US723178A - Cord or rope making machine. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED MAN. 17.1903..`

` T. W. NORMAN. COND 0N ROPE MAKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5, 1897.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

NO MODEL.

- PATBNTBD MAR. 17, 1903. T. W.NOB.MAN.

CORD 0B. ROPE MAKING MACHINE.

` APPLIUATION FILED MAR. 5. 1897. No Manni..

z SHEETS-SHEET z.

wvfzm, y

mm. @AA

a `spinning-f rame. cradle removed from a spinning-frame.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

THOMAS ,W. NORMAN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

CORD OR ROPE MAKING MACHINE.

SFECIFICATION forming part ofi 'Letters Patent No. 723,178, dated March 17, 1903.

`Applimation iiled March 5,1897. Serial No. 625,949. (No model.)

To `1r/ZZ whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, THOMAS W. NORMAN, of Boston, in the county ofASuft'olk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rope or Oord Making Machines, of which the following is a description sufficiently full, clear, and exact to enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains or with which it is most nearly connected to make and use the same.

This invention relates to machines for man;

ufacturing cords,`twines, lines, and ropes;

and the object of the invention-is to provide `a mechanism superior and more effective than .the mechanism now in use for this purpose;

and with this object in view improved means, among others, are provided for holding Vthe stock or yarn and for guiding it to the ilier, improved tension means for preventinglthe kin king or corkscrewing of the yarn `prior tor the twisting thereof bythe flier, and improved take-up mechanism effective sim ply as a take# up, whereby the product is taken up only as fast as it is fed thereto, the several improved mechanisms forming an improved organiza tion elective to give the yarn two twists to each revolution of its i'lier,` to feed the cord in a uniform manner, and to likewise twist such cord twice for each revolution of a single takeup i'lier and to take up such oord only as fast as it is fed to the take-up iiier.

In the 1drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification an embodiment of a form ot'- my invention is illustrated, whereini y Figure lis a longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 2 is a top View of a Fig. 3 is an end view of the cradle viewed from the left-hand side of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is aview in the plane at the right-hand side of the spring at the left-hand end of Fig. 2, looking from the right, the spring being partly broken away. Fig. 5 is a longitudinalsectional view ofthe tinishingaud take-up mechanism. Fig. 6 is an end view. of a flier looking from the left-haud uside on the" line 6 dof Fig. 5. Fig. Zis a detail sectional view of the cradle and gearing carried thereby, taken on line 7 7 of Iiig. 5 looking `toward the left; and Fig. 8 is Incarrying out my invention I employ a plurality of 'devices for holding and paying od yarn, each of Which devices is adapted to give a plurality of twists to the yarn and y which devices cooperate to layup their respective yarns into cordage, from which the cordage will be `received by a suitable pulldown device and delivered to a take-np reel,

and as illustrated in the presentinstance the several twisting devices are supported by a frame designated in a general way by A.

As a convenient means for holding and paying olf the stock of the raw yarns to betwisted into strands a suitable spool or reel CZ may be employed, which is shown as rotatably #mounted upon a spindle f, which spindle is provided with a bifurcated end or bracketf,

. pivoted atfi upon a hub e ofa cradle, which cradle is adapted to be suspended by means Y of its hub e e' upon reduced ends of shafts a ct', journaled in the main frame A.

The-cradle is shown as comprising end arms e2 es, depending from the respective hubs e e', and is provided with a curved bottom portion e6, and the arms may be provided with weighted portions e4 c5 for maintaining the cradle in an upright position. tom or some suitable part of the cradle is a spring g2, provided with an opening g to receive a pintle f3 of the spindle, the spring being eieetive to hold the reel ,and spindle in place and also to applyfrictiou to the reel to tension the yarn as itis drawn therefrom. The yarn (designated in a generalway by o) is shown as being drawnV from the reel d andA passing over an autit'riction-roller j of substantially the length of the holding or barrel portion of the reel and mounted iu suitable bearings j', provided at each end of one side ofthe bottom portion of the cradle. Upon the opposite side of the cradle is provided a roller or guide e7, having its axis in aplane substantially transverse to the axis of the roller j, which is shown as substantially parallel to the spindle f. By this organization the yarn in passing from the spool or reel will always be drawn at substantially the same angle therefrom irrespective of the portion ot4 the spool from which it is drawn, and to those Secured to the bot- IOO skilled in the art the advantages to be de-` y.V rived from forming the cradle with the bottom e, as shown and described, and passing the yarn o around the same to theguide-roll e7, will be obvious. The greater distance is obtained from the said roll-to the point where the yarn leaves the supply-spool, thereby increasing the angle at which the yarn is drawn away from the spool and causing the said yarn to free itself more readily therefrom. The under side of the bottom e5 of the cradle forms a smooth surface over which the yarn is free to slide as it unwinds from different portions of the spool.

The yarn after passing from the roller e7 is shown as having tension applied thereto. In the presentinstance aroller t' is mounted upon a pin t" and is shown as having circumferential grooves 2 thereon and a roller h,mounted upon an arm h. The rollerh is also provided with circumferential grooves h2. For the purpose of applying friction to one of the rollers, in the present instance the roller h, a suitable wing-nut h3 may be provided, between which and the roll may be interposed a washer h4, splined to the end h6 of the pin h' for the purpose of preventing the screw being moved by the rotation of the roller. These rollers are shown as mounted upon the cradle and as having the yarn passed back and forth from one to the other and crossed between them, forming what may be designated as a figure 8. The roller h is shown as located adjacent to the mouth of the channel a3 and as larger than the roller t'. The relative size of the rollers, however, may be varied. Both rollers are free from means rotating them, which peculiar feature adds materially to the effective working of the device. By means of this tension meansthe corkscrewing, snarling, and kin king'of the yarn asit passes from the reel to the flier are prevented. This is an important part of the present organization.

