US579624A - Third to thomas strover turnbull - Google Patents

Description

(No ModeI) y I'. WILKINSON. MANUFAGTURE 0I' WIRI] GARD CLOTHING.

Patented Mar. .30, 1897.

UNITE FREDERICK WILKINSON, OF MANCHESTER, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- THIRD TO THOMAS STROVER TURNBULL, OF SAME PLACE.

MANUFACTURE OF WlRE CARD-CLOTHING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 579,624, dated March 30, 1897.

Application filed August 21,1896. Serial No. 603,530. (No model.) Patented in England February Z3, 1894, No. 3,879; in Belgium December 15, 1894, No. 113,210; in France December l5, 1894, No. 243,666, and in Germany December 15,1894,

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK WILKINSON, a subject of the Queen of `Great Britain, residing at India Buildings, Cross Street, Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and in the Manufacture of Wire Card-Clothing, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in the following counxo tries: Great Britain, No. 3,879, dated February 23, 1894; Belgium, No. 113,210, datedDecember 15, 1894; France, No. 243,666, dated December l5, 1894, and Germany, No. 84,411, dated December 15, 1894,) lof which the following is a specification.

My invention 'relates to improvements in Wire card-clothing; andit consists, chiefly, in chilling or hardening and tempering the points ofthe Wire teeth after they'have been zo set in the foundation, so as to produce cardclothin'g with wire teeth having cardingpoints of high temper and shanks and bases of comparatively soft or low temper.

In carrying my invention into effect I first lill up the interstices between the wire teeth on the card-'clothing to the required height with a suitable substance or material which will readily absorb heat. `I then subject the uncovered tips or points of the Wire teeth to 3o the action of heat, after Which points are chilled.

In the accompanying sheet of drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section; and Fig. 3 is a 3 5 plan, with some of the parts omitted, of a convenient construction of machine for hardening the tips or points of wire card-teeth.

In the views, a designates the strip or fillet of wire card clothing, which is conducted 4o through a tank b, over a roller c, under a cardclothed or other suitable roller d, up over a small roller e, down under a second cardclothed or other suitable roller f, and-out of the tank b over a roller g. The fillet a is drawn through the machine in any convenient way, as, for example, by driving the second card-clothed roller f, which is effected, as shown, by the gears f f2f3, the last being mounted on a shaft h, on which is fixed a the tips or for example,

worm-Wheel h', driven by a worm i on a shaft 5o e', which is driven4 by means of the groot/ed pulley i2 or in any other suitable Way. The tank b is nearly filled with mercury, which in practice I find to be the most suitable sub.- stance to employ, as it is a good conductor of heat, it does not adhere to the Wire teeth or to the foundation, and it is clean and easy to handle. The fillet af, as it travels through the tank b, is preferably whollyimmersed in the mercury except at .the point where it 6o passes overthe roller e, where the tips or points only of the Wire teeth are allowed to appear above the level of the mercury, as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

To regulate the depth of immersion at this point, the roller e is mounted in bearings in an adjustable bracket e', which can be raised .and lowered by two wedges j, connected together and moved to and fro on the edges of the tank b by a thumb-screw k. The roller 7o e is of small diameter, so as to open out and expose the tips or points of the wire teeth to the action of a flame of high temperature directed upon them at this point. This flame is obtained from a series of atmospheric gasburners Z, which are pivoted on a stud m and are supplied with gas and air through the pipes Z. The burners Z can be adjusted by means of a screwed rod n and nutn to regulate thedirection of the iiame and its action So on the exposed tips'of the card-teeth. The card-clothing being in motion 'and the mercury being a rapid absorber of heat, the high temperature imparted to the tips or points is not communicated to the Shanks and bases of the teeth, which therefore remain practically at the same temper, whereas the tips or points after exposure to the flame being immediately submerged in the mercury are rapidly chilled and hardened. 9o To maintain the mercury as far as practicable at one uniform temperature, it is necessary to keep it constantly circulating, and this may be effected in a variety of ways, as,

by means of an Archimedeau screw o, which is driven by a Worm and wormwheel from a band-pulley p. The lower end of the screw o lies in a well b', and the screw 0 raises the mercury from this Well b and discharges it again through an openin g in the side near the top of the tank b and preferably close to where the teeth are chilled. The mercury in the tank l) overiiows through an opening b2 in the end of the tank and falls into a tray b in communication with the Well.

To free the card-clothin g from any mercury that might possibly remain upon it, a revolving or oscillating Wiper shaft or j igger q may be fitted outside the tank b, so as to agitate the fillet a and cause any mercury still present to run back into the tank.

I have shown and described what I believe to be a convenient arrangement of parts and the most suitable method of and means for carrying into effect my invention, the essential feature of which consists, as already stated, in chilling or hardening and tempering the tips or points only of wire cardteeth after the teeth have been set in the foundation of the card clothing or lleting and preferably after they have been ground, whereby I obtain card-clothin g, the wire teeth of which have carding-points of high temper, While the shanks and bases remain of comparatively soft or low temper.

I Wish it to be clearly understood, however, that I do not intend or wish to limit myself to such arrangement or to the particular method of and means herein speciiied, as va rions modiiieations and alternatives might be employed without departing from the essential feature of my inventions as above deiined.

Having new particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, 1s-

1. The herein-described process of making Wire card-clothing, consisting in iirst embedding the teeth in the base or strip, then immersing the teeth and strip in a mercurybath, leaving the points of the teeth exposed, and then heating and chilling the said exposed points, Without treating the Shanks, substantially as described.

2. The herein-described process of making card-clothing consisting in embedding the earding-teeth in the strip or base, then immersing the teeth and strip in a mercurybath leaving the points of the teeth exposed, heating said points and then passing the strip into the bath to cause the heated points to be chilled thereby, substantially as described.

3. The combination in an apparatus for hardening wire card-clothing, of a bath for chilling the carding-teet-h, heating means adapted to heat the exposed points of the teeth, and means for guiding the cardclothing past the heating means and through the bath, substantially as described.

et. In combination, the mercury-bath and guidc-roller over which the card-clothing is passed, said roller bein g arranged to hold the points of the teeth slightly above the surface of the bath, and a burner or heating device arranged to heat the exposed points of the teeth Without treating the sh'anks, substantially as described.

5. In combination, the bath, the overiiowtray about the bath, the guiding means for the iiexible card-clothing, heating means for heating the exposed points of the teeth, and means for returning the material of the bath from the overiioW-tray back into the bath, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two Witnesses.

FREDERICK WILKINSON.

Vitnesses:

S. W. GILLETT, HERBERT R. ABBEY.

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