US481273A - Rhe noh - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets- Sheet 1.

y 0-1?. A. CONVERT. EYDEOGAEBoN-BUENEE'AND DEVICE EOE AUTOMATIGALLY FEEDING THE SAME.

Patented Aug. 23, 1892.

(No Model.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets--Sheetl 2.

C. F. A. CONVERT.

HYDROCARBON BURNER AND DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIGALLY FEEDING THE SAME.

No. 481,273. Patented Aug. 23, 1892.

Imam

CHARLES F. ADOLF CONVERT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS., ASSIGNOR TO THE LIQUID CARBONIC ACID MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OFSAME PLACE.

HYDROCARBON-BURNER AND DEVICE FOR AUTOMATICALLY FEEDING THE SAME.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 481,273, dated .August 23;, 1892.

Application iiled .Tune 30, 1 8 91 T all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES FREDERIC ADOLF` CONVERT, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented 5 certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Burners and Devices forAutomatically Feeding the Same; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had Io to the accompanyingdrawings,and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to automatic regulating devices applied, primarily, to apparatus I5 used in the manufacture of gas where oil is the fuel and is supplied to the combustionchamber by an oil-burner; but may also be used in apparatus supplied with oil-burners placed under steam-boilers and for similar 2o purposes.

The invention consists in the novel devices and combination of devices illustrated in the drawings, described in the specification, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In said drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of an apparatus embodying my invention, showing the steam-boiler connections. Fig. 2 is a central vertical sectional view, en-

larged, of the regulating` device proper. Fig. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the burner. Fig. 4. is a view similar to that shown in Fig. l, representing the apparatus as applied to a gas-making retort. Fig. 5

illustrates in a sectional view, enlarged, the regulating device proper, showing the slight modification therein when the regulator is employed in the apparatus shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the burner, partiallyin section, showing the pipe connections and the pipes leading thereto. Fig. 7 is a rear View of the latter.

Iwill first describe the invention in connection with a steam-boiler, as is shown in Figs.

l, 2, and 3.

Let A represent the boiler mounted in the usual masonry a, provided with a fire-front a and doors ai.

B is the burner as a whole, which supplies oil as a fuel to a suitable combustion-chamber beneath the boiler. The burner B is con- Serial No. 398,007. (No model.)

nected to the fire-front a by means ofthe bolts and nuts b b', said bolts passing through suitable openings in the projecting lugs 1930 the burner and through the said fire-fronte.

C is a tank or other suitable source of oilsupply, from which the oil in said tank C is conveyed through the pipe c to the burner B, one end of said pipe c being connected with the said burner and the other end being in- 6o serted Within the tank, as shown in Fig. l.

c is a suitable pipe through which air is forced, in the manner hereinafter explained, into the chamber C, therein exerting a pressure upon the contents of the said chamberor tank C. It will thus be obvious that the oil in the tank C will be fed by the pressure exerted upon it into and through the pipe c to the burner B, and that if the oil be ignited at the burner a draft will be caused and a suction 7o created in the pipe c, which will furthertend to draw the oil from the tankCto the burner. Thus the burner B will at all times be supplied with fuel.

D is what -I have termed a reservoir or condensen It is mounted conveniently upon a suit-able standard d, and is supplied with steam and air through whatI have chosen to call a blower77 E. rlhe water of condensation may from time to time be drained oif 8o through the cock d. A gage d2 Will disclose the amount of pressure in the reservoir D.

A pipe d3. will convey some of the steam and air from the reservoir D to the oil-burner B, for the purpose hereinafter specilied. A second pipe d4 will convey air from the reser- Voir D into the pipe c', which, as before explained, opens into the tank C and exerts a pressure upon the contents of the tank. The steam which does not pass through the pipe 9o d3 'is condensed in the reservoir D, and so only air will pass out through the pipe d4 to the tank, and also at a greatly-reduced pressure, as will be hereinafter explained.