The yarn after passing the tension device is given its first twist, inthe presentinstance by means of a flier mounted upon the shafts a a by means of hubs b b. The iiier is shown as comprising arms c, radiating from the hubs and connected by longitudinal port-ions c. The hubs are shown as secured to the shafts by means of pins b2 b4, respectively, mounted upon which pins arelr shown guides or rollers 5365. The hubs and shafts are shown as recessed or cut away for the accommodation of these vrollers and the shafts as provided with axial channels for the passage of the yarn. The peripheries of the sheaves or guides are, at the point of contact with the yarn, on a plane with the axis of the shafts. The shaft a is connected with suitabledriving means (not shown) and imparts rotary motion to the flier, whereby the yarn is given a twist between the tension device and the roller b3, from which roller the yarn is shown passing to rollers c2 c2, journaled at c3 c3, the juncture of the arms c and bar c'. Suitable guards are shown along the bar c to prevent the yarn, in case any slackness arises, from twisting out of place. The yarn then passes under the roller b5, before mentioned, through the channel a5 of the shaft a'. The shaft ct is also shown as provided with a pull-down flier 7c, which in the present instance is shown as comprising a pair of capstans 7a 7a2, positively driven by means of suitable gearing in mesh with a pinion fast upon the shaft 0,4, which may be driven by a suitable pulley or other device. The yarn or strand is given its second twist as it passes through the tubular shaft a4.

The resistance offered by the tension-rolls 7L and 2'. to the passage of the yarn as it is drawn along by the pull-down may cause the cradle to be forced up against the shaft c, and as the said shaft is in constant rotation during the operation of the machine there is liability, unless precaution is taken against such an emergency, of friction occurring between the bracket e and the shaft a to such an extent as to cause the cradle to be carried A plurality of twisting devices similar to.

that above described may be employed and a strand of yarn 0 from each be laid up into a rope R. From the point of laying up the rope may pass through suitable power-driven twisting means and be received from that by a pull-down, (designated in a general way by 2,) illustrated similar to that shown and described in my Patent No. 693,887, dated February 25, 1902. By means of this pull-A down, which is shown rotating with the takeup flier and which comprises a triple-roll mechanism comprehending a pair of driven rolls and an intermediate movable roil, a uniform pulling down of exactly the same extent of twisted cord or rope for every repetition of a specified number of rotations of the pull-d own rolls and for every corresponding number of twisting revolutions is 0btained. This insures absolute uniformity in the product as to number of twists per unit of length, so that the take-up mechanism acts simply as atake-up andis not required to exert a powerful forward draft onthe cordor rope as it emerges from the pull-down.`l vFrom this pull-down the rope is received by a suitable take-up device. Before it is wonndnpon the reel 37 it is further twisted, which twisting in the present instance is imparted thereto by means of the take-up iiier, which also acts IIO to impart the first twist to the cord, which prising end or head portions 5 and 8, secured' il as A vided with a suitable set-screw.

t upon the shafts, respectively, by means of pins 6 and 9( The heads are `shown connected by longitudinal bars 10, which may be tubular, if desired, thus constituting a fiier which extends substantially from end to end of the mechanism, so that the cradle and -trecl are located longitudinally of and within lsuch flier, being surrounded thereby, through one of which tubes the rope may pass, the @rope being received in the present instance 'by the iiier through the shaft 4, which is t .ity-,shown as hollow at 3 and cut out for the accommodation of a roller 7, mounted upon pin 6, between which rollerand the pull-down l2l the rope isgiven a twist. The rope passes Afrom the roller 7 to a roller or guide 1l, mounted upon a pin or stub-shaft 13 on the head 5, from which roller or guide the rope passes through one of the bars lO to a roller 12, mounted upon a pin or stub-shaft 14 on fthe head 8. Thus it` will be seen that the ropeor cordage is received by the flier from l `he pull-down axially of itself. After passming to the roller 12 the rope passes over a roller 47, mounted uponthe pin 9. The shaft fliis shown as cut out for the accommodation of such roller and as provided with an axial opening 45 for the passage of the rope,whereby Atheel-ope may be delivered from the Hier axially of itself and be delivered to a suitable laying-.on device for the take-up reel. The cord or rope may be given its final twist between thegroller 47 and the laying-on device, which in the present instance is shown as carried by acradle 15, provided with bearings mounted yuponkthe shafts 4 4", the iiier in the present i stance having imparted to it rotary motion 95% means of a pulley 1o, keyed upon the shaft 4. i i

`In the present organization, as illustrated, it is desirable that the laying-on device remain-substantially stationary in relation to the iiierand for this purpose there is provided axed pinion 40, secured to the frame A', anda pinion 44, fixed to the hub of the cradle. Such pinions are respectively in mesh with pinions 41 43, fast upon a shaft 42, carried by a bearing in the end of the'm iiier.

5o. In the present instance the pinions are shown as of the same size and constitute a train of gear which may be characterized as l planet-gearing, whereby the movement of` the iiier is Inot imparted to the cradle, although it is suspended by bearings engaging directly the shafts of the flier.

The reel for taking lup the finished product may be mounted upon a spindle 33, which in the present instance is provided at its ends with pins 34, adapted to be held between pins 35 and a latch 36, carried by the bearing or hub of the cradle, the latch 36 being prolf the reel should be driven at a xed rate of speed andr the rope pull-down is driven at a xed rate of speed, there will ordinarily be greater tension upon the rope as the `reel becomes larger in diameter by means of the rope laid on. To avoid such variation in tension and breakage incident thereto, I employ suitable friction driving means, which in the present instance is shown as comprising a disk or wheel vloosely mounted the disk or wheel 28, to

which the gear 17 imparts constant rotation during the operation of the machine. The disk 28 is formed with a threaded hub 29,

Vupon which is loosely mounted a disk 30, bej tween which latter and the disk 28 are clamped several disks 3l by means of nuts 32, fitted to the threaded hub 29' outside the disk 30.

It will thus be seen that by means of the nuts 32 any desirable degree of frictional contact may be obtained between the several disks just mentioned. j As the cradle is held stationary by means of its planet-gearing the shaft 4, of course, upon rotation will positively rotate the wheel 28 and frictionally rotate the wheel or disk 30. From the disk 30 an arm 38 projects for engaging a recess in the reel, whereby upon rotation of the shaft the wheel will be rotated; but upon tension being applied by the rope the disk 30 will be permitted to slip relatively to the wheel 28, thus permitting the reel to adjust itself to the varying diameters of the reel incident to the layers of material which have been wound upon it, so that a substantially uniform degree of tension may be had and so that the reel will be rotated to take up the cord only as fast as it is fed thereto by the pull-down.

