JP2009048808A - Light-emitting device - Google Patents

Light-emitting device Download PDF

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JP2009048808A
JP2009048808A JP2007211922A JP2007211922A JP2009048808A JP 2009048808 A JP2009048808 A JP 2009048808A JP 2007211922 A JP2007211922 A JP 2007211922A JP 2007211922 A JP2007211922 A JP 2007211922A JP 2009048808 A JP2009048808 A JP 2009048808A
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electrode layer
light emitting
thickness direction
substrate
light
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Minoru Maehara
稔 前原
Takao Miyai
隆雄 宮井
Mari Fujimoto
真理 藤本
Shinichi Abe
慎一 安部
Yoshitoku Saito
良徳 齋藤
Yoko Matsubayashi
容子 松林
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/81—Anodes
    • H10K50/813—Anodes characterised by their shape

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Abstract

【課題】見栄えの良い輝度の勾配が得られる発光装置を提供する。
【解決手段】透光性を有する材料からなり扁平な基板１と、透光性と導電性とを有する材料からなり厚さ方向を基板１の厚さ方向に向けて基板１の厚さ方向の一方の面上に設けられた第１の電極層２と、厚さ方向を基板１の厚さ方向に向けて第１の電極層２を挟んで基板１の反対側に設けられ通電された電流の密度に応じた輝度で発光する発光層３と、導電性を有する材料からなり厚さ方向を基板１の厚さ方向に向けて発光層３を挟んで第１の電極層２の反対側に設けられた第２の電極層４とを備える。第１の電極層２の厚さ寸法と、発光層３の厚さ寸法とは、それぞれ、発光層３に流れる電流密度すなわち発光層３の輝度を一端から他端に向かって大きくする方向に連続的に変化している。互いに分離した複数個の発光層３を設ける場合に比べ、見栄えが改善されている。
【選択図】図１Provided is a light emitting device capable of obtaining a good-looking luminance gradient.
A flat substrate 1 made of a light-transmitting material and a thickness direction of the substrate 1 made of a light-transmitting and conductive material with the thickness direction directed to the thickness direction of the substrate 1 A first electrode layer 2 provided on one surface, and a current supplied on the opposite side of the substrate 1 across the first electrode layer 2 with the thickness direction directed toward the thickness direction of the substrate 1 A light-emitting layer 3 that emits light with a luminance corresponding to the density of the light-emitting element, and a material made of a conductive material, with the light-emitting layer 3 sandwiching the light-emitting layer 3 with the thickness direction facing the thickness direction of the substrate 1 And a second electrode layer 4 provided. The thickness dimension of the first electrode layer 2 and the thickness dimension of the light emitting layer 3 are each continuous in the direction of increasing the current density flowing through the light emitting layer 3, that is, the luminance of the light emitting layer 3 from one end to the other end. Is changing. The appearance is improved as compared with the case where a plurality of light emitting layers 3 separated from each other are provided.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、発光装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a light emitting device.

従来から、有機ＥＬを用いた発光装置が提供されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   Conventionally, a light emitting device using an organic EL has been provided (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

この種の発光装置として、図６及び図７に示すように、透光性を有する材料からなる基板１と、透光性を有する材料からなり基板の一面上に設けられた第１の電極層２と、第１の電極層２上に設けられ厚さ方向に通電されることにより電流密度に応じて発光する発光層３と、発光層３上に設けられた第２の電極層４とを備えるものがある。発光層３は例えば周知の有機ＥＬからなる。この種の発光装置においては、第１の電極層２と第２の電極層４との間に電圧を加えると、発光層３が発光し、この光が第１の電極層２と基板１とを介して図７における下方へ出射される。また、例えば合成樹脂からなり基板１の厚さ方向から見て第１の電極層２と発光層３と第２の電極層４とを覆うカバー５を備える。各第１の電極層２と一端の第２の電極層４とはそれぞれ一部ずつがカバー５から露出しており、この露出した部位が電源ＥＩに接続される端子となる。以下、上下左右は図６を基準として説明する。   As a light emitting device of this type, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a substrate 1 made of a light-transmitting material and a first electrode layer made of a light-transmitting material and provided on one surface of the substrate 2, a light emitting layer 3 that is provided on the first electrode layer 2 and emits light in accordance with the current density when energized in the thickness direction, and a second electrode layer 4 provided on the light emitting layer 3. There is something to prepare. The light emitting layer 3 is made of, for example, a known organic EL. In this type of light emitting device, when a voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode layer 4, the light emitting layer 3 emits light, and this light is emitted from the first electrode layer 2 and the substrate 1. Is emitted downward in FIG. Further, for example, a cover 5 made of a synthetic resin and covering the first electrode layer 2, the light emitting layer 3, and the second electrode layer 4 when viewed from the thickness direction of the substrate 1 is provided. Each of the first electrode layers 2 and the second electrode layer 4 at one end are partially exposed from the cover 5, and the exposed portions serve as terminals connected to the power supply EI. Hereinafter, the upper, lower, left and right will be described with reference to FIG.

