US138780A - Improvement in compounds for lining bottoms of bessemer or kelly converters - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES E. ATWOOD, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN COMPOUNDS FOR LINING BOTTOMS 0F BESSEMER 0R KELLY CONVERTERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 138,?80, dated May 13, 1873; application filed May 5, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES E. Arwoon, of Pittsburg, Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, have invented a Compound for Tuyeres, of which the following is a specification:

This invention relates to compounds of refractory nature employed in lining the bottoms of converters used in the manufacture of Bessemer steel, commonly called Bessemer converters. The compounds heretofore used for the bottoms of converters will last on an average of from three to five heats, when it becomes necessary to reline the bottom at the expense of time and labor, as the converter mustbe allowed to cool off before being relined. My invention consists, therefore, in combining a carbon-preferably plumbago in the form of old crucibles, although anthracite or bituminous coal may furnish the carbonGerman or other plastic clay, old ground fire-brick, Mount Savage stone-clay, and burnt or unburnt sand,

.which, when ground together and dampened so as to be tamped into the mold, will form a lining that will run from twelve to twenty-four heats, or, as it is technically termed, blows.

The proportions that I have found to answer best are: Plumbago in the form of old crucible, (or the coals above named,) twenty parts; German clay, thirty parts; ground fire-brick, thirty parts; Mount Savage stone-clay, ten parts; common sharp sand, ten parts. These I grind together and dampen with sufficient water to form a mass that can be tamped into the mold which forms the bottom of the converter. v

New plumbago may be employed instead of plumbago in the form of old crucibles; but this would be an additional expense without producing a proportionately better result.

Most of the materials used are inexpensive, being such as have been previously used in or about the works in some form or other, and this will, of course, cheapen the cost of manufacture.

The time heretofore lost in repairing confire-brick, burntor unburnt sand, and one or more of the plastic clays, substantially as described, for the lining of converters.

JAMES E. ATWOOD. Witnesses:

GHARLEs ZIMMERMANN, LUTHER MARTIN.