For the purpose of feeding the rope to the reel a suitable reverse-threaded worm 24 may be employed, upon which is mounted a traveler 25, having a roller or sheave 48, over which the rope passes. From a roller 46, carried by the cradle, the rope passes over the roller or sheave 48 directly to the reel 37. The worm is rotated by means of a wormgearing 22` 23, the worm 22 beingshown as mounted upon a shaft 21, carrying a bevelgear 20, in mesh with a bevel-gear 19, carried by the gear 17 whereby upon the rotation of the shaft 4 the worm 24 will be made to rotate and the traveler 25 to reciprocate thereon.

For the purpose of stoppingthe machine in case any undue slackeningof the rope takes place or that the rope breaks, an arm 49 (shown in the present instance as U-shaped and pivoted at 50 to a lug or projection on the dier) may be held normally in place by `the ropefinthe present instance that portion of it passing from the roller,7 to the roller ll, which arm upon being released by the breaking or slackening of the rope will' by gravity fall and engage a pin 51, mounted upon a IIO vss

-for stopping the mechanism.

disk 52, carried by a shaft 53, which may be connected in any suitable manner with means Similar devices may be employed in connection with each strand for stopping the mechanism in case of breakage of a strand.

I do not limit myself to the details of construction, as it will be apparent that many equivalent forms may be employed without departure from the spirit of my invention. It is desired to state that the term cord, as used herein and in the claims, is to be interpreted to include yarn, lines, twine, cord, rope, and various kinds of cordage, this explanation being made to avoid unnecessary repetition of words in the claims.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a cordage-machine, the combination of a plurality of means for severally twisting yarns into strands to be laid into cordage; a pull-down for each strand; a pull-down for the cord; means for twisting the cord twice; means for frictionally driving a reel by the twisting means; means for laying the cord onto the reel; and means comprising planetgearing for maintaining the laying means in a iXed plane.

2. In a cordage-machine, the combination of a plurality of means for severally twisting yarns at two points to form strands to be laid into cordage; a positively-driven pull-down for each strand; a positively-driven pulldown for the cord; means for twisting the cord twice; means for frictionally driving a reel by the' twisting means; means for laying the cord onto the reel; and means in gear with the twisting means for maintaining the laying means in a fixed plane and causing it to travel to and fro in such-plane.

3. In a cordage-machine, the combination of a plurality of means for severally twisting yarns, each comprising means for holding the yarn-stock; a tension device; means forguiding the yarn to the tension device; a pulldown for each strand; means for giving the yarn a plurality of twists to form a strand to be laid into cordage; a pull-down for the cord; a take-up for the cord; and means for twisting the cord a plurality of times.

4. In a cordage-machine, the combination of a plurality of means for twisting yarns into strands, each embodying aspool-spindle carrying a spool; means for guiding the yarn from the spool at the same angle irrespective of the portion of the spool from which it is drawn; means for applying tension to the yarn and means for twisting the yarn into a strand to be laid 'into cordage; a pull-down for the cord; means for placing the cord onto a reel; means for twisting the cord between the pull-down and the means-for placing the cord upon the reel, and for receiving ancfdelivering the cord axially of itself; means for rotating the reel; and means for rotating the twisting means on an axis parallel witli the axis of rotation of the reel.

5. In a cordage-machine, the combination of a plurality of means for severally twisting yarns into strands to be laid into cordage; a pull-down for each strand comprising a pair of positively-driven capstans; a pull-down for the cord; a flier for twisting the cord twice and receiving and deliveringthe same axially of itself; shafts forming journals for the dier; means for rotating one of the shafts; a cradle having its hubs freely mounted u pon the shafts; means carried by the hubs above the vaxis thereof for supporting a reel axially parallel with the flier and cradle; means for guiding the cord to the reel; a traveler supporting the guiding means; means for reciprocating the traveler upon the cradle; anda train of gears for rotating the reel, maintaining the cradle stationary and actuating the traveler-reciprocating means.

6. The combination with a iiier, of means for rotating the iiier; a cradle; means for supporting a reel upon and longitudinally of the cradle; planet-gearing carried in part by the dier for maintaining the cradle stationary; and means for rotating the reel embodying gears in part carried by the ilier and friction-disks interposed between the reel and gears.

7. 1n a cordage-machine, the combination of means for severally twisting a plurality of yarns to be laid into cordage, each embodying means for holding yarn, dac., and comprising a hanging holding portion carrying a reel-spindle; an antifriclion -roller for the yarn of substantiallyl the length ofthe holding portion and substantially parallel to the spindle; an antifriction-roller for the yarn having the plane of its axis transverse to the plane of the axis of the first roller; a smooth curved portion stationarily disposed in relation to both rollers and aording a bearing for the yarn when passing from one roller to the other; a tension device for the yarn; a pull-down; a flier for twisting the yarn twice after it has passed the tension; a pull-down for the cord or rope; a spindle capable of .holding a take-up reel in axial parallelism with the yarn-reel spindles; means for laying the rope onto the reel; and means for twisting the rope twice before it is delivered to the laying-up means.

8. In a cordage-machine, the combination of means for severally twisting a plurality of yarns to be laid into cordage, each embodying means for holding yarn, &c., and comprising a hanging holding portion carrying a reelspindle and weighted for maintaining it upright; an antifriction-roller for the yarn of substantially the length of the holding portion and substantially parallel to the spindle;

an antifriction-roller*for the yarn having the plane of its axis transverse to the plane of the axis of the first roller; a smooth curved portion stationarily disposed in relation to both rollers and affording a bearing for the yarn when passing from one roller to the other; a tension device for the yarn; a pull- IOO IIO

i as

Vyofyarns, each embodying a spindle for hold-` 9. In a cordage-machine, the combination of means for severallytwisting a plurality of yarns to be laidinto cordage, each embodying means for holding yarn, dac., and comprising a hanging holding portion carrying a reelspindle and weighted for maintaining it upright; an antifriction-roller for the yarn of substantially the length of the holding porti'on and substantially parallel to the spindle; an antifriction-roller for the yarn having the plane of its axis transverse to the plane of the axis of the first roller; a smooth curved portion stationarily disposed in relation to` both rollers and affording a bearing for the `yarn when passing from one roller to the other; a tension device for the yarn; a pulldown; means for twisting the yarn once after; it has passed the tension and before it is de` livered to the pull-down and once after it has `passed the pull-down; a pull-down for the `cord or rope; g a spindle capable of holding a` take-up reel in axial parallelism with the` yarn reel spindles; means for rotating the reel and compensating in therotation thereof for dierence in diameter as the body of rope onthe reel is increased; means for laying the `rope onto the reel; and means for twisting the rope twice after it is laid up and before it is` delivered to the rope-laying means.

