US669966A - Water-distilling apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

. Patented Mar. [2, l90l. D. L. ROSE.

WATER DHISTILLING APPARATUS.

(Application filed June 27, 1900.,

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(No Model.)

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No. 669,966. Patented Mar. |2,,l90l. D. L. ROSE.

WATER DISTILLIVNG APPARATUS (Applicatio n filed June 27; 1900.)

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(No Model.)

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' ervoir O for the distillate or water of conden- UNTTED STATES DICKINSON L. ROSE, OF

PATENT 'OFFicE.

MANKATO, MINNESOTA.

WATER-DISTILLING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 669,966, dated March 12, 1901.

Application filed June 27, 1900.

T0 ctZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DICKINSON L. Rosa, residing at Mankato, in the county of Blue Earth and State of Minnesota, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Water- Distilling Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is'an improved water-purifying and aerating apparatus especially adapted for domestic use. It is distinguished by a combination and arrangement of parts attaining economy of material, compactness, and convenient portability. It is adapted to eliminate volatile and mineral matter and eifect rapid condensation and aeration by purified air.

The apparatus is constructed and operates as hereinafter described, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the apparatus completely assembled. Fig. 2 is a side view of the boiler and siphon attachment. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on line 3 3 of Fig. 5. Fig.4 is a cross-section on line 4 4 of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical section of the apparatus. Figs. 6 and 7 are perspective views showing certain details hereinafter described.

The chief parts of the apparatus are the following: a vertical cylindrical boiler A, (shown detached in Fig. 2,) having a flared or conical base a; an annular water reservoir or holder 8, surrounding the middle portion of said boiler; a closed annular chamber or res sation, the same being arranged beneath the waterholder B; an enlarged condensingchamber D, constituting the top of the apparatus and supported detachably upon a tubular extension of the reservoir B, and a siphon attachment E, connected with both boiler and reservoir. It will be noted that the latter and the distillate-chamber O surround and are concentric with the boiler A, with which they are detachably connected.

The details of construction, arrangement, and operation are as follows:

The boiler A is practically a hollow cylin-' drioal column provided with a flared base. It constitutes the sole support of all the other parts of the apparatus, which may be readily point from which all the other parts of detached when required. For heating the Serial No. 21,767. (No model.)

contents of the boiler the base a may be set upon a'cooking or lamp stove or supported over a gas-flame. The boiler and its base may be covered with asbestos, felt, or other non-conductor of heat, as indicated at a. The upper end of the boiler A is open and a removable wire screen is applied thereto and supported upon an internal rib for the purpose of preventing water splashing out when the ebullition is violent.

The reservoir B has a double bottom, Fig. 5, the two parts being separated bya narrow space 03. The reservoir hasalso two inner upwardly-extended concentric walls I) and b, which are similarly separated by the space as, that communicates with the aforementioned bottom space w. These spaces form the primary receptacle for the water of condensatiou, whence it passesinto the holder or chamber G through pipes C, that project into said chamber, as shown in Fig. 5. It will be noted that the innermost wall I) of reset voir B and that of distillate-chamber O are separated from the boiler A by air-spaces y and y, respectively, and that the space y is closed at the top by an inwardly-projecting collar b forming the top of such reservoir-wall b.

The said collar 17 rests u pon ahead a formed exteriorly on the boiler A a short distance below its top. This head a thus constitutes the the apparatus are supported upon the boiler. An elastic gasket may be interposed, as shown, to form a tight joint. The air-space y between the boiler A and innermost wall I) of reservoir B is vented at the top by small pipes 12 which pass through both walls I) and b and rigidly connect them, as shown. 7