上記従来例では、上端から下端に向かって徐々に輝度を高くするような輝度の勾配を設けるために、互いに離間した５個の第１の電極層２を上下に並べて設けるとともに、上下に並ぶ第１の電極層２間をそれぞれ１個ずつの発光層３と第２の電極層４とを介して電気的に接続している。すなわち、各第１の電極層２に対してそれぞれ下端の第２の電極層４との間に電源ＥＩを接続すれば、下側の発光層３ほど電流密度が高くなって輝度が高くなるから、下方に向かって徐々に輝度が高くなるという輝度の勾配が得られる。
特開２００５−１４２００２号公報 In the above conventional example, in order to provide a brightness gradient that gradually increases brightness from the upper end to the lower end, five first electrode layers 2 that are spaced apart from each other are provided side by side, and One electrode layer 2 is electrically connected to each other through one light emitting layer 3 and a second electrode layer 4. That is, if the power source EI is connected between the first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode layer 4 at the lower end, the current density becomes higher and the luminance becomes higher in the lower light emitting layer 3. Thus, a luminance gradient is obtained in which the luminance gradually increases downward.
JP-A-2005-142002

しかし、上記従来例の方法で輝度の勾配を得た場合、発光層３間の隙間に起因した輝度むらが生じてしまい、見栄えが悪かった。   However, when the luminance gradient is obtained by the above-described conventional method, the luminance unevenness due to the gap between the light emitting layers 3 occurs, and the appearance is poor.

本発明は、上記事由に鑑みて為されたものであり、その目的は、見栄えの良い輝度の勾配が得られる発光装置を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above reasons, and an object of the present invention is to provide a light emitting device capable of obtaining a good-looking luminance gradient.

請求項１の発明は、透光性を有する材料からなり扁平な基板と、透光性と導電性とを有する材料からなり厚さ方向を基板の厚さ方向に向けて基板の厚さ方向の一方の面上に設けられ直流電源の正極と負極との一方に接続される第１の電極層と、厚さ方向を基板の厚さ方向に向けて第１の電極層を挟んで基板の反対側に設けられ通電された電流の密度に応じた輝度で発光する発光層と、導電性を有する材料からなり厚さ方向を基板の厚さ方向に向けて発光層を挟んで第１の電極層の反対側に設けられ直流電源の正極と負極とのうち第１の電極層とは異なる側に接続される第２の電極層とを備え、第１の電極層の厚さ寸法と発光層の厚さ寸法と第２の電極層の厚さ寸法との合計において発光層の厚さ寸法が占める比率が、厚さ方向に直交する方向へ向かって徐々に変化した部位を有することを特徴とする。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, a flat substrate made of a light-transmitting material, and a material made of a light-transmitting and conductive material, the thickness direction of the substrate is directed to the thickness direction of the substrate. A first electrode layer provided on one surface and connected to one of a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a DC power source, and opposite to the substrate with the first electrode layer sandwiched with the thickness direction facing the thickness direction of the substrate A light emitting layer that is provided on the side and emits light with a luminance corresponding to the density of the energized current, and a first electrode layer made of a conductive material with the light emitting layer sandwiched with the thickness direction facing the substrate thickness direction And a second electrode layer connected to a side different from the first electrode layer of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current power source, and the thickness dimension of the first electrode layer and the light emitting layer A direction in which the ratio of the thickness dimension of the light emitting layer in the sum of the thickness dimension and the thickness dimension of the second electrode layer is orthogonal to the thickness direction Toward and having a gradually altered site.

この発明によれば、輝度の勾配を実現しながらも、発光層に隙間を生じさせる場合に比べて見栄えが改善される。   According to the present invention, the appearance is improved as compared with the case where a gap is generated in the light emitting layer while realizing the gradient of luminance.

