US537451A - Condensing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

. W. P. HAWLEY.

GONDENSING APPARATUS;

No. 537,451. Patented Apr. 16, 1895.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Wm. HAWLEY. GONDENSING APPARATUS.

No. 537,451. Patented Apr. 16, 1895.

mnwlmnunum w i W wibma a (No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3.

W. PAHAWLEY.

GONDENSING APPARATUS.

Patented Apr. 16, 1895.

UNITED STATES PATENT i OFFi CIE.

WILLARD P. I-IAWLEY, OF OREGON CITY, OREGON.

CONDENSING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent No. 537,451, dated April 16, 1895.

Application filed July 5,1894. Serial No. 516,599. (No model.)

To aZ Z whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLARD P. HAWLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oregon City, in the county of Olackamas and State of Oregon, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Condensing Apparatus; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in means for removing the water, steam and air from, for instance, drying cylinders and also maintaining a vacuum in the cylinder and creating a vacuum on the exhaust of the steam engine that operates the machinery and exhausts its steam into the aforesaid drying cylinders, by keeping the driers free from water and preventing back pressure and creating a vacuum. I aim to effect a material saving in steam and fuel. The invention is applicable to other uses than for that above mentioned. In all instances however I maintain a vacuum, condense all the steam and return the hot water to the boilers; and this without the assistance of any vacuum pump.

In the present application I have shown some of the various applications of the invention, but do not intend to restrict myself to such applications.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter appear and the novel features thereof will be specifically defined by the appended claims.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which, with the letters of reference marked thereon, form a part of this specification, and in which Figure 1 is a side elevation with portions broken away, showing the application of my invention to the drying cylinders of a paper machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a portion of one of the cylinders with parts in section, showing the exhaust pipe. Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the shoe on the end of the pipe within the cylinder. Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the ejector head. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the top of the ejector removed. Fig. 6 is anelevation showing the application of the invention to heating pipes for heating a building. Fig. 7 is a similar view showing the application of the invention to a steam engine with coils for heating the rooms of a building.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring now to the drawings, A designates the drying cylinders of a paper machine. As

these cylinders are generally notover four feet in diameter, the water to be taken out thereof by the vacuum would never have to be lifted more than two feet, or less according to the size of the cylinder, so that it would not require over two pounds of vacuum to exhaust the water and overcome the friction caused by the pipes, and as any great excess of this would tend to draw the hot steam from the drying cylinders I have provided an automatic device for regulating the vacuum. This consists of the valve A placed on the exhaust pipe A"from the drying cylinders in proximity to the vacuum gage a on said pipe,

and between the said gage and the separator which will be described hereainfter. This valve contains a graduated spring and by taking hold of the outside sleeve of the valve and turning it to the right or left either compressing or relaxing the spring it can be set to maintain any desired amount of vacuum, thus regulating automatically the amount of vacuum carried. When the vacuum exceeds the desired amount the valve opens and admits a large volume of cold air. As the ejector will give much more vacuum than necessary this valve is constantly admitting a large volume of cold air and this condenses the vapor from the cylinders, converting it into hot water in the separator, the hot water dropping from the separator to be returned to the boilers. The hot air that is taken in at the vacuum valve is drawn over by the ejector.

B is the steam inlet to the cylinder.

B is the exhaust from the cylinder. It is of less diamater than the inlet pipe and passes therethrough so that the exhaust is kept warm thereby in its passage through the exhaust pipe, both passing through a stuffing box b, as seen in Fig. 2. There is a pipe B connecting with each cylinder and these various pipes connect with the common pipe A" as shown in Fig. 1, and this pipe empties into the separator or air chamber 0. The extoo haust pipe B extends with-inthe cylinder and is curved from its point of entrance to the bottom of the cylinder where it receives the adjustable and detachable shoe D having a narrow opening close to the bottom of the cylinder as seen in Fig. 3 thereby allowing the vacuum to draw out the water to a much lower point, the terminal of the shoe being curved to correspond with the curvature of the bottom of the cylinder and the shoe arranged at an angle to the length of the cylinder to produce the most satisfactory results.

