US3868754A - Method of manufacturing a finned-tube heat exchanger - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing a finned-tube heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3868754A US3868754A US424722A US42472273A US3868754A US 3868754 A US3868754 A US 3868754A US 424722 A US424722 A US 424722A US 42472273 A US42472273 A US 42472273A US 3868754 A US3868754 A US 3868754A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- fins
- thin
- cylindrical member
- manufacturing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
- B21C37/154—Making multi-wall tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
- B21C37/20—Making helical or similar guides in or on tubes without removing material, e.g. by drawing same over mandrels, by pushing same through dies ; Making tubes with angled walls, ribbed tubes and tubes with decorated walls
- B21C37/205—Making helical or similar guides in or on tubes without removing material, e.g. by drawing same over mandrels, by pushing same through dies ; Making tubes with angled walls, ribbed tubes and tubes with decorated walls with annular guides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
- F28F1/30—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means being attachable to the element
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/082—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49377—Tube with heat transfer means
- Y10T29/49378—Finned tube
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49885—Assembling or joining with coating before or during assembling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
- Y10T29/4994—Radially expanding internal tube
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a finned tube for use as a heat exchanger and more particularly to the manufacturing of a finned tube having a thin-walled'pipe made of aluminium covering the tube proper.
- the finned tube conventionally used for recovering thermal energy from a'high temperature waste gas prior to its discharge from boilers, heating furnaces and the like, usually comprises a tube made of steel and fins arranged on a cylindrical member which covers the tube proper, both the cylindrical member and the fins being made of cast iron, said metals being resistant against to fitting to the exterior periphery of the tube proper.
- the cylindrical member then shrinks as it cools off after fitting to the exterior periphery of the tube proper, the contact between the cylindrical member and the tube gets closer as the result. Also, this shrink fitting method is liable to cause the generation of oxide layers inside the cylindrical member which results in the increase of heat resistance at the contact region between the tube proper and the cylindrical member leading to a decrease in the heat transmitting efficiency of the finned tube.
- the main object of the present invention is to correct the defects of conventional finned tubes as described by providing a method for manufacturing a finned tube which is highly effective for thermal transmitting, said method comprising covering a steel tube with a thinwalled pipe made of aluminium, said metal being characterized by softness, high thermal expansion coefficient and good heat conductivity.
- both the cylindricalmember and the fins being made of cast iron, allowing a thorough adhesion of the thin-wall pipe covering the tube proper to the inside surface of the cylindrical member by way of cold working which expands the tube proper beginning with the expansion of diameter therein, so as to obtain perfect contact between the thin-wall tube covering the tube proper and the cylindrical member thus giving an excellent heat conductivity or heat exchanging capacity to the produced finned tube.
- FIG. 1 shows a partially-cutaway elevational view of the finned tube in the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a, partially magnified sectional view of the finned tube in the present invention.
- numeral 11 designates the tube proper made of steel, outer periphery which is covered with a thin-wall pipe 12 made of alminium having high thermal expansion coefficient, good heat conductivity and softness.
- Numeral 13 designates a number of fins side by side at a fixed interval on the outer periphery of the cylindrical member 14, the cylindrical member 14 being 2 fixed on the afore-mentioned thin-wall pipe 12 which covers the tube proper 11.
- An annular groove 17 is also formed on the sides of partitions so that one groove of one partition may contact with the other groove of the adjoining partition as in the case of said projecting annulus 15 and annular recess 16, said grooves playing the role of adding closeness to the connection of said partitions with each other.
- numeral 19 designates another annular projection formed inside the cylindrical member 14 at one end thereof and'numeral 20 designates a space provided between said annular projection 19 and one end of the thin-wall pipe 12.
- a space is provided between the outer periphery of the thin-wall pipe 12 covering the tube properll and the interior periphery of the cylindrical member 14 to allow for the expansion of the tube proper.
- the finned tube of the present invention is assembled as follows:
- the character of the thin-wall pipe -12 made of soft metal as afore-mentioned is advantageous for making the contact closer.
- Another character of the thin-wall pipe 12 is that it is high in heating expansion coefficient which also adds to the adhesiveness of the thin-wall pipe 12 incontacting with the tube proper ll and also with the cylindrical member 14.
- the finned tube-manufacturing method in the present invention also is advantageous because there are no problem for the size of fins except that the size of fins is to be decided only in relation with the mechanical durability of the fins.