10. In a cordage-machine, the combination with means for severally twisting a plurality ing a yarn-reel; a cradle for supporting the spindle; meansfor holding the reel upon the spindle and applying friction thereto; a curved surface upon the bottom of the cradle; an antifriction-roller of substantially the lengthof thereel located upon one edge of the bottom in substantial parallelism with the spindle; an antifriction-roller located upon the curved bottom near the other edge thereof and having its axis transverse to the axis -of the first roller, the organization of antifriction-rollers, spindle and curved surface being such that the yarn will be located upon the cradle ata fixed point, and drawn from all parts of the reel at substantially the same angle; a tension device carried bythe cradle `and comprising rolls of different diameters and means for `applying friction to one of the rolls; a pull-down comprising a pair of positively-driven capstans; a flier for twisting the yarn once after it has passed the tension i and-before it is delivered to the pull-down and once after it has passed the pull-down; means for stopping the mechanism upon the means for stopping the machine upon the 4 breaking of the cord.

1l. VIn a cordage-machine, the combinatio with means for severally twisting a plurality of yarns, each embodying a spindle for holding a yarn-reel; a cradle for supporting the spindle; means for holding the reel upon the spindle and applying friction thereto; a curved surface upon the bottom of the cradle; an antifriction roller of substantially the length of the reel located upon one' edge of the bottom in substantial parallelism with the spindle; an antifriction-roller located upon the curved bottom near the other edge thereof and having its axis transverse to the axis of the first roller, the organization of the antifriction-rollers, spindle and curved surface being such that the yarn will be located upon the cradle at a fixed point, and received by it from all parts of the reel at substantially the same angle; a tension device carried by the cradle and comprising rolls of different diameters and means for applying friction to one of the rolls; a pulldown comprising a pair of positively-driven capstans; a dier for twisting the yarn twice; means for stopping the mechanism lupon the breaking of the yarn, of a pull-down for the cord; means for taking up the cord embodying a spindle for holding a take-up reel; a cradle for supporting the spindle in `axial parallelism with the yarn-spindles; means for laying the cord onto the reel; means for causing the laying means to travel to and fro longitudinally of the reel; friction means forrotating the reel; a flier mountedin the axis of the cradle for receiving the cord axially of itself from the pull-down and delivering the cord axially of itself to the laying means and for giving the cord two twists; means for rotating the Hier; planet-gearing for holding the cradle in astationary position; and means for stopping the machine upon the breaking of the cord.

l2. In a rope-making machine; a cradle embodying a smooth bottom the outer surface ofwhich in cross-section is in the form of a segment of a circle concentric to the axis of the cradle; an antifriction-roll upon one edge of the cradle; and ayarn-gnide upon the outside of the cradle/at the other edge thereof.

13. A cradlefor a rope-machine embodying a smooth unobstructed bottom, the outer surface of which has in cross-section the form of a segment of a circle Iconcentric to the axis of the cradlegta roll upon one edge of IOO IIO

the bottom; and a yarn-guide or roll upon the outer side of the bottom at the edge opposite the roll and medially disposed thereon.

14:. A cradle embodying, hubs; arms secured thereto; a bottom carried by the arms and capable of embracing the ends of a spool; and a roll carried by the bottom of the cradle and not shorter than the spool to be embraced thereby.

15. A cradle embodying a smooth bottom portion and an antifriction-roll or yarn-guide located at one edge and upon the outer side of the bottom.

' 1li. In a cordage-machine, the combination of means for holding yarn, tbc., comprising a hanging holding portion; a roll of substantially the length of the holding portion; a roll having the plane of its axis transverse to the plane of the axis of the first roll; and

aslnooth curved portion stationarily disposed in relation to both rolls and affording a bearing for the yarn when passed between the rolls.

17. In a cordagemachine embodying a spool-spindle, the combination of a cradle supported axially coincident with the spoolspindle; a convex surface upon tho side thereof farthest from the spool; a roll at one edge of the cradle; and a transversely-disposed roll at the other edge ofthe cradle upon the convex surface thereof.

18. The combination with a flier, of means for rotating the filer; a cradle; means for supporting a reel upon the cradle lengthwise of the iiier; means for maintaining the cradle stationary; and friction means for rotating the reel.

19. The combination with a flier, of a cradle located therein; a tension comprising a pair of idler-rolls supported by the cradle, one of said rollsbeing smaller than the other; and means for applying friction to one ofthe rolls.

20. The combination with a tiier, of a cradle located therein; a tension comprisinga pair of idler-rolls supported by the cradle and capable of receiving the yarn, doc. before the point at which the twist is given it; and means for applying friction to one of the rolls.

21. The'combination with a flier, of a cradle supported thereby and embodying bearings; depending arms; a bottom provided with an antifriction-roll along one edge and a roll at its other edge located medially thereof; a pair of rolls about which the yarn may pass; and means for applying tension to` one of the pair of rolls.

22. In a cradle for a cordage-machine, the combination of depending arms; a curved bottom forming a bearing for the yarn; a roller along one side of the bottom; a roll located upon the bottom-*at the other side thereof; and a pair of rolls effective to receive the yarn before it is given its first` twist.

23. The combination with a take-up reel and a spindle constituting an axis for the take-up rotation of the take-up reel, of a cradle; means for holding the cradle substantially stationary; and a flier surrounding the cradle in substantial axial coincidence with the cradle-axis and with its axis of rotation parallel to the axis of rotation of the reel.

24. The combination with a revoluble iiier extending substantially from end to end of the mechanism; journals therefor; a cradle hanging upon said journals; a stationary gear-wheel; a gear-wheel upon the cradle; a bearing in the flier; a shaft mounted in the bearing; and pinious on the ends of the shaft in gear respectively with the stationary gear and the gear upon the cradle for maintaining said cradle against rotation with the flier.