Downwardly-curved tubes F connect the upper end of the outer reservoir-wall b with the space a: in the double bottom of reservoir B and are provided with small vent-holes f at their upper ends. These pipes F are heated by conduction at their junction with the wall I), and thus the upward flow and escape of air is promoted, which tends to create a partial vacuum in the condensing-spaces a; and at and a consequent downward draft of steam into the latter. The essential point is that the upper ends of the pipes shall be heated and open or vented. An air-tube G extends upward in the space w between the inner walls I) b of reservoir B, and its lower end projects from the side of the wall, as shown in Fig. 5. Such end of the tube G is slotted and provided with an adjustable screw-cap g, as shown in Fig. 7, for regulating admission of air. Just below the mouth of said tube G one or more small openings 6 are provided for escape of steam, which rising and mingling with the surrounding air purifies the same prior to its entrance into the tube. The proximity of the mouth of the latpurification of the air, since vapor is con stantly rising from the water. This result is efiected upon the same principle that the purification of the atmosphere results by clouds or fogs passing through it. The upper end of tube G opens in the space 012 directly beneath the condenser D. The central portion of the latter is a hollow cone d, which is arranged vertically directly over the top of the boiler A and into which the steam from the latter enters. The lower edge 01 of this cone (1 is extended downward and forms an inner wall for the air-space The top of the cone dis open and slotted, as shown in Fig. 6, and provided with a screw-cap (1 This cap may be closed down if the water to be distilled contains only a slight amount of organic matter; but otherwise it is set open to allow escape of gases, its adjustment being regulated by the amount of such matter in the water.' When the cap 01 is closed, approximately the whole amount of vaporized water maybe retained and condensed.

The condenser proper, D, is an open-top water-receptacle. This, taken in conjunction with the annular space at between the extended inner walls of reservoir-B andthe connected space w, forms a very important feature of my invention. In other apparatus of this class it is common to conduct off into a side receptacle the water of condensation in order to preserve it at low temperature, so that it will retain air, and it is necessary to fill the condenser with ice or snow or to keep it supplied with cool water to effect continued condensation I have found by experiment that I can effect rapid and continuous condensation if the vessel D be full of warm or even hot water and at the same time arrange condensingspaces below it for reception of the distillate. In other words, the steam is deprived of a considerable portion of its latent heat by contact with the bottom and cone of the vessel D regardless of the degree to which the water therein may have been raised (it is apparent it cannot rise above 212 Fahrenheit) and that further condensation takes place in space 00 and complete condensation in the bottom space a: of reservoir B.

It will be seen that the vented space y between the boiler and reservoir-wall b, which permits a constant upward circulation of air, isa prominent factor in producing this result and that the condenser D coacts most efliciently to the same end. In brief, the relation of said condenser to the boiler and supplementary concentric conducting-surfaces is vital to the end of producing an apparatus combining maximum efficiency, compactness, and economy of construction and material.

As shown in Fig. 1, the condenser or vessel D is provided with a cock (1 for drawing oft. water for domestic uses. The said cock is so arranged that it may discharge into the reservoir B when being used for preliminary purification of the water. ter to the water-reservoir B alsopromotes As previously noted, the purified air supplied by tube G enters the space 00 beneath the condenser E, and as the steam and water of condensation are turned downward from the boiler and cone cl such air mingles with them, and thus the distillate becomes aerated without impairing its purity. In this operation. the pendent edge (1 of the cone (1 performs an important function, since it directs .the water and steam down ward in a thin annular sheet, so that thorough intermixture of "the air therewith is promoted. The current of cool air passing up around and through the central space y of chamber 0 aids in cooling the distillate, and to the same end I may employ a concave shield H, the same being interposed between the said chamber C and resjervoir B.

The siphon attachment E comprises a siphon-tube proper, e; a vertical glass tube e in which its longer leg enters; a curved metal tube e with which said glass tube is connected, and a flexible tube e attached to the shorter leg of the siphon e within the reservoir B and extending upward to a float e. The inlet end of the siphon attachment is beneath the float, whereby water is drawn off at the surface, where it is hottest and also freest from sediment. The glass tube 6 permits easy inspection for ascertaining the height of water in reservoir B and boiler A. The curve in metal tube 6 being filled with water which is cooler, and therefore heavier, than that in the boiler prevents a free circulation of boiler-water therein.

The siphon-tube e may be provided with a Vertical extension 6 from its bend, (see Fig. 2,) which serves to collect and hold air that may escape and pass up into the siphon, so that the latter does not require removal to free it of accumulated air as often as would otherwise be necessary.