- the shrink fitting in the conventional method needs a larger thermal area and accordingly it is necessary to make fins as large as possible.
- a method for manufacturing a finned tube as a heat exchanger comprising the steps of: providing as an inner tube a tube which is made of steel; covering said inner tube with a thin-walled pipe made of aluminum having the properties of softness, high heating expan- 2.
- the method as claimed in claim 1 including disposing a plurality of outer cylindrical tubes in side by side i I relationship each member having formed therein an annular projection on one side and a space to receive said projection on the other side, the projections being fitted into the corresponding spaces.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
A method for manufacturing a finned tube as a heat exchanger. A thin-walled pipe of aluminum is used to cover the tube proper and cold working is employed instead of conventional shrink fitting of the tube to a cylindrical member on which fins are arranged. The method makes it possible to reduce the size and weight of fins, makes the fitting closer and prevents the generation of oxide layers inside the cylindrical member.
Description
United States Patent [1 1 Kawano [11] 3,868,754 [451' Mar. 4, 1975 1 METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A FlNNED-TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER [76] Inventor: Hatsuo Kawano, No. 3330, Kagata,
Kawachinagano-shi, Osaka-fu, Japan [22] Filed: Dec. 14,1973
[21] Appl. No: 424,722
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Sept. 21. 1973 Japan 48-10763 [52] U.S. Cl 29/l57.3 A, 29/157.3 V, 29/458, 29/523 [51] Int. Cl BZld 53/02, 1323p 15/26 [58] Field of Search 29/157.3 A, 157.3 V, 458,
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,494,128 5/1924 Primrose 29/1573 A 1,741,217 12/1929 Winslow .-29/157.4 X 1,952,896 3/1934 Rudorff 165/180 2,064,461 12/1936 Chilton et a1. 165/133 X 2,396,730 3/1946 Whitfield 29/1573 A 3.185.756 5/1965 Allison 29/l57.3 B 3,467,180 9/1969 Pensotti 29/1573 A FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLlCATlONS 850,058 9/1960 Great Britain 29/1573 A Primary E.\'aminerC. W. Lanham Assistant Examiner-D. C. Reiley, I11 Attorney, Agent, or FirmGeorge B. Oujevolk 1 ABSTRACT A method for manufacturing a finned tube as a heat exchanger. A thin-walled pipe of aluminum is used to cover the tube proper and cold working is employed insteadof conventional shrink fitting 'of the tube to a cylindrical member on which fins are arranged. The method makes it possible to reduce the size and weight of fins, makes the fitting closer and prevents the generation of oxide layers inside the cylindrical member.
2 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures METHOD OF MANUFACTURING FlNNED-TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a finned tube for use as a heat exchanger and more particularly to the manufacturing of a finned tube having a thin-walled'pipe made of aluminium covering the tube proper.
The finned tube, conventionally used for recovering thermal energy from a'high temperature waste gas prior to its discharge from boilers, heating furnaces and the like, usually comprises a tube made of steel and fins arranged on a cylindrical member which covers the tube proper, both the cylindrical member and the fins being made of cast iron, said metals being resistant against to fitting to the exterior periphery of the tube proper.
The cylindrical member then shrinks as it cools off after fitting to the exterior periphery of the tube proper, the contact between the cylindrical member and the tube gets closer as the result. Also, this shrink fitting method is liable to cause the generation of oxide layers inside the cylindrical member which results in the increase of heat resistance at the contact region between the tube proper and the cylindrical member leading to a decrease in the heat transmitting efficiency of the finned tube.
The main object of the present invention is to correct the defects of conventional finned tubes as described by providing a method for manufacturing a finned tube which is highly effective for thermal transmitting, said method comprising covering a steel tube with a thinwalled pipe made of aluminium, said metal being characterized by softness, high thermal expansion coefficient and good heat conductivity. Fitting thereon a cylindrical member on which fins are arranged, both the cylindricalmember and the fins being made of cast iron, allowing a thorough adhesion of the thin-wall pipe covering the tube proper to the inside surface of the cylindrical member by way of cold working which expands the tube proper beginning with the expansion of diameter therein, so as to obtain perfect contact between the thin-wall tube covering the tube proper and the cylindrical member thus giving an excellent heat conductivity or heat exchanging capacity to the produced finned tube.