請求項２の発明は、請求項１の発明において、前記比率の変化を段階的としたことを特徴とする。   The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1, the change in the ratio is made stepwise.

請求項３の発明は、請求項１の発明において、前記比率の変化を連続的としたことを特徴とする。   The invention of claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1, the change of the ratio is continuous.

本発明によれば、第１の電極層の厚さ寸法と発光層の厚さ寸法と第２の電極層の厚さ寸法との合計において発光層の厚さ寸法が占める比率が、厚さ方向に直交する方向へ向かって徐々に変化した部位を有することによって、輝度の勾配を実現しながらも、発光層に隙間を生じさせる場合に比べて見栄えが改善される。   According to the present invention, the ratio of the thickness dimension of the light emitting layer to the total thickness of the first electrode layer, the light emitting layer, and the second electrode layer is the thickness direction. By having the portion that gradually changes in the direction orthogonal to the direction, the appearance is improved as compared with the case where a gap is generated in the light emitting layer while realizing a gradient in luminance.

以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。   The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

本実施形態は、図１及び図２に示すように、透光性を有する材料からなり扁平な基板１と、透光性と導電性とを有する材料からなり厚さ方向を基板１の厚さ方向に向けて基板１の厚さ方向の一方の面上に設けられた第１の電極層２と、厚さ方向を基板１の厚さ方向に向けて第１の電極層２を挟んで基板１の反対側に設けられ通電された電流の密度に応じた輝度で発光する発光層３と、導電性を有する材料からなり厚さ方向を基板１の厚さ方向に向けて発光層３を挟んで第１の電極層２の反対側に設けられた第２の電極層４とを備える。基板１の材料としては、例えばガラスを用いることができる。また、第１の電極層２の材料としては、例えばインジウムスズ酸化物（ＩＴＯ）を用いることができる。さらに、発光層３としては、周知の有機ＥＬを用いることができる。また、第２の電極層４の材料としては、例えば金属を用いることができる。以下、上下左右は図１を基準として説明する。つまり、基板１の厚さ方向を上下方向と呼び、基板１において第１の電極層２が設けられている面を上面と呼ぶ。   In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the thickness of the substrate 1 is made of a flat substrate 1 made of a light-transmitting material and a material made of a light-transmitting and conductive material. The first electrode layer 2 provided on one surface in the thickness direction of the substrate 1 facing the direction, and the substrate sandwiching the first electrode layer 2 with the thickness direction facing the thickness direction of the substrate 1 A light emitting layer 3 that is provided on the opposite side of 1 and emits light with a luminance corresponding to the density of the energized current, and the light emitting layer 3 is sandwiched with a thickness direction of the substrate 1 made of a conductive material. And the second electrode layer 4 provided on the opposite side of the first electrode layer 2. As a material of the substrate 1, for example, glass can be used. Further, as a material of the first electrode layer 2, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO) can be used. Furthermore, a known organic EL can be used as the light emitting layer 3. Moreover, as a material of the 2nd electrode layer 4, a metal can be used, for example. Hereinafter, the upper, lower, left and right will be described with reference to FIG. That is, the thickness direction of the substrate 1 is referred to as the vertical direction, and the surface of the substrate 1 on which the first electrode layer 2 is provided is referred to as the upper surface.

さらに、本実施形態は、絶縁材料からなり下面が開口した直方体形状であって第１の電極層２及び第２の電極層４に対して固着され上方から見て発光層３を覆うカバー５を備える。なお、カバー５を固着する代わりに、第１の電極層２と発光層３と第２の電極層４とを合成樹脂等の封止材により封止してもよい。   Further, in the present embodiment, a cover 5 made of an insulating material and having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with an open bottom surface is fixed to the first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode layer 4 and covers the light emitting layer 3 when viewed from above. Prepare. Instead of fixing the cover 5, the first electrode layer 2, the light emitting layer 3, and the second electrode layer 4 may be sealed with a sealing material such as synthetic resin.