25. The combination with a revoluble flier; a cradle; a reel-spindle longitudinally located Within the flierand carried bythe cradle; and means for positively maintaining the cradle in a relatively fixed position.

26. The combination with a fiier mounted upon an interrupted shaft; a cradle hanging upon said shaft; a reel-spindle extending lengthwise of the iiier; and means embodying a train of gearing for maintaining the cradle in a stationary position.

27. The combination of a take'- up rotary reel-spindle; a cradle; means for positively maintainingthe cradle stationary; and a flier, all in axial parallelism.

28. In a rope-machine, the combination With a rotary liier, of a cradle; means for positivelymaintaining the cradle stationary; a reel-spindle upon the cradle; a reel thereon; a friction-disk adapted to engage the reel; a friction-disk located adjacent to said rst disk and carrying an internally-toothed gear-wheel; friction-disks interposed between said disks; a gear-wheel carried by the flier; and a gear-wheel carried by the cradle and in mesh with said gear-wheel and with the internal gear.

29. The combination of a flier; means for rotating the iiier; a cradle; planet-gears for holding the cradle stationary; a reel-spindle carried by the cradle; means for feeding rope or cord to a reel upon the spindle; and means for reciprocating the feeding means lengthwise of the flier.

30. The combination Witha rotarytlier provided with journals, of a cradle hanging upon said journals; a reel-spindle mounted upon TCO IOS

IIO

the cradle; means for maintaining the cradle stationary,comprising planet-gearing; a gear iixed upon the hier-journal; a gear in meshfromv end to end of the mechanism and surrounding the cradle; and planet-gearing carried by the flier and cradle for maintaining the cradle stationary.

. 52. The combination witha pull-down, of a l flier for twisting cord twice and receiving and delivering the same axially of itself; shafts forming journals for the flier; means forrotating one ofthe shafts; a cradle having itsV hubs loosely mounted upon the shafts; means carried bythe hubs above the axis thereof for supporting a rotary take-up reel axially p `parallel in its take-up rotation with the flier and cradleymeans for guiding the cord to the reel; a traveler supporting the guiding means; means for reciprocating the traveler `upon the cradle; and a train of gears for rowith an internal gear andwith tating the reel, maintaining thecrade stationary, and actuating the traveler-reciprocating means;

1 33. The combination with reel-supporting 34. The combination with a flier, of a cradle `within the flier; a reel-spindle supported upon the cradle; a reel thereon; a disk provided threads upon its exterior; a plate provided with means for engaging the reel; frictiondisks between the plates; `adjusting means upon the hub; aygear-wheel carried by the flier; and a gear-wheel carried by the cradle and in mesh therewith and with the internal gear.

35. The combination with a flier, of acradle within the flier; a reel-spindle supported upon the cradle; a reel thereon; a disk provided at its edge at one side with an internal gear and at its other side with a threaded hub; a plate provided with means for engaging the reel; friction-disks between the plates; adjusting means upon the hub;`a gear-wheel carried by the flier; a gear-wheel carried by the cradle and in mesh therewith and with the internal gear; a reciprocatory device forl laying cord upon the reel; a worm parallel with the reelspindle and traversed by the laying-on device; and means in gear with the gear carried by the cradle for actuating the worm.

36. The combination with a pulldown of uniform delivery, of a flier for receiving from `the pull-down and twisting; a stationary cradle within andsurrounded bythe flier for receiviug from the flier; reel-suppcrting means carried by the cradle; reel-rotating means actuated by the dier; means for feeding to the reel; and means for reciprocating the `feeding means lengthwise Aof t-he flier.

37. The combination with a rotary flier, of a cradle within the `flier; a reel-spindle car- J ried by the cradle andV parallel with the axis ofrotation of the `flier; planet-gearing for a hubhaving holding the cradle stationary; a worm carried by the cradle and parallel with the reel-spindle; a traveler upon the worm for feeding to the reel; and means for rotating the worm.

38. The combination with a pull-down, of a rotary flier; a stationary cradle in the flier; planet-gears for maintaining the cradle stationary; a reel in the cradleand extending lengthwise of the flier for taking up t-he product; and means for rotating `the reel at variable and sufficient speed to take up the amount of rope fed forward by the pull-down. 39. The combination with a pull-down, of a rotary flier; a cradle in the flier; planetgears for holding the cradle stationaryin the flier; means for supporting a take-up reel on the cradle, located parallel to the axis of r0- tation of the flier; .means for rotating thereel at'variablefand sufficient speed to take up the rope which passes th rough the pull-down;

and means for imparting a double twist to the rope at each revolution of the flier.

40. The combination with a rotary take-up fiier, of a cradle located within said flier, a reel also located within the flier and extending longitudinally thereof; and positivelyl acting means for maintaining the cradle stationary.

- 4l. The combination with a rotary take-up flier, of a cradle located within said flier, a reel also located within the Hier-,and extending longitudinally thereof, and planet-gearing for maintaining the cradle stationary.

42. The combination with a rotary take-up filer, carrying a rotary reel located lengthwise of the flier, of a cradle located within said flier, means for maintaining the cradle stationary, means for laying up the cord upon the reel, and means for controlling and imparting a variable movement to said reel.

43. The combination with a rotary take-up flier carrying a rotary reel located lengthwise of the flier, of a cradle located within said flier, `means for maintaining the cradle sta- IIO tionary, means for laying up the cord upon the reel, and friction means for controlling and imparting a variable movement to said reel. 44; The combination with ailier extending substantially from end to end of the mechanism carrying a reel located length wise thereof, of a cradle within the flier, means for holding the cradle stationary, driven friction means for controlling the movement of the reel, and means forreciprocating the cord upon the reel.

45. The combination with a rotary flier, of a reel located lengthwise thereof, a cradle within the (lier, means for holding thecradle stationary, positively-driven means for controlling and imparting a variable movement to the reel, and means for laying up the cord upon the reel.

46. The combination witha rotary llier, of a cradle within said flier, a reel also located within said flier lengthwise thereof, meansv for maintaining said cradle against rotation with the Hier, and means for reciprocating the cord upon the reel.