A preferred embodiment for the invention is described herein taken together with the annexed drawing in which:
FIG. 1 shows a partially-cutaway elevational view of the finned tube in the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a, partially magnified sectional view of the finned tube in the present invention.
In FIGS. l and 2, numeral 11 designates the tube proper made of steel, outer periphery which is covered with a thin-wall pipe 12 made of alminium having high thermal expansion coefficient, good heat conductivity and softness.
Numeral 13 designates a number of fins side by side at a fixed interval on the outer periphery of the cylindrical member 14, the cylindrical member 14 being 2 fixed on the afore-mentioned thin-wall pipe 12 which covers the tube proper 11.
When the tube proper 11 is lengthy enough for the cylindrical member 14 to be divided into several partitions, all the partitions are connected with each other by means of a projecting annulus l5 inside one partition on one side thereof and an annular recess 16 inside the other partition also on one side thereof so that the projecting annulus 15 may be inserted fittingly into the annular recess 16 so as to firmly connect the two partitions with each other, a similar method being applied to each succeeding portion one by one to bring the rest of the partitions together as with said two partitions into perfect unity. In this case, an annular packing 18 made of alminium, lead and the like having softness, and heat resistability is provided in the annular recess 16 to prevent possible infiltration of gas and the like through the joint of partitions. An annular groove 17 is also formed on the sides of partitions so that one groove of one partition may contact with the other groove of the adjoining partition as in the case of said projecting annulus 15 and annular recess 16, said grooves playing the role of adding closeness to the connection of said partitions with each other.
In FIG. 1, numeral 19 designates another annular projection formed inside the cylindrical member 14 at one end thereof and'numeral 20 designates a space provided between said annular projection 19 and one end of the thin-wall pipe 12.
A space is provided between the outer periphery of the thin-wall pipe 12 covering the tube properll and the interior periphery of the cylindrical member 14 to allow for the expansion of the tube proper.
The finned tube of the present invention is assembled as follows:
Cover the tube proper 11 with the thin-wall pipe 12 ,on which the cylindrical member 14 as the base of said fins is fitted, thence expand the tube proper 11 internallyby'way of letting a die therethrough thereby letting the tube proper 11 press upon the interior surface of the thin-wall pipe 12. The thin-wall pipe 12 expanding as the result makes a forced contact with the interior surface of the cylindrical member 14 at the base of the fins.
In this process, the character of the thin-wall pipe -12 made of soft metal as afore-mentioned is advantageous for making the contact closer. Another character of the thin-wall pipe 12 is that it is high in heating expansion coefficient which also adds to the adhesiveness of the thin-wall pipe 12 incontacting with the tube proper ll and also with the cylindrical member 14.
The generation of oxide layers as in case of shrink fitting as mentioned hereinbefore will be prevented in the cold working method adopted in the present invention.
The finned tube-manufacturing method in the present invention also is advantageous because there are no problem for the size of fins except that the size of fins is to be decided only in relation with the mechanical durability of the fins. The shrink fitting in the conventional method needs a larger thermal area and accordingly it is necessary to make fins as large as possible.
What is claimed is:
1. A method for manufacturing a finned tube as a heat exchanger comprising the steps of: providing as an inner tube a tube which is made of steel; covering said inner tube with a thin-walled pipe made of aluminum having the properties of softness, high heating expan- 2. The method as claimed in claim 1 including disposing a plurality of outer cylindrical tubes in side by side i I relationship each member having formed therein an annular projection on one side and a space to receive said projection on the other side, the projections being fitted into the corresponding spaces.