第１の電極層２の右端部と、第２の電極層４の左端部とには、それぞれ上方から見てカバー５から突出して直流電源Ｅが接続される端子部２１，４１が形成されている。すなわち、第１の電極層２の端子部２１に直流電源Ｅの正極を接続し、第２の電極層４の端子部４１に直流電源Ｅの負極を接続して、端子部２１，４１間に直流電圧を加えると、発光層３に厚さ方向に電流が流れることにより、発光層３が発光する。発光層３の光は、第１の電極層２と基板１とを通じて下方へ出射される。   Terminal portions 21 and 41 are formed on the right end portion of the first electrode layer 2 and the left end portion of the second electrode layer 4 so as to protrude from the cover 5 and are connected to the DC power source E as viewed from above. Yes. That is, the positive electrode of the DC power source E is connected to the terminal portion 21 of the first electrode layer 2, the negative electrode of the DC power source E is connected to the terminal portion 41 of the second electrode layer 4, and the terminal portions 21, 41 are connected. When a DC voltage is applied, a current flows through the light emitting layer 3 in the thickness direction, so that the light emitting layer 3 emits light. The light of the light emitting layer 3 is emitted downward through the first electrode layer 2 and the substrate 1.

ここで、本実施形態では、第１の電極層２の厚さ寸法が右端から左端に向かって連続的に小さくされているとともに、発光層３の厚さ寸法が右端から左端に向かって連続的に大きくされていて、第１の電極層２の厚さ寸法と発光層３の厚さ寸法と第２の電極層４の厚さ寸法との合計は、第１の電極層２と発光層３とが重なっている範囲の全体にわたって均一となっている。つまり、第１の電極層２の厚さ寸法と発光層３の厚さ寸法と第２の電極層４の厚さ寸法との合計において発光層３の厚さ寸法が占める比率が、厚さ方向に直交する方向である左方向へ向かって徐々に大きくなるように変化している。   Here, in the present embodiment, the thickness dimension of the first electrode layer 2 is continuously reduced from the right end toward the left end, and the thickness dimension of the light emitting layer 3 is continuously increased from the right end toward the left end. The total of the thickness dimension of the first electrode layer 2, the thickness dimension of the light emitting layer 3, and the thickness dimension of the second electrode layer 4 is the first electrode layer 2 and the light emitting layer 3. It is uniform over the entire range where and overlap. That is, the ratio of the thickness dimension of the light emitting layer 3 to the sum of the thickness dimension of the first electrode layer 2, the thickness dimension of the light emitting layer 3, and the thickness dimension of the second electrode layer 4 is the thickness direction. It changes so as to gradually increase in the left direction, which is a direction orthogonal to.

上記のような第１の電極層２の厚さ寸法の変化により、第１の電極層２の左右方向での電気抵抗は右端から左端に向かって徐々に大きくなる。また、第１の電極層２自体の電気抵抗により、発光層３に対し厚さ方向にかかる電圧は、第１の電極層２の端子部２１から離れるほど小さく、つまり右端から左端に向かって徐々に小さくなる。本実施形態では、第２の電極層４よりも電気抵抗率が高い第１の電極層２の厚さ寸法を変化させていることにより、第２の電極層４の厚さ寸法を同程度変化させる場合に比べて電気抵抗の変化量が大きくなっている。また、上記のような発光層３の厚さ寸法の変化により、発光層３の厚さ方向での電気抵抗は右端から左端に向かって徐々に大きくなる。   Due to the change in the thickness dimension of the first electrode layer 2 as described above, the electrical resistance in the left-right direction of the first electrode layer 2 gradually increases from the right end toward the left end. Further, the voltage applied to the light emitting layer 3 in the thickness direction due to the electric resistance of the first electrode layer 2 itself becomes smaller as the distance from the terminal portion 21 of the first electrode layer 2 decreases, that is, gradually from the right end toward the left end. Becomes smaller. In the present embodiment, the thickness dimension of the second electrode layer 4 is changed to the same extent by changing the thickness dimension of the first electrode layer 2 having a higher electrical resistivity than the second electrode layer 4. The amount of change in electrical resistance is larger than that in the case of making it. Further, due to the change in the thickness dimension of the light emitting layer 3 as described above, the electrical resistance in the thickness direction of the light emitting layer 3 gradually increases from the right end toward the left end.