F is the regulator proper. It is connected at f with the top of the blowerE. A pipe f', one end of which is connected to the steamdome of the boiler A, as shown, and the other end of which is connected at f2 to the regulater, conveys steam from the said boiler to ma the said regulator. I

Looking more particularly now at Fig. 2, I

describe the construction of the regulator F, as follows: F is a piston working within the cylindrical housingf3 of the regulator, to actuate the valve F2 by means of the valve-stem f, which passes through the valve-seat f5 and the valve-chamber F3. The pipef connects at f2 with the valve-chamber F3 and supplies steam thereto while the pipe f connects the valve-chamber F3 with the uppermost portion of the blowerE, as clearly shown. A cup-shaped cap FA1 is secured to the outer end of the housing f2 by screw-threads or other convenient means. XVithiu said cap F4 and the outer end of the hollow-shaped piston F is an expansion-spring F5, which is so set or adjusted as to normally cause the valve F2 to be open--that is, to stand away from the valve-seat fi in the position shown in Fig. 2 and thus permit steam to pass through the pipef, the Valve-chamber F2, and out through the pipef. The operation of this is as follows: The springr F5 being adjusted to any desired tension and the valve F2 being open and away from the valve-seat f5, as shown, steam from the steam-boiler A will pass into the valve-chamber Fii and out in two directions, one being through the passage-way fm into the chamber]C15 and the other being through the valve-seat f4 and out through the pipe j'. Then the pressure of the steam thus entering the chamber f15 becomes greater than the adjusted tension of the spring F5,it overcomes the force of said spring and, pressing against the piston-head F', compresses the spring F5 and closes the valve F2 against the valve-seat f5 in an obvious manner. Steam being thus cut off from the supply-pipe f, it follows that no steam can pass into the blower E nor into the reservoir D nor through d3 to the burner, nor can any air pass out of the reservoir I) through the pipes d4 c into the oil-supply tank C. Thus the pressure on the oil and the suction at the burner being diminished the oil will not dow readily or at all through the pipe cto the burner B,and hence the fire beneath the boiler is reduced, and steam is therefore not generated in the boiler beyond the desired pressure or extent. IVhen, however, the pressure of steam in the boiler lessens, the pressure in the chamber ff on the piston-head F correspondingly diminishes until it is less than the pressure exerted by the spring F5, whereupon said spring automatically expands, opens the valve F2 and steam is thus permitted to pass again through the valve-chamber F2 out through the supplypipe f to again do its work. 'I thus have the steam generated in the boiler by means of heat produced from an oil exerting an iniuence upon the contents of an oilsupply tank to force the oil to the said burner, automatically checking the supply of oil, in the manner heretofore described, when the work is progressing too rapidly and automatically renewing the supply of oil to the burner when the work diminishes. As this regulator, however, may be operated by gas as well as by steam, I have illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 the slightly-modified form of construction that will be necessary to employ when the regulator is supplied with gas, the illustration chosen being that of a closed gas-generator to which oil is supplied for the purpose of making fuel-gas and from which the gas thus generated is fed to my improved regulator. In said Fig. 4 let G represent a suitable gas-retort to which the oil to be burned therein and converted into gas is supplied to the burner B by means of the pipe c from the tank C, in the same manner as heretofore explained. The gas generated in said retort G passes ont through an overflow-pipe g and thence to a delivery-pipe g. From this delivery-pipe g is a branch pipe g2, the lower end of which connects with the shell f3 of the regulator at g3, whereby gas may be furnished to the chamber fm. In this application of the regulator the passage-way f, surrounding the valvestem f4, is closed by means of a glandj116 and a paekingf, so arranged in any familiar manner as to permit the valve-rod f4 to be moved longitudinallytherethrough and at the same time to prevent steam from the valve-chamber F3 passing through the passage-way f 14 and into the chamber fm, as heretofore explained. The other parts of the regulator and the mode of operation thereof are precisely the same as heretofore explained, with this exception: that when the pressure of gas in the delivery-pipe g exceeds the regulated pressure or tension of the spring F5, the force of the latter is overcome by the pressure of said gas in the chamberfl, the piston F is moved and the valve F2 is closed, as before explained, and upon the lessening of said pressure of gas the spring F5 automatically expands, as in the former instance, the valve seat f5 is opened, andv steam is again allowed to pass into the pipef.

