jus

John Skrentny, a sociology professor at the University of California, San Diego, believes that, though birthright citizenship or jus soli is common throughout the Americas, "each nation-state had its own unique road to it".

Many African nations, which historically followed jus soli under colonial-era legal systems, later abandoned it after gaining independence.

Ireland was the last country in the region to allow unrestricted jus soli.

More than 30 countries - including Canada, Mexico, Malaysia and Lesotho - practise automatic "jus soli", or "right of the soil" without restriction.

Throughout the competition, Erales showcased his talent and passion with standout dishes such as smoked and glazed plums with orchard fruit jus, pork and chicken; banana leaf-steamed black cod with crispy skin and salsa veracruzana; sopa de mariscos; and short rib with chichilo negro mole, mushrooms, and pickled persimmons.