47. .The combination with a rotary Hier, of a reel therein located lengthwise thereof, a cradle within the Hier, means for holding the cradle stationary, friction means for controlling the movement ofthe reel, means for positively driving one member of said friction means and including a part carried by said stationary cradle, and means for reciprocating the cord upon the reel.

48. The combination with a Hier, of a reel therein located lengthwise thereof, a cradle within the Hier, means for holding the cradle stationary, friction means for controlling the movement of the reel, means for positively driving one membervof said friction means and including a part carried by said stationary cradle, and means carried by the cradle for reciprocating the cord upon the reel.

49. A take-up mechanism comprising a rotary Hier, a cradle located within said Hier, a reel also located within and lengthwise of the Hier', planet-gearing for maintaining the cradle stationary, and a positively -driven driver and friction-driven means driven by such driver for rotating the reel at a variable speed.

50. A takeup mechanism comprising a Hier, a cradle extending lengthwise thereof` within said Hier, planet-gearing for maintaining the cradle stationary, a reel likewise located within and extending lengthwise of the Hier, and means including friction means for rotating the reel at a variable speed.

5l. The combination with a pull-down for feeding cord at a uniform speed, of take-up mechanism comprising a Hier, a cradle within said Hier, means for maintaining the cradle stationary, a take-up reel likewise located within and lengthwise of the Hier, and means including friction means for rotating the reel to take up the cord corresponding with the` amount thereof fed forward by the pull-down.

52. The combination with means for feeding cord at a uniform speed to the take-up reel, of a rotary take-up Hier, a take-up reel supportedtherein lengthwise thereof for the cord, means for rotating said Hier, means for* imparting movement from the Hier to the reel, and means comprising parallel friction-disks for controlling the movement of the reel so that the rotation thereof will correspond with the amount of cord fed thereto.

53. The combination with rotary means for supplying the cord to take-up mechanism, of a single rotary take-up Hier, rotating in a different direction and receiving and delivering the cord endwise of itself, means for rotating said Hier, a take-up reel for th'e cord located within and lengthwise of the Hier, means for rotating the reel, means for controlling the speed of the reel, and means stationary with relation to said Hier for laying up the cord upon said reel, the organization being such that two twists are given to the cord for each revolution of the Hier.

54. The combination with means for feeding cord at a uniform speed to the take-up reel, of a rotary take-np Hier, a take-up reel supported therein and lengthwise thereof for the cord, means for rotating said Hier, means including friction means for imparting movement from the Hier to the reel, and for controlling the movement of the reel so that the rotation thereof will correspond with the amount of cord fed thereto.

55. The combination with means for feeding cord at a-uniform speed to the take-up reel, of a rotary take-up Hier, a take-up reel supported therein and lengthwise thereof for the cord, means for rotating said Hier, means including friction means for imparting movement from the Hier to the reel, and for controlling the movement of the reel so that the rotation thereof will correspond with the amount of cord fed thereto, said friction means comprising a positively-driven frictiondisk in gear with the Hier, a driven frictiondisk in positive connection with the reel, and an intermediate friction member.

56. The combination with a rotary take-up Hier, of a reel supported therein for the cord; means for rotating said Hier; and means for rotating said reel at a variable speed, comprising an internal gear, a friction member connected to said reel and a friction member intermediate said gear and member.

57. The combination with a rotary take-up Hier,- of a reel supported therein for the cord; means for rotating said Hier; and means for rotating said reel at a variable speed, comprising an internal gear, a friction member connected to said reel and a friction member intermediate said gear and member, and means for adjusting the frictional engagement of said friction members relatively to each other.

58. 'lhe combination with a rotary take-up Hier, of a reel supported therein for the cord, means for rotating said Hier, and means for rotating said reel at a variable speed, comprising an internal-gear friction-disk, means for imparting movement from the Hier to said internal-gear disk, a friction-disk connected to said reel, and one or more friction members intermediate said disks.

59. The combination with a rotary take-up Hier, of a reel supported therein for the cord, means for rotating said Hier, and means for rotating said reel at a variable speed, comprising an internal-gear f riction-disk, means for imparting movement from the Hier to said internal-gear disk, a friction-disk connected to said reel, one or more friction members intermediate said disks, and means for adjusting the frictional engagement of said disks relatively to said members.

60. The combination with means for feeding the cord, of a single rotary take-up Hier carrying take-up means located lengthwise IOO IIO

1.5 i within said`flierlengtliwise thereof,positively thereof, means for reciprocating the cord upon the take-up means, means for holding said reciprocating means against rotary movement `with the flier, and means for rotating said Y livering the cord endwise of itself, means for rotating said flier, aI take-up reel for the cord located within and lengthwise of the Iiier, means for rotating `the reel, means for controlling the speed of the reel, a cradle located acting means for holding said cradle stationary, and means carried thereby for recipro- H eating the cord upon the reel, the organizationbeing such that two twists are given to thecord for each revolution of the iiier.

62. The combination with meansifor feeding cord at a uniform speed, of a single rotary take-up iiientake-up means located withinV and lengthwise of said iiier, means for reciprocating the cord upon the take-up means,

" means for holding the reciprocating means are given to the cord at each revolution of the against rotary movement with the flier, means for rotating said feeding means and flier together, a part of said feeding means having its axis of rotation transverse to the axis of rotation of said flier, the organization being Asuch thattwo twists are given to the cord for each revolution of the flier, and means for rotating the take-up means at a variable speed corresponding to the amount of cord fed thereto by the feeding means.

63. The combination with a pull-down for feeding cord at a uniform speed, of a rotary take-up flier, a reel extending longitudinally thereof,means for reciprocating the cord upon the reel, means for holding said reciprocating means against rotation with the iiier, and means for rotating the pull-down and tiier, the organization being such that two twists dier.