As a further improvementin automaticallyregulated oil-burning devices I will describe the construction of a burner which by practice I have den'ionstrated is required for producin g successful and practical results. Such a burner is illustrated more particularly in Fig. 3, the connections being those employed when the burner is applied beneath a steamboiler and the regulator is operated by steam from the said boiler. Said burner consists, primarily, of the outer housing or shell B, made in a single piece or part and provided with suitable inlet air-passages b4, located in the rear portion of the shell, and with somewhat closed bottle-shaped mouth b5 at the end opposite the air passages Zf. Projecting through the rear wall of the shell B and preferably secured thereto by screw-threads is a two-part tube I'I, the forward part or end h of which forms a nozzle and is conveniently secured to the part II in a familiar manner, as shown at h. The rear end of the tube Il is shown.

ICO

IIO

through the cap h2 and extends into the chamber 714 of the lpart h. The tube H is provided at its forward end with radial feathers or wings h5, which act as bearings and guides for the forward end of the tube H. The said tube H is provided exteriorly at 71.6 71.7 with screw-threads, Athe former of which engage a centrally-projecting annular screwthreaded flange in the tube H, whereby the tube H may be adjusted within the said tube H. A jam-n ut hs engages the screw-threads 7i7 and locks the tube H against the cap-nut h2. The extreme rear end of the tube I-l is screwthreaded and enters the interiorly screw-l threaded forward end of a cap connection H2 and is locked in position therein by a janinut 7L, which in turn incloses a suitable packing-ring or gasket 72-10 in a familiar manner.

H3 is a rod placed within the tube H, screwthreaded at its rear end and adapted to engage screw-threads in a recess hu in the rear end of the connection H2. Near the forward end of the said rod H3, I provide wings hn, similar to the wings 715 of the tube H, whereby the forward end of said rod H3 is guided within the forward end of the tube H as a bearing. The extreme outer end of the rod H3 is enlarged similar to the head of a screw, as clearly shown at 7tlg. The largest diameter of the head 7tlg is such as to permit the head to fit nicely within the interior of the tube H and at the saine time afford the oil in said tube H an opportunity to pass out of said tube between the mouth thereof and this cone-shaped end 7L13. The shape of the end 7L13 is such as to cause the oil to pass from the end of the tube H in an outwardly-extendin g circle, and the nozzle 7i is provided at its end with an opening hn, which opening has outwardlyopening walls, the general direction of which are parallel with the sides of the head hw and the smallest diameter of which is the same as the greatest diameter of the said head. Oil is admitted to the burner from the supply-pipec at I andpasses into andthrough the tubeH and around the rod H3. Steam and air pass from the reservoir D through the pipe C73 and enter the tube H at I', passing through said pipe, around the tube H, and out through the nozzle 7L and the opening hm. It will be observed that the interiorof the nozzle himmediately adjacent to the inner end ofthe opening 77,14 is in the form of an annular shoulder 72.15. The tube H is so adj usted with respect to the nozzle 7L, as previously explained, as to leave a passage-way hw between the shoulder 7t15 and the outer end of the tube H. It will be obvious, therefore, that the steam and air which pass from the interior of the tube H wili pass into the opening 7t14 through the passage-way -7t16 and in so doing will cross the path of the oil that issues from the interior of the tube H. The object of this particular construction is to aord a complete steam spray for the oil and thus subdivide the latter and thereby facilitate its combustion and the realization of the maximum quantity of heat-units therein.- AAir being drawn in by suction through the opening b4 unites with the sprayed oil in the opening b5 and combustion takes place at this point. It will be observed that by means of a slot 7L17 in the end of the rod I-l3 the latter may be adjusted by means of its screw-threaded end 7L without dismembering the entire burner. It will also be observed that the adjustment of the tube H with respect to the tube H may also be accomplished without dismembering the burner, and, further, that the two tubes H and H may be adjusted simultaneously with respect to the housing B before requiring any adjustment with each other--that is to say, the tube H having been adjusted in tube H, no further adjustment will be required when the tube .H is adjusted in the housing Bj In the construction shown in Fig. 6 the airholes 774 may be omitted, and air or air and steam taken in through the opening I2. In this case the opening l2 is connected by the pipe I3 wit-h the upper portion of the reservoir D. By introducing the steam and air, or heated air if the steam be condensed, around the pipe H, I manage to keep the latter warm and thus tend to produce a suction within the same and thus draw the oil through the pipe c from the tank C. This, in addition to the pressure exerted on the oil in the tank, will cause the burner to be constantly supplied with the proper quantity of oil for fuel.