Claims (2)
1. A method for manufacturing a finned tube as a heat exchanger comprising the steps of: providing as an inner tube a tube which is made of steel; covering said inner tube with a thin-walled pipe made of aluminum having the properties of softness, high heating expansion coefficient and good thermal conductivity; fitting thereonto a cylindrical outer tube on which fins are arrangEd, both the cylindrical outer tube and the fins being made of cast iron; and internally expanding the inner tube by cold working so as to adhesively contact the thin-walled pipe with the inner tube which in turn then contacts the outer cylindrical member.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 including disposing a plurality of outer cylindrical tubes in side by side relationship each member having formed therein an annular projection on one side and a space to receive said projection on the other side, the projections being fitted into the corresponding spaces.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1076373 | 1973-09-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3868754A true US3868754A (en) | 1975-03-04 |
Family
ID=11759358
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US424722A Expired - Lifetime US3868754A (en) | 1973-09-21 | 1973-12-14 | Method of manufacturing a finned-tube heat exchanger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3868754A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4337824A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1982-07-06 | Amtrol | Double wall heat exchanger |
| EP0123923A1 (en) * | 1983-03-31 | 1984-11-07 | Zaklady Urzadzen Chemicznych METALCHEM im. Wladyslawa Planetorza | A method of drawing ribs on tubes |
| US4546819A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1985-10-15 | Amtrol Inc. | Double wall heat exchanger |
| US5461766A (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1995-10-31 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Method for integrally packaging an integrated circuit with a heat transfer apparatus |
| US5637921A (en) * | 1995-04-21 | 1997-06-10 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Sub-ambient temperature electronic package |
| US6029742A (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 2000-02-29 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Heat exchanger for electronic equipment |
| WO2001018473A1 (en) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-03-15 | Sunpower, Inc. | Heat exchanger and method of constructing same |
| US20070266714A1 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-11-22 | Andreas Fiedler | Heat exchanger assembly |
| CN106767096A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江久立特材科技股份有限公司 | A kind of corrosion resistant alloy finned tube and manufacture method |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1494128A (en) * | 1921-06-11 | 1924-05-13 | Power Specialty Co | Method and apparatus for expanding tubes |
| US1741217A (en) * | 1921-10-29 | 1929-12-31 | Foster Wheeler Corp | Superheater tube and method of making same |
| US1952896A (en) * | 1932-04-28 | 1934-03-27 | Superheater Co Ltd | Tubular member for heat exchangers |
| US2064461A (en) * | 1936-03-17 | 1936-12-15 | Reed Propeller Co Inc | Cylinder fin construction |
| US2396730A (en) * | 1941-10-24 | 1946-03-19 | Al Fin Corp | Coating metal |
| US3185756A (en) * | 1960-05-02 | 1965-05-25 | Cool Fin Electronics Corp | Heat-dissipating tube shield |
| US3467180A (en) * | 1965-04-14 | 1969-09-16 | Franco Pensotti | Method of making a composite heat-exchanger tube |
-
1973
- 1973-12-14 US US424722A patent/US3868754A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1494128A (en) * | 1921-06-11 | 1924-05-13 | Power Specialty Co | Method and apparatus for expanding tubes |
| US1741217A (en) * | 1921-10-29 | 1929-12-31 | Foster Wheeler Corp | Superheater tube and method of making same |
| US1952896A (en) * | 1932-04-28 | 1934-03-27 | Superheater Co Ltd | Tubular member for heat exchangers |
| US2064461A (en) * | 1936-03-17 | 1936-12-15 | Reed Propeller Co Inc | Cylinder fin construction |
| US2396730A (en) * | 1941-10-24 | 1946-03-19 | Al Fin Corp | Coating metal |
| US3185756A (en) * | 1960-05-02 | 1965-05-25 | Cool Fin Electronics Corp | Heat-dissipating tube shield |
| US3467180A (en) * | 1965-04-14 | 1969-09-16 | Franco Pensotti | Method of making a composite heat-exchanger tube |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4337824A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1982-07-06 | Amtrol | Double wall heat exchanger |
| EP0123923A1 (en) * | 1983-03-31 | 1984-11-07 | Zaklady Urzadzen Chemicznych METALCHEM im. Wladyslawa Planetorza | A method of drawing ribs on tubes |
| US4546819A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1985-10-15 | Amtrol Inc. | Double wall heat exchanger |
| US5461766A (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1995-10-31 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Method for integrally packaging an integrated circuit with a heat transfer apparatus |
| US5815921A (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1998-10-06 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Electronic package cooling system and heat sink with heat transfer assembly |
| US6029742A (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 2000-02-29 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Heat exchanger for electronic equipment |
| US5637921A (en) * | 1995-04-21 | 1997-06-10 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Sub-ambient temperature electronic package |
| WO2001018473A1 (en) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-03-15 | Sunpower, Inc. | Heat exchanger and method of constructing same |
| US6446336B1 (en) * | 1999-09-03 | 2002-09-10 | Sunpower, Inc. | Heat exchanger and method of constructing same |
| US20070266714A1 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-11-22 | Andreas Fiedler | Heat exchanger assembly |
| CN106767096A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江久立特材科技股份有限公司 | A kind of corrosion resistant alloy finned tube and manufacture method |
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