The air chamber or separator C is provided with the outlet pipe 0 as shown in Fig. 1 through which the water of condensation is conducted to be returned to the boiler. A pipe D leads from the end of the separator 0pposite that at which the exhaust pipe enters as shown in Fig. 1 and is connected. therewith at the upper end as shown in the said figure. This pipe empties into the central pipe E of the ejector, which pipe is mounted in the top F of the ejector head as seen bestin Fig. 5. The ejector head comprises a conical portion F the lower end of which is flanged as shown at fand bolted securely to the flanged upper end of the pipe F and to the upper flanged end of the conical portion is bolted a flanged head or top G shown best in Fig. 5. This top has a central opening through which passes the inner tube H which is by preference a thin brass shell provided with the flanges h by which it is bolted to the top as shown in Fig. etand to which the pipe E is secured. H are curved cone shaped pipes mounted on the ejector top as shown in Figs. 1, 1t and 5 and designed to be connected with a source of water supply, as from a fiume, being so constructed and arranged as to introduce the water into the space between the cone and the inner shell as to create a centrifugal motion around the inner tube or shell and-cause the hot air to cool very rapidly and also forming a long tapered cone with the water having a centrifugal motion at the lower end, as indicated by the arrowsin Fig. 4. This form of ejector is capable of handling a large volume of air and still maintain a vacuum, which is a valuable feature in connection withthe automatic vacuum valve above described for admitting air, condensing the steam after it has done its work. The ejector head is always full of water around the outside of the inner shell as the two inlet pipes I-I exceed the outlet around the bottom of the inner tube or shell. By this arrangement I am enabled to keep the cylinders free from water and thus avoid loss of steam which most always occurs owing to the fact that when there is no pressure in the cylinders, which is the casea large portion of the time, the cylinders will fill to the center and the water run out by gravity resulting in a great loss of live steam introduced as it comes in direct contact with the water and is at once condensed, besides the water is all the. time cooling the. shell of the cylinder.

In Fig. 6 I have shown the exhaust pipe from the drying cylinders communicating with a hot water separator K from which the hot water flows through the pipe K to the basement to be returned to the boiler, and the exhaust steam from the drying cylinders is drawn over into the coil L and circulating in the said coil by the vacuum created in the separator C by the ejector with which the pipe L connects, and the condensation from the coils flows to the separator O and from thence through the pipe L to the basement to be returned to the boiler. In this construction I provide an automatic vacuum valve M similar to that above described in connection with the exhaust pipe from the cylinders, for the purpose of regulating the amount of vacuum on the coil and drying cylinders. After the steam has done its work I admit a large amount of cold air which prevents any vapor being drawn into the cold water siphon.

In Fig. 7 is shown a method of attaching the improvements to a steam engine. In this view N is the main exhaust pipe from a steam engine, provided with a valve 12 and passing up through any desired number of floors of a building. On the upper end of this pipe is placed a relief valve N which is opened as soon as there is a pressure in the exhaust pipe andcloses automatically when pressure is removed from the said pipe. I here show how the exhaust steam may be utilized to warm the rooms and floors of a building, the coilsO being connected with the said exhaust pipe and the lower terminal of each coil being connected with the pipe P which empties into the separator O which is connected as in all the other instances with the ejector, and is provided with a pipe for the outlet of the hot water to be returned to the boiler.

Modifications in detail may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

In the application of the invention as shown in Fig. 7 the separator should be located a sufficient distance above the basement to give the water sufficient drop orfall to maintain nearly a perfect vacuum. Where there is not a sufficient number of coils to condense the exhaust steam from the engine I may circulate the exhaust steam throngh a large coil of this brass pipe immersed in cold water, the end of this large coil being connected to the separator'which creates the vacuum.

Other similar variations in arrangement of parts will suggest themselves which I should consider entirely within the scope of my invention.

What I claim as new is 1. The combination with an exhaust pipe provided with an automatic vacuum valve, of an ejector head, an interposed separating chamber, and means for producing a centrifugal motion within the head, substantially as specified.

. 2. The. combination of an exhaust pipe, an ejector head, means for creating a vacuum, a

IID

I0 curved conical pipes supported upon the top of the head for producing a centrifugal motion within the outer shell, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscrib- 15 ing witnesses.

WILLARD P. HAWLEY. Witnesses:

GEO. O. RINEARSON, T.R. A. SELLWOOD.

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