64. The combination with a pull-down fon feeding cord at a uniform speed, of a rotary '50.

thereof, means for reciprocatingthe cord upon take-up flier, a reel extending longitudinally the reel, means for holding said reciprocating -means against rotation with the iier, means for rotating a part ofthe pull-down and flier in different directions relatively to each other,`

i the organizatiopngbeing such that two twists are given to the rope at eachrevolution of the` flier, and means for-rotating the reel at a va-` riable speed corresponding to the amount of,

Acord fed thereto by the pull-down. i i

g 65. `The combinationwitha pull-down fr lfeeding cordata uniform speed, a reel fortaking ups'uch-cord 'as it is fed forward by' said pull-down,"arotary"flier extending sub-1 stantially fromend to end of the mechanism,

`meansforlfrqtatingsaid flier, and means stationaryfwith i'elationto such iiier for feeding cord to the reel, the organization being such that the cord is given a plurality of twists for each revolution of the iiier.

` 66. The combination with a pull-down for feeding cord at a uniform speed, a reel for taking up such cord as it is fed forward by the pull-down, a rotary flier surrounding said reel, means for rotating said flier, and means stationary with relation to such flier for feeding the cord to the reel, the organization being such that the cord is given a plurality of twists for each revolution of the dier, and means for imparting movement from said flier to said reel comprisingl means for rotating said reel at a variable speed. 67. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a single rotary take up iiier extending substantially from end to end of the mechanism, of means for rotating said flier, and mechanism coperating therewith and so organized that the material is twisted twice f or each revolution of said iiier, substantially as described.

combination with a single rotary dier, of

means for feeding cord, a take-up means located lengthwise of and surroundedby said fiier, and mechanism coperating with said iiier and said means, the organization being such that the cord is fed forward at a uniform speed and taken up in a uniform manner and during such steps giventwo twists for each revolution of the flier, substantially as described.

69. Atake-up mechanism com prisinga horizontally-rotating reel, means for laying up cordage thereon, and a triple-roll mechanism organized to supply thereto cord at a uniform speed so that such reel acts simply and solely as a take-up means and not as a pull-down.'

70. A take-up mechanism comprising a rotary iier, a rotary take-up reel located longitudinally of and within said iiier, means for laying up cord upon said reel, and triple-roll mechanism organized to supply to said reel cord at a uniform speed so that the said drum acts simply and solely as a take-up means and not as a pull-down.

7l. The combination with meansfor feeding cord, of a single rotary take-up flier receiving and delivering the cord axially of itself, a reel within and extending lengthwise of said flier, means for rotating said reel, means station- IOO IIO

ary with relation to said flier and reciprocating lengthwise thereof for laying up the cord upon the reel, and means for controlling the speed of said reel so that it will, be retarded as its diameter increases duri gthe laying up of such cord, to correspond/withV the amount thereof fed thereto, the organization being gne-h, that the cord is twisted twice for cach revolution of the flier.

72, Thzcom-bination with a pull-down for feeding cord at a uniform speed, means for rotating the pull-down at acer-tain speed, a flier located endwise to said pull-down, means for rotating said ,flier and pull-down, a reel within and extending lengthwise of said flier, means for imparting movement from said flier to saidreel, comprising friction means for rotating said reel at a variable speed, a cradle also supported within said flier, means for maintaining the cradle stationary, and reciprocating means carried by said cradle forlaying up the cord upon the reel.

73. The combination of'a pull-down rotating at a certain speed for feeding cord, a ilier rotatable with said pull-down, a reel Within and extending lengthwise of the flier and rotatable at variable speed, and mechanism cooperating with these elements so that the cord is twisted twice for each revolution of said flier and is laid upon the reel according to the amount fed forward by the pull-down regardless of the increasing diameter of such reel.

74. In a cordage-machine, the combination with means for twisting yarn into a strand to be laid into cord, of a pull-down rotating at a certain speed for feeding the cord, a flier rotatable with said pull-down, a reel within and extending lengthwise of the flierand rotatable at a variable speed, and mechanism cooperating with these elements so that the cord is twisted twice for each revolution of the flier and is laid upon the reel according to the amount fed forward by the pull-down regardless of the increasing diameter of such reel.

75. In a cordage-machine, the combination with means for twisting yarn into a strand to Vbe laid into cord, of ai pull-down for feeding with means for twisting yarn into a strand to be laid into cord, of a pull-down for feeding the cord at a uniform speed, a reel for taking up such cord as it is fed forward by said pulldown, a rotary flier extending lengthwise of the axis of such reel, means for rotating said flier, the organization being such that the cord is given a pluralityof twists for each revolution of the flier, and means for imparting movement from said flier to said reel, comf prising means for rotating said drum at a variable speed.

77. In a cordage-machine, the combination with means for twisting yarn to be laid into cord, comprising a flier and mechanism cooperating therewith, for twisting yarn twice for each revolution of the flier, a pull-down for feeding the wird-at a uniform speed, a reel for taking up sich cord as it is fed forward by said pull-down, a rot-ary dier ext-ending lengthwise of the axis of such reel, and means for rotating said Hier, the organization being such that the cord is given a plurality of twists for each revolution of the flier.

78. In a cordage-machine, the combination with means for twisting yarn to be laid into cord, comprising a dier and mechanism cooperating therewith for twisting the yarn twice for each revolution of the liier, a pulldown for feeding cord at a uniform speed, a reel for taking up such cord as it is fed forward by said pull-down, a rotary flier extending lengthwise of the axis of such reel, means for rotating said Iiier, the organization being such that the cord is given a pluralityof twists for each revolution of the flier, and means for imparting movement from said ier to said take-up means, comprising means for rotating said take-up means at a variable speed.

79. In a cordage-machine, the combination with means for twisting yarn into strands to be laid into cord, of a pull-down for the cord, means for twisting the cord a plurality of times, a reel located lengthwise of the twisting means for taking up the twisted cord, means for frictionally driving the reel from the twisting means, means for laying up the cord upon the reel, and means for maintaining the laying-on means in a fixed plane.-

80. In a cordage-machine, the combination with means for twisting yarn a plurality 'of times, a tension device, means for guiding the yarn to the tension device, a pull-down for the cord, a take-up for the cord, and means for twisting the cord a plurality of times.

8l. A cradle having a smooth curved bottom and an antifriction-roll carried thereby and extending in parallelism therewith and around which the yarn is adapted to pass transversely.