The lower end of the longer leg of the siphon proper is closed and provided adjacently with one or more lateral openings, which permit due circulation of water without allowing free entrance of air.

The glass tube 6 is flexibly coupled with the metal tube 6 by a rubber sleeve 6 and has a protecting-sleeve c at its upper end, which is open to the atmosphere. 4

One of the pipes O is shorter than the others to serve as an air-vent for chamber 0. The purified and aerated water is drawn 0E from chamber 0 by means of a pipe 0, having a cock 0'. A glass tube connects such pipe 0 with the bottom space 00 in reservoir B by means of the rubber sleeves 0 By means of this tube 0 the height of the water in the chamber C maybe readily ascertained.

To use the apparatus, proceed as follows: Fill reservoir B with water. To start the siphon E, remove and immerse the tube a in water, so that all air passes out. When full of water, place finger over end of shorter leg to prevent its flowing out. Then invert and insert the longer leg in tube e, being careful not to remove the finger until it is below the surface of the water in reservoir B. The boiler will then fill to the same level, as can be seen by watching the water in tube e. Then place apparatus on stove or other heating-surface and fill Water-chamber C. By not permitting water in reservoir B to be entirely drained through evaporation from boil-er the siphon will require no further attention. If the water falls below the siphon end in reservoir B, the connection is broken by siphon becoming filled with air, and it will have to be removed and started as before.

The action of the apparatus is as follows: Steam is generated in boiler A and rises into cone d and communicates much of its latent heat to the water in D. The tubes F become heated, causing the air in them to rise, producing a partial vacuum in spaces 00 and at, which is supplied by steam descending from cone cl. Air passes up through heated tube G into the space 00 By the projection of the cone below the inner bottom of D this air is made to circulate and then thoroughly mingles with the descending, steam. Together they now pass under the water in reservoir B through spaces a; and 00', and complete precipitation takes place at so low a temperature that the air will remain in the water. In other words, the temperature of the water does not reach 180 Fahrenheit, as is commonly the case in other apparatus of this class, and hence the contained air is not driven off, but remains to render'the water agreeable and potable.

By closing the aerating-tube G and vents when the apparatus is not in use no outside odors or vapors can have access to the distillate, and thus contamination of the latter is avoided, since the chamber 0 is practically sealed. In view of the great absorbent power of distilled Water this provision is very important.

As before intimated, the condenser D is detachable from the reservoir extension I), and the reservoir B, chamber C, and the siphon (save tube 6 which forms-a rigid attachment of the boiler) are all removable from the boiler. To connect thelatter with ports B C, so that the'apparatus may be lifted by the side Lubes F as handles, a ring (1 Fig. 5, is passed over the metal tube 6 and engaged with a hook or within the central opening of chamber 0.

It is apparent that the condenser D is very and that it may be readily detached for cleaning its interior.

Having thus described my invention, what 1 claim as new,.and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combinat ion, with a vertical boiler which is open at the top, and a condenser located over said boiler, of a water-reservoir located exterior to the boiler and having an upward extension composed of double walls, separated by a space for receiving the water of condensation, both said walls surrounding the boiler, and the outer one being attached to the condenser and forming the outer side of the condensing space, or chamber, above the boiler, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination with a boiler, of a condensing chamber or space communicating with the boiler, means for closing such space above, an airinlet and a steam-exit located adjacent to such inlet, substantially as shown and described, for the purpose of purifying air admitted to the condensing-chamber, as specified,

3. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination, with a vertical boiler, of an adjacent water-reservoir arranged below its top, a condenser arranged on such boiler, and a chamber or space below the same and extend ing down alongside the reservoir, substantially as shown and described.

4. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination with a vertical open-top boiler, a closed condensing space or chamber above the same, a condensing-space below which communicates with such closed chamber, an air-inlet for such condensi ng-space, and means for regulating admission of air thereto, and an orifice adjacent to the air-inlet for exit of steam, substantially as shown and described.

5. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination with a vertical boiler, of a condensing chamber or space surrounding the latter but separated from it byan air-space, aclosed air space or chamberabove the boiler, an airinlet pipe, arranged in the condensing-space surrounding the boiler, and leading up into the chamber above the latter, substantially as shown and described.

6. Ina water-distillingapparatus, the cont bination with a vertical open-top boiler an open top waterreservoir surrounding the same, a closed condensing chamber or space above the boiler and a continuation of said chamber extending below, an air-inlet for the condensing-space, which inlet is a short distance above the water-reservoir,as shown and described.

7. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination with a vertical'open-top boiler, a water-reservoir below the top of said boiler, and an inclosed condensing-space in contiguity thereto, of pipes leading up from such space and connecting at the upper end with the wall useful as a water-heater for general purposes of the condensingspace' and having openings IIO for escape of air, substantially as shown and described.

8. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination with a vertical open-top boiler, a waouter tube attached to the body of the boiler,

and the siphon proper, one leg of which is in the reservoir and the other in such tube, the said siphon being detachably connected with such outer tube, substantially as shown and described.

10. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination with the boiler and a water-reservoir of a siphon attachment comprising an outer tube attached to the body of the boiler, the detachable siphon proper, the elastic sleeves or connections between such fixed tube and the siphon proper, a float in the reservoir, and flexible tube connecting the said float and siphon proper substantially as shown and described.

11. In a water-distilling apparatus, the com: bination with a vertical boiler of an annular concentric water-reservoir and distilled-water chamber tubes rigidly connecting them substantially as shown, and supported detachably upon the boiler, substantially as specified.

12. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination with the vertical boiler of a waterreservoir having its inner wall extended upward and surrounding the body of the boiler and providedv at its upper end with a-ring or collar adapted to fit upon the boiler and thereby furnish a support, substantially as shown and described.

13. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination with a vertical boiler of a water-reservoir having a doublewall and suspended around the boiler, a space being formed between the walls to serve as a receptacle for steam and water of condensation, such space communicating with the boiler at the top, substantially as shown and described.

14. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination-with a boiler of a water-reservoirsurrounding thesame and having a space for receiving steam and water of condensation, a distillate-chamber arranged below said reservoir, and pipes connecting the two and serving to conduct waterof condensation into the lower chamber, substantially as shown and' described.

15. In a water -distilling apparatus, the combination with a distillate-chamber and a receiver for water of condensation, of one or more pipes leading from such receiver into the distillate-chain her, and all save one which opens at top of said chamber,extending nearly to the bottom of the latter, whereby a water seal is practically provided under working conditions, as shown and described.

16. Ina water-distilling apparatus, the combination, with the vertical boiler, of a waterreservoir surrounding it, and a condensingchamber arranged between the boiler and reservoir, and an air-chain ber arranged between the boiler and said condensing-chamber, said air-chamber being open at the bottom and having vent-holes at the top, substantially as shown and described.

17. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination with a boiler of a water-reservoir having a condensing space or chamber contiguous to its wall, a distillate-chamber arranged below and connected with the said condensing-space, a draw-0E pipe communicating with the lower portion of said distillate-chamber, and an inspection or gage tube extending upward from said pipe and communicating with the condensingspace heneath the reservoir, substantially as shown and described.

18. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination with the boiler of a water-reservoir and distillate-chamber, the latter being arranged below the reservoir and separated from it by an air-space, anda shield or tender arranged in said space and extended horizon tally to protect the distillate-chamber from radiated heat, substantially as shown and described.

19. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination with theboiler, a distillate-chamber and a water-reservoir both arranged adjacent to the boiler, and the reservoir being uppermost, of a shield interposed between said chamber and reservoir, as shown and described.

20. In a water-distilling apparatus, the combination with a boiler and receptacle for water of condensation, of a condensing vessel placed above the boiler, and having an internal chamber open at the bottom, and a rim pendent therefrom, and an air-inlet communicating with the space surrounding said rim as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DICKINSON L. ROSE.

Witnesses:

SoLoN O. KEMON, AMos W. HART.

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