US744199A - Cave. - Google Patents

Cave. Download PDF

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Publication number
US744199A
US744199A US16884202A US1902168842A US744199A US 744199 A US744199 A US 744199A US 16884202 A US16884202 A US 16884202A US 1902168842 A US1902168842 A US 1902168842A US 744199 A US744199 A US 744199A
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United States
Prior art keywords
vaults
cave
central compartment
stairway
compartment
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Expired - Lifetime
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US16884202A
Inventor
Frank J Hubbell
George Washington Hubbell
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Priority to US16884202A priority Critical patent/US744199A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/04—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
    • E04H9/10—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls
    • E04H9/12—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls entirely underneath the level of the ground, e.g. air-raid galleries
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/14—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather

Definitions

  • Our improvement relates to caves of the kind sometimes termed cyclone-cellars or tornado'vaultsf and the object is to build an artificial cave or vault which will serve as a place of protection during cyclones and also as a convenient place to store farm produce at all times. To serve in this double capacity, it is essential that the cave be protected from the wind, be dry, and have some system of ventilation.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective sectional view through the stairway and center of the building.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the cave.
  • A represents the vertical side wall of the cave, and A the sidewalls of the stairway. Even at its highest point the wall A does not extend to the surface of the earth.
  • the wall A isof such configuration that it incloses five vaults B, which are arranged radially around the central compartment C.
  • vaults E E At the head of the stairway D is door D, the stairway being covered by two arches D D while at the foot of the stairs is an arch D Upon either side of the stairs open vaults E E, the latter being in a lower plane than the former. These vaults are also arched over, their floors being some distance above the steps upon which they open.
  • Each of the vaults B is arched over by a Gothic arch B.
  • the fioors B of the vaults B are on a higher level than the floor of the central compartment.
  • the central compartment is covered by a dome C, rising from the arches B and D
  • the vaults B are entirely underground, the dome C and the walls A and arches D D being the only parts above the surface.
  • pipes F having hoods F, extend upward from the central dome and from each vault, those from the vaults having dampers F which can be turned from without the cave.
  • the vaults E E are especially adaptedfor the storage of butter, milk, &c., while the vaults B will serve for the storage of other articles of farm produce.
  • the central compartment or the vaults B will also'afford protection in case of cyclones, there being no portion of the vaults that would be exposed in any way to damage from a wind-storm.
  • a central compartment arched vaults radiating from said center, a passage and stairway leading down to said compartment, a dome over the central compartment resting on the arches of the vaults, the top of said vaults being below the surface of the ground and means for ventilating said cave.
  • An artificial cave comprising a central compartment the floor and side walls of said compartment being below the surface of the ground, a passage-way having an arched roof and inclosing a stairway leading down to said central compartment, vaults having arched roofs extending radially from the central compartment, the floor of said vaults be ing above the level of the'central compartment and their roofs being below the surface of the ground, and ventilating-pipes extending upward from the dome and vaults.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Description