82. In a cordage-machine, the combination with means for holding yarn, a roll around which the yarn passes transversely from said holding means, a roll having the plane of its axis transverse to the plane of the axis of said Y first roll, a member having a smooth curved portion stationarily disposed relatively to such rolls and aording a bearing for the yarn while passing from one to the other of said rolls.A

S3. A cradle having a smooth bottom, and a roll carried thereby with its axis transverse to the plane of the axis of said cradle.

84. The combination with a cradle, of a tension comprising a pair of rolls supported by said cradle one above the other.

85. The combination witha cradle, of atension comprising a pair of rolls supported by said cradle one above theot'her, and means forV applying friction to one of said rolls.

86. The combination with a cradle, of a tension comprising a pair of rollswsupported by the cradle one above the other, eachwith the plane of its axis transverse to the plane of the axis of the cradle.

9.7.' The combination with a cradle, of a tension comprising a pair of rolls supported by the cradle one above the other, each with the plane of its axis transverse to the plane of the axis of the cradle, and means for applying friction to one of said rolls.

8S. The combination with a rotary flier, of a spool, and a tension comprising a pair of IIO `intermediate its `the Hier.

89. -The combination with a rotary Hier, of.

ing friction to one of said rolls. T 90. The combination with a rotary Hier, of

rolls located within said Hier and supported with the planes of their axes substantially parallel, and around which the yarn passes passage from said spool to a spool, and a tension comprising a pair of rolls located within said Hier and supported with the planes of their axessubstantially parallel and around which the yarn alter nately passes intermediate its passage from said spool to the Hier, and means for applya spooLand a-tension comprising a pair of .idler-rolls located within said Hier, one lo-l cated above the'other, each located with its axis transverse to the plane of the axis of said Hier and around which the yarn passes intermediate its passage from said spool to the Hier.

91. The combination with a rotary Hier, a spool located therein, a tension comprising a pair of idler-rolls located within the Hier and around which theyarn alternately passes to form a figure 8 before passing to the Hier.

92. The `combination witha rotary Hier, of a spool located therein, a cradle supported within said Hier and around which the cord passes from thespool, and a tension comprising a pair of idler-rolls located within the Hier and to which vthe yarn passes from `the cradle and around which it alternately passes to form -a figure 8 before passing to the Hier. V

93. The combination with a rotary Hier, of

a spool locatedl therein, a cradle supported within said Hier, a guide carried by and ex tending parallel to said cradle at one part thereof and a guide carried at another part thereof for guiding the yarn as it passes from the spool, and a tension comprising a pair of idler-rolls located within the Hier and to which the yarn passes from the cradle and around `which it alternately passes to form a figure 8 before passing to the Hier.

94:. The combination with a single rotary Hier, of a spool carried therein, tension means located within said Hier vfor preventing the cork-screwing and kinking of the yarn, and mechanism cooperating with said Hier, the

organization being effective to give the yarn two twists for each revolution of said single Hier.

95. The combination with a single rotary Hier, of a spool carried therein, tension means located within said Hier, a pull-down for the yarn, and mechanism coperating with 4said Hier, the organization effective to give the yarn two twists for each revolution of said single Hier.

96. 4In a machine of the class described the combination withv a pull-down for feeding the cord uniformly, of mechanism includinga sinive togive two twists to the cord for each revolution of such Hier.`

` 97. The combinationof a single rotary Hier,

gle end-to-end-extending take-up Hier eHect a spool carried therein, tensionmeans located within said Hier, mechanism coperatingwith l said Hier, the organization effective to give the yarn two twists for each revolution of said single Hier, a pull-down for feeding the cord in a uniform manner, a take-up mechanism comprising a Hier and a reel, and means cooperating therewith, the organization being such that the cord is likewise given two twists for each revolution of the Hier.

98. The combination with a Hier, of a guide located near the hub thereof, a guide located near the periphery of said Hier, and a stop member carried by said Hier and through which the cord passes duringits passage from one guide to the other, and means in position to be engaged by said stop member on the breakage of said cord thereby to stop the mechanism. v

99. The combination of a Hier, having a head, of yarn or strand guide rolls carried by said head one adjacent to the hub thereof and the other adjacent to its periphery, a U- shaped arm or loop pivoted upon said head with its free end extending between said guide-rolls, a rock-shaft and a disk or collar upon said shaft provided with Hngers with which said U-shaped arm when free may engage, thereby to stop the mechanism.

100. The combination with a Hier, of acradle supported therein; a reel-spindle pivotally supported by said cradle at one end for swinging movement; and a spring carried by said cradle for maintaining said spindle in its normal position..

101. The combination with a Hier, of a cra.

dle supported therein; a reelspindle pivotally supported by said cradle atene end for swinging movement; a spring carried by said cradle for maintaining said spindle in its normal position and tension means comprising a pair of rolls also carried by said cradle.

102. The combination with a Hier, of aeradle supported therein; a reel-spindle pi'votally supported by said cradle at one lend for swinging movement, a spring carried by said cradle formaintaining said spindle in its normal position; and yarnfguiding means located at each side of said cradle.

103. The combination with a two-part shaft, a rotary Hier Hxedly secured thereto, a de- ICO IIO

pending cradle loosely supported at its ends upon said shaft and carrying a reel-spindle, and means for preventing the rotation of said cradle with said shaft on the rotation of the Hier. V

104. The combination with a rotary Hier, of a reel or drum supported therein with its axis of rotationin a plane parallel to the plane of the axis of rotation of said Hier; means for rotating said Hier; a stationary cradle; positively-actin g means for maintaining said cradle stationary; and means carried thereby for laying up the cord on said drum.

105. The combination with a rotary Hier and its shaft, of a frictiondisk having internal gear-teeth mounted within said flier; a

cradle supported within said ier; a gear carried by said cradle and in mesh with the teeth of said friction-disk; a gear carried by the flier-shaft and in mesh With said cradle-gear for imparting motion to the friction-disk, a reel Within said iiier and friction means intermediate said reel and friction-disk gear for imparting motion to said reel.

106. The combination with a single rotary ier, of a pair of tubular journals therefor through which the cord passes to and from the flier, cord-holding means located Within and lengthwise of said flier, a stationary crain substantial alinement with such bore.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of zo two subscribing witnesses, this 15th' day of August, A. D. 1896.

THOMAS W. NORMAN.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR W. CROSSLEY, ARTHUR F. RANDALL.

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