature of about eight degrees centigrade, and
removing substantially spherical pentachloro phenol pellets from said liquid water.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,393,383 10/1921 Linebarger 264-43 2,574,357 11/1951 Starnmer et a1. 264-13 XR 3,051,761 8/1962 MacBeth et a1 26O--623 3,123,855 3/1964 Fischer et al 182.7
ALEXANDER H. BRODMERKEL, Primary Examiner.
MORRIS LIEBMAN, Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. A METHOD OF FORMING SUBSTANTIALY SPHERICAL PELLETS OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL WHICH COMPRISES, INTRODUCING MOLTEN PENTACHLOROPHENOL DROPWISE INTO LIQUID WATER HAVING A TEMPERATURE OF FROM ABOUT ZERO TO ABOUT FIFTEEN DEGREES CENTIGRADE, AND REMOVING SUBSTANTIALLY SPHERICAL PENTACHLOROPHENOL PELLETS FROM SAID LIQUID WATER.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US228744A US3231641A (en) | 1962-10-05 | 1962-10-05 | Method of pelleting pentachlorophenol |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US228744A US3231641A (en) | 1962-10-05 | 1962-10-05 | Method of pelleting pentachlorophenol |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3231641A true US3231641A (en) | 1966-01-25 |
Family
ID=22858421
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US228744A Expired - Lifetime US3231641A (en) | 1962-10-05 | 1962-10-05 | Method of pelleting pentachlorophenol |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3231641A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3325858A (en) * | 1964-10-02 | 1967-06-20 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Sonic apparatus |
| US3516902A (en) * | 1966-07-19 | 1970-06-23 | Rhone Poulenc Sa | Spherules of 2-(n-morpholinothio) benzothiazole |
| US4035116A (en) * | 1976-09-10 | 1977-07-12 | Arthur D. Little, Inc. | Process and apparatus for forming essentially spherical pellets directly from a melt |
| US4056340A (en) * | 1976-07-01 | 1977-11-01 | The Upjohn Company | Prilling apparatus |
| FR2445168A1 (en) * | 1978-12-26 | 1980-07-25 | Charbonnages De France | Granulating bis (beta-hydroxyethyl thio)-decane - by collecting molten droplets in liquid, used as sensitiser for photographic emulsions |
| US20170050337A1 (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2017-02-23 | Melior Innovations, Inc. | Formation apparatus, systems and methods for manufacturing polymer derived ceramic structures |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1393383A (en) * | 1920-04-08 | 1921-10-11 | Charles E Linebarger | Method and apparatus for making small balls or pellets |
| US2574357A (en) * | 1948-05-05 | 1951-11-06 | Continental Can Co | Method of and apparatus for forming solder pellets |
| US3051761A (en) * | 1958-06-02 | 1962-08-28 | Dow Chemical Co | Process for making pentachlorophenol |
| US3123855A (en) * | 1961-04-28 | 1964-03-10 | Apparatus for converting fusible materials |
-
1962
- 1962-10-05 US US228744A patent/US3231641A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1393383A (en) * | 1920-04-08 | 1921-10-11 | Charles E Linebarger | Method and apparatus for making small balls or pellets |
| US2574357A (en) * | 1948-05-05 | 1951-11-06 | Continental Can Co | Method of and apparatus for forming solder pellets |
| US3051761A (en) * | 1958-06-02 | 1962-08-28 | Dow Chemical Co | Process for making pentachlorophenol |
| US3123855A (en) * | 1961-04-28 | 1964-03-10 | Apparatus for converting fusible materials |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3325858A (en) * | 1964-10-02 | 1967-06-20 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Sonic apparatus |
| US3516902A (en) * | 1966-07-19 | 1970-06-23 | Rhone Poulenc Sa | Spherules of 2-(n-morpholinothio) benzothiazole |
| US4056340A (en) * | 1976-07-01 | 1977-11-01 | The Upjohn Company | Prilling apparatus |
| US4035116A (en) * | 1976-09-10 | 1977-07-12 | Arthur D. Little, Inc. | Process and apparatus for forming essentially spherical pellets directly from a melt |
| FR2445168A1 (en) * | 1978-12-26 | 1980-07-25 | Charbonnages De France | Granulating bis (beta-hydroxyethyl thio)-decane - by collecting molten droplets in liquid, used as sensitiser for photographic emulsions |
| US20170050337A1 (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2017-02-23 | Melior Innovations, Inc. | Formation apparatus, systems and methods for manufacturing polymer derived ceramic structures |
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