UNITED STATES Patented November 17, 1903.
PATENT OFFICE.
FRANK J. HUBBELL' AND GEORGE WASHINGTON HUBBEL'L, OF ST.
' CHARLES, IOWA.
oAvE.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 744,199, dated November 1-7, 1903.
Application filed November 8,1902. Renewed August 8, 1903. Serial No. 16 8.842. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern:
- Be it known that we, FRANK J. HUBBELL and GEORGE WASHINGTON HUBBELL, citizens of the United States, residing at St. Charles,
in the county of Madison and State of Iowa,
have invented a new and useful Cave, of which the following is a specification.
Our improvement relates to caves of the kind sometimes termed cyclone-cellars or tornado'vaultsf and the object is to build an artificial cave or vault which will serve as a place of protection during cyclones and also as a convenient place to store farm produce at all times. To serve in this double capacity, it is essential that the cave be protected from the wind, be dry, and have some system of ventilation.
Our construction is fully shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective sectional view through the stairway and center of the building. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the cave.
In carrying out ourimprovement we make an excavation of a sufficient size and depth and construct therein a building of stone or brick, having a central domed compartment and a stairway-passage leading downward to it.
In the drawings, A represents the vertical side wall of the cave, and A the sidewalls of the stairway. Even at its highest point the wall A does not extend to the surface of the earth. The wall A isof such configuration that it incloses five vaults B, which are arranged radially around the central compartment C. i
At the head of the stairway D is door D, the stairway being covered by two arches D D while at the foot of the stairs is an arch D Upon either side of the stairs open vaults E E, the latter being in a lower plane than the former. These vaults are also arched over, their floors being some distance above the steps upon which they open. Each of the vaults B is arched over by a Gothic arch B. The fioors B of the vaults B are on a higher level than the floor of the central compartment. The central compartment is covered by a dome C, rising from the arches B and D The vaults B are entirely underground, the dome C and the walls A and arches D D being the only parts above the surface.
In order to secure ventilation, pipes F, having hoods F, extend upward from the central dome and from each vault, those from the vaults having dampers F which can be turned from without the cave.
The vaults E E are especially adaptedfor the storage of butter, milk, &c., while the vaults B will serve for the storage of other articles of farm produce. The central compartment or the vaults B will also'afford protection in case of cyclones, there being no portion of the vaults that would be exposed in any way to damage from a wind-storm.
It will be seen, therefore, that we have devised a cave fully adapted to carry out the objects enumerated in the first part of this specification.
Having thus fully described our invention, what We claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
1. In an artificial cave, a central compartment arched vaults radiating from said center, a passage and stairway leading down to said compartment, a dome over the central compartment resting on the arches of the vaults, the top of said vaults being below the surface of the ground and means for ventilating said cave.
2. An artificial cave, comprising a central compartment the floor and side walls of said compartment being below the surface of the ground, a passage-way having an arched roof and inclosing a stairway leading down to said central compartment, vaults having arched roofs extending radially from the central compartment, the floor of said vaults be ing above the level of the'central compartment and their roofs being below the surface of the ground, and ventilating-pipes extending upward from the dome and vaults.
FRANK J. llUBBELh. GEORGE WASHINGTON HUBBELL.
Witnesses:
O. W. MINARD, CORA IRWIN.
US16884202A 1902-11-08 1902-11-08 Cave. Expired - Lifetime US744199A (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3298146A (en) * 1964-10-26 1967-01-17 Retz Philip Multilevel subsurface building construction
US3464374A (en) * 1965-07-08 1969-09-02 Ernst Basler Underground shelter
US4078346A (en) * 1973-07-03 1978-03-14 Harald Mann Earth covered multi-story residential building
US4352260A (en) * 1980-03-14 1982-10-05 Pearcey Leroy G Underground house and construction method
US4440376A (en) * 1980-09-09 1984-04-03 Peterson Richard E Earth sheltered building technology
US4660334A (en) * 1985-10-02 1987-04-28 Mccarthy Walton W Theta blast cell
ES2396519A1 (en) * 2012-09-05 2013-02-22 Jaime VEGA-HAZAS REBOLLO Energy-saving semi-underground prefabricated building (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
US20140349562A1 (en) * 2013-05-24 2014-11-27 Strata Products Worldwide, Llc Change Over Station and Method
US10180010B2 (en) * 2015-06-02 2019-01-15 Shelter Japan Co., Ltd. Half-underground evacuation shelter
US20230226386A1 (en) * 2022-01-19 2023-07-20 Tanzie Crawford Student Enclosure Assembly

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3298146A (en) * 1964-10-26 1967-01-17 Retz Philip Multilevel subsurface building construction
US3464374A (en) * 1965-07-08 1969-09-02 Ernst Basler Underground shelter
US4078346A (en) * 1973-07-03 1978-03-14 Harald Mann Earth covered multi-story residential building
US4352260A (en) * 1980-03-14 1982-10-05 Pearcey Leroy G Underground house and construction method
US4440376A (en) * 1980-09-09 1984-04-03 Peterson Richard E Earth sheltered building technology
US4660334A (en) * 1985-10-02 1987-04-28 Mccarthy Walton W Theta blast cell
ES2396519A1 (en) * 2012-09-05 2013-02-22 Jaime VEGA-HAZAS REBOLLO Energy-saving semi-underground prefabricated building (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
US20140349562A1 (en) * 2013-05-24 2014-11-27 Strata Products Worldwide, Llc Change Over Station and Method
US10180010B2 (en) * 2015-06-02 2019-01-15 Shelter Japan Co., Ltd. Half-underground evacuation shelter
US20230226386A1 (en) * 2022-01-19 2023-07-20 Tanzie Crawford Student Enclosure Assembly

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