すなわち、本実施形態では、右端から左端に向かって、発光層３にかかる電圧が低下する上に発光層３の電気抵抗が上昇するのであり、第１の電極層２の厚さ寸法と、発光層３の厚さ寸法とは、それぞれ、発光層３に流れる電流密度を右端から左端に向かって小さくする方向に連続的に変化している。これにより、本実施形態において下方に出射される光の強度（すなわち基板１の下面の輝度）は、右端から左端に向かって徐々に低くなっている。   That is, in the present embodiment, the voltage applied to the light emitting layer 3 decreases and the electrical resistance of the light emitting layer 3 increases from the right end to the left end, and the thickness dimension of the first electrode layer 2 and the light emission The thickness dimension of the layer 3 continuously changes in the direction of decreasing the current density flowing through the light emitting layer 3 from the right end toward the left end. Thereby, in the present embodiment, the intensity of the light emitted downward (that is, the luminance of the lower surface of the substrate 1) gradually decreases from the right end toward the left end.

上記構成によれば、輝度の勾配を実現しながらも、従来例のように発光層３に隙間を生じさせる場合に比べて見栄えが改善されている。また、直流電源Ｅを従来例のように複数個用意する必要もない。   According to the above configuration, the appearance is improved as compared with the case where a gap is generated in the light emitting layer 3 as in the conventional example, while realizing a luminance gradient. Further, it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of DC power supplies E as in the conventional example.

なお、上記のように第１の電極層２の厚さ寸法と発光層３の厚さ寸法との両方を変化させる代わりに、図３に示すように発光層３の厚さ寸法のみを変化させたり、図４に示すように第１の電極層２の厚さ寸法のみを変化させてもよい。   Instead of changing both the thickness dimension of the first electrode layer 2 and the light emitting layer 3 as described above, only the thickness dimension of the light emitting layer 3 is changed as shown in FIG. Alternatively, only the thickness dimension of the first electrode layer 2 may be changed as shown in FIG.

また、第１の電極層２の厚さ寸法や発光層３の厚さ寸法の変化を、上記のように連続的とする代わりに、図５に示すように段階的としてもよい。   Further, the change in the thickness dimension of the first electrode layer 2 and the thickness dimension of the light emitting layer 3 may be stepwise as shown in FIG. 5 instead of being continuous as described above.

本発明の実施形態に電源を接続した状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which connected the power supply to embodiment of this invention. 同上を示す分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the same as the above. 同上の別の形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows another form same as the above. 同上の更に別の形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows another form same as the above. 同上の別の形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows another form same as the above. 従来例を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows a prior art example. 図６のＡ−Ａ’断面図である。It is A-A 'sectional drawing of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 基板
２ 第１の電極層
３ 発光層
４ 第２の電極層 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Board | substrate 2 1st electrode layer 3 Light emitting layer 4 2nd electrode layer

Claims (3)

透光性を有する材料からなり扁平な基板と、
透光性と導電性とを有する材料からなり厚さ方向を基板の厚さ方向に向けて基板の厚さ方向の一方の面上に設けられ直流電源の正極と負極との一方に接続される第１の電極層と、
厚さ方向を基板の厚さ方向に向けて第１の電極層を挟んで基板の反対側に設けられ通電された電流の密度に応じた輝度で発光する発光層と、
導電性を有する材料からなり厚さ方向を基板の厚さ方向に向けて発光層を挟んで第１の電極層の反対側に設けられ直流電源の正極と負極とのうち第１の電極層とは異なる側に接続される第２の電極層とを備え、
第１の電極層の厚さ寸法と発光層の厚さ寸法と第２の電極層の厚さ寸法との合計において発光層の厚さ寸法が占める比率が、厚さ方向に直交する方向へ向かって徐々に変化した部位を有することを特徴とする発光装置。 A flat substrate made of a light-transmitting material;
It is made of a material having translucency and conductivity, and is provided on one surface in the thickness direction of the substrate with the thickness direction facing the thickness direction of the substrate, and is connected to one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the DC power supply. A first electrode layer;
A light emitting layer that is provided on the opposite side of the substrate across the first electrode layer with the thickness direction facing the thickness direction of the substrate and emits light with a luminance according to the density of the energized current;
A first electrode layer made of a conductive material and provided on the opposite side of the first electrode layer across the light emitting layer with the thickness direction facing the thickness direction of the substrate; Comprises a second electrode layer connected to different sides,
The ratio of the thickness dimension of the light emitting layer in the sum of the thickness dimension of the first electrode layer, the thickness dimension of the light emitting layer, and the thickness dimension of the second electrode layer is directed in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction. And a light emitting device characterized by having a gradually changed portion. 前記比率の変化を段階的としたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の発光装置。   2. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the change in the ratio is made stepwise. 前記比率の変化を連続的としたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の発光装置。   The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the change in the ratio is continuous.
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