In the blower E, e is an opening through which air is taken by means of suction, the pipe f bending and passing downwardlyin the blower E below the mouth of the opening e. I find it advantageous to furnish air to the pipes C74 c and into the tank C at a greatlyreduced pressure from that exerted by the steam and air as it comes into the reservoir D. By having the outlet-pipe d3 to the oilburner lower than the outlet-pipe C74, by reason of the short connection of the burner with the reservoir as against the long connection of the latter with the oil-tank, and by reason of the expansion of the steam in the reservoir and the condensation that takes place therein, I find that the boiler-pressure is reduced fully one-sixth in the oil-tank. Thus if I have a pressure of sixty pounds in the boiler the air-pressure in the tank C is only ten pounds. If it is inconvenient to have the pipes c4 c very much greater in length than the pipe C73, I may subject the pipes d4 c to a cooling medium-as, for example, by having cold water from a hydrant-faucet trickling down on the pipe. Thus any steam which may find its way from the reservoir D into the pipe d4 is condensed.

I regard the reduction of the steam-pressure and the supplying of the air to the oiltank at a reduced pressure, as described, a very important factor in the successful operation of an automatic regulating apparatus.

It will be observed that the rod H3 may be adjusted within the oil-pipe H from the front end thereof without dismemberin g the burner,

IOO

but that such adjustment does not regulate the supply of oil through the tube I'I for the reason that there is no seat or part corresponding to a Valve-seat against which the conical end of the rod can be forced and thus the moving of the rod longitudinally within the tube leaves the same space between the outer edge of the rod end and the interior of the tube at all times. It will further be noted that the flanges or wings 7tlg, near the ends of the rod, properly guide the same and prevent the rod becoming bent, thusinsuring the exit of the oil from the oil-tube at all times in a complete circle.

I claim as my invention- 1. An oil-burner regulating device consisting of an automatically-operated valve communicating at one end with a source of steam or gas supply and con'nnunicating at the other end with a suitable reservoir, of suitable pipes connecting said reservoir with the source of fuel-supply and with an oil-burner, and a pipe or pipes connecting said oil-burner with said source of fuel-supply, substantially as specilied.

2. In an oil-burning device, the combination ot' a burner connected with a suitable source of oil-supply, a reservoir connected at one end with an air and steam inlet blower and at its other end with the said burner and the oilsupply tank, a blower for supplying steam and air to the said reservoir, and an automatic regulating device controlling the inlet of steam to said blower, substantially as specified.

3. The combination of the housing provided with an air-inlet and a discharge-nozzle and adapted for rigid attachment to a furnacefront, the steam and air tube Il, adjustably secured therein and projecting beyond the outer end of the housing, said tube terminating at its inner end in a fiaring dischargenozzle, an oil-tube Il', adjustably secured in tube Il and projecting beyond the outer` end thereof, and a rod adj ustably secured within the oil-tube and having its exposed inner end shaped to receive an adjusting-tool, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the housing provided at its inner end with a discharge-opening and at its outer end with an air-inlet and a tapped hole, the steam and air tube H, threaded between its ends to engage said tapped hole, said tube terminating at its inner end within the housing in a flaring discharge-nozzle and having at its outer end a female thread, the oil-tube Il', threaded between its ends to engage the female thread of tube I-I, and provided at its closed outer end with a threaded socket and a rod threaded at its outer end to engage said socket, and provided at its inner end with an enlarged head slotted to receive a screw-driver, substantially as described.

5. In an oil-burnin g apparatus, the combination of the boiler A and burner B, reservoir D, blower E, regulator F, and oil-supply tank C, the pipe d3, connecting the burner'with the reservoir, the pipes d4 c', connecting the latter with the tank C, the pipe c, connecting the tank with the burner, the pipe f', connecting the regulator with the boiler, all operating substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. A device for regulating oil-burners, coniprising a burner, a supply-tank connected therewith,a reservoir,also connected with said burner, a steam-supply pipe provided with an automatically-regulating valve and leading to a blower having an air-inlet, said blower being connected with said reservoir, and suitable connections whereby the several parts operate, as described, to feed steam and air under pressure to the burner and to feed air underalesserpressureto thesi1pply-tank,sub stantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I aliix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

C. F. ADOLF CONVERT.

Witnesses:

IRVINE MILLER, TAYLOR E